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The aim of this research was to produce three-layer Medium Density Particleboard (MDP), with the addition of impregnated paper, in the inner layer, in proportions of 1; 5 and 20%. In this study, MDP was composed with particles of small size in outer layers, and larger particles in internal layer. After panel manufacturing, physical and mechanical tests based on Brazilian Code ABNT NBR 14.810 were carried out to determine moisture content; density; thickness swelling; water absorption; modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending and internal adhesion. Test results were compared to commercial panels, produced with 100% Eucalyptus, considering the requirements specified by Brazilian Code. Properties presented values close to normative specifications, indicating positively the possibility of production of MDP using addition of waste paper impregnated.

Treated dredged sediment by using Hi Biah System (HBS) was used for the construction of five different artificial tidal flats (E1-E5) in Ago Bay, Japan. AGOCLEAN-P which is mainly made from paper sludge ashes was used as a coagulant and hardener. After the construction, continuous monitoring for the physico-chemical and biological parameters was carried out quarterly for 28 months from May 2005 to August 2007. Physico-chemical parameters measured were; particle size, loss on ignition (LOI), total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), water content (WC), chlorophyll a, and acid volatile sulphide (AVS). At the end of the experiment, physico-chemical parameters for the artificial tidal flats along with the sandy natural flat (S2) were almost similar. In regards to the natural muddy flats (S1) the results showed remarkable increase in the particle size

The construction industry is responsible for high energy and raw materials consumption. Thus, it is important to minimize the high energy consumption by taking advantage of renewable energy sources and reusing industrial waste, decreasing the extraction of natural materials. The mortars with incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) have the ability to regulate the temperature inside buildings, contributing to the thermal comfort and reduction of the use of heating and cooling equipment, using only the energy supplied by the sun. The simultaneous incorporation of PCM and fly ash (FA) can reduce the energetic consumption and the amount of materials landfilled. However, the addition of these materials in mortars modifies its characteristics. The main purpose of this study was the production and characterization in the fresh and hardened state of mortars with incorporation of different contents of PCM and FA. The binders studied were aerial lime, hydraulic lime, gypsum and cement. The proportion of PCM studied was 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% of the mass of the sand. The content of fly ash added to the mortars was 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% of the mass of the binder. It was possible to observe that the incorporation of PCM and fly ash in mortars caused differences in properties such as workability, microstructure, water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength and adhesion.

Studies have been conducted to investigate biomass accumulation of earthworms (Eisenia fetida andrei), cultivated in the soil media under various concentrations of the slaked lime. The group, which is cultivated on the media with lime concentration 0.1% is characterized by maximum biomass accumulation (average – 120 %). As a result we have discovered two phase kinetic dependence between biomass accumulation of earthworms and the amount of the slaked lime.

In this research the aim was produce a particleboard with alternative materials and evaluated its physical and mechanical characteristics. The raw materials used are residues from sucarcane bagasse (SC) (Saccharum officinarum) and stem leaves of bamboo (B) (Dendrocalamus giganteus), bonded with a bi component adhesive based on castor oil. It was produced particleboards with five different traces: 100% SC, 75% SC+25% B, 50% SC+50% B, 25% SC +75%B and 100 % B. Their physical and mechanical characteristics were evaluated accordingly to Brazilian standard NBR 14810-3. Regarding the results obtained, it can be detached that for physical and mechanical evaluation it is evident a negative relation among the amount the sugarcane bagasse and their physical and mechanical characteristics, that is particleboards with low concentrations of sugarcane bagasse had better results. However all particleboards could be recommended for use as sealing particleboards in the segment of civil construction.

This paper applies super-heated steam drying technology to improve the quality of lignite. A unique experimental system was built up. In order to obtain the optimum operation conditions, the drying kinetics was measured. The temperature range of super-heated steam was from 120 to 200°C. The results showed that the drying process of super-heated steam drying of lignite can be well depicted by two stages, as a constant drying rate stage followed by a falling drying rate stage. The comparison of drying process to the hot air drying showed the superior advantages of super-heated steam drying on safety, drying capacity and energy conservation. Analysis shows the huge application potential of lignite in power plants by means of the super-heated steam drying.

The paper “Bacterial succession in bioheap leaching” [1] initiated the search for methods to analyze the microbial dynamics in bioleaching industrial processes as a key to advancing commercial bioheap applications. “Chemical and physical conditions within bioheaps change radically from the time the bioheap is stacked and inoculated until bioleaching is completed.” The results from a comprehensive monitoring program by culturing and molecular techniques in an industrial bioleaching process for Run-of-mine (ROM) low grade copper sulfide ore in Chile will be summarized. The analysis of the compiled information permits an understanding of changes in microbial substrates availability, chemical and physical conditions. The impact of other aspects on microbiology, such as the mining programme and the industrial design are also considered. The bacterial succession in bioheap leaching solutions allowed the leaching cycle stages to be describe as: i) Acid conditioning and soluble copper releasing, ii) Chalcocite Bacterial leaching (ferrous oxidation); iii) Chalcocite Bacterial leaching (ferrous and reduced sulfur compounds –RSC- oxidation); iv) Bacterial leaching of sulphide minerals with higher rest potentials (pyrite and covellite ), v) Bacterial oxidation of remnant sulfide minerals and RSC.

The problem of proper disposal of solid waste generated in different industrial processes is one of worldwide environmental concerns nowadays. Thus, this study aimed to establish a new alternative for the disposal of two agro-industrial residues employing them to produce particleboard for different purposes in building construction. The focus was given to the reuse of the sugarcane bagasse (SB) originated during the processing ofSaccharum officinarumfor sugar and ethanol production, and bamboo stem leaves ofDendrocalamus giganteus(BB). For this, six particleboards were produced in the following compositions: with 100% SB, 75% SB + 25% BB, 50% SB+50% BB, 40% SB +60 BB, 25% SB+ 75% BB and 100% BB in the total mass of the composites. The particleboards physical characterization followed Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 14810-3 to density, moisture content and water absorption. Results showed these raw materials are compatible to particleboard production.

Wood is a renewable source of structural material with high relative strength/weight, low energy production, which kidnaps and stores carbon in its production. The large use of wood is due to its special qualities as raw material for other products manufactured in residential construction or major works such as bridges, has been widely used in roofing for industrial and commercial buildings. Commercially there are limitations on the length of the wood, resulting from the extraction of tree trunks, thus requiring the adoption of binding elements is the use of self-tapping screws efforts required by side and which can be axial, shear, tensile or compression. Whereas in Brazil does not yet exist and the promising future of the product, this research aims to study the behavior of self-tapping screws together with Brazilian reforestation species ofPinusoocarpaandLyptus(softwood and hardwood). Rothoblaas self-tapping screws had a good penetration in both woods without requiring pre-drilling, the species of Lyptus wood showed the highest values of strength and the inclination of the screws, at 45 degrees showed the best results on either species of wood.

A green method to synthesize the reduced graphene oxide using supercritical fluid has been developed, which is an environmentally friendly and efficient route. The reduced graphene oxide has been examined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy. We have also studied the effects of reduction temperatures and supercritical fluids on the electrical properties of reduced graphene oxide. It was found that ethanol has higher reducing capability than CO2at all temperatures (200 - 400°C) examined in this study for graphene oxide reduction. As a result, reduced graphene oxide (6300 S/m) from supercritical ethanol treatment has 5 times as high conductivity as that from supercritical CO2treatment at the reduction temperature of 400°C. This green process is applicable for large scale production of reduced graphene oxides for various practical applications.

The dyeing of cotton fabrics using mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) as a natural dye has been studied in both conventional heating and ultrasonic techniques. The extractability of Mulberry leaves dye from natural origin using power ultrasonic was also evaluated in comparison with conventional heating. The mulberry leaves extract to provided brown-green to green color, depending on the pH concentration. The results of dye extraction indicate that power ultrasonic is rather effective than conventional heating at low temperature and short time. The effects of dye bath pH, dyeing time, dyeing temperature and mordants were studied and the colorimetric parameters L*, a*, b* of dyed fabrics with ultrasonic and conventional techniques were compared.

This experiment was performed to determine the ability of the coagulation performance of rambutan seed in comparison to alum for potential use in turbidity removal in water and wastewater treatment industry. Experiments were conducted to find the optimum operating conditions for coagulation process such as coagulant dosage and pH and also suitable extracting solvent for the active agent (distilled water, NaCl and NaOH). 1 M NaCl was found to be an effective solvent for extracting the active coagulant agent in rambutan seed and gave about 99 % turbidity removal. The optimum rambutan seed dosages and pH was 100 mg/l and pH 3, resulting in > 90% turbidity removal. In order to reduce dependency on alum, 50% alum and 50% rambutan seed as coagulant combination was used in the order of alum first followed by rambutan seed. The highest turbidity removal of 99% was achieved compared to when using alum (91%) and seed (88%) alone. Rambutan seed coagulant exhibited faster sedimentation time due to bigger flocs formation and also smaller sludge volume than alum. The results suggest potential of using rambutan biomass as biocoagulant. Keywords: rambutan seed, alum, protein, natural coagulant, turbidity, solvent

The mining districts located in the western mountain range in the south of Ecuador have gold minerals with refractory characteristics, which do not allow gold recovery by traditional methods used in Ecuador. Therefore, it is necessary to apply some technology that permits to obtain greater metal recovery. Bio-oxidation, as treatment of refractory ores that contain low grade of gold, offers an economic and sustainable alternative for this purpose. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of particle size, pulp density and concentration of inoculum and inducer (Fe+2) on the bio-oxidation of refractory gold minerals in order to maximize gold recovery of the bioleached minerals by means of a cyanidation process. The microbial consortium used in this work was collected and isolated from the Portovelo mining district corresponding mostly toAcidithiobacillus ferrooxidansandLeptospirillum ferrooxidansspecies. The Eh, final concentration of ferric ion, total iron and sulfates were measured. Finally, the bio-oxidized material was tested using cyanidation to determine the gold recovery. The results after the cyanidation tests showed that the highest gold recovery was obtained when the bio-oxidation step was conducted with 68-91 µm particle size, 15% pulp density, 20% v/v inoculum and 2 g/L of Fe2+as inducer. At those conditions, gold recovery was 68% compared to 26% obtained when no bio-oxidation step was performed, demonstrating that this process was favorable compared with traditional gold recovery processes

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains approximately 6% fiber. The effectiveness of pre-treatment on POME can serve a very good feedstock for hydrogen production in fermentation process. In this research, the effectiveness of pre-treatment methods on POME treated using acid and base were analysed based total carbohydrate and reducing sugar content. By using 1M NaOH with heat treatment, 26.12% carbon source converted to reducing sugar while by using 1M H2SO4 with heat treatment, over 32.09% carbon source converted to reducing sugar. The highest increment of total carbohydrate where from acid-heat treatment with 26.1% increment from initial concentration. At the initial pH (5.5) with fermentation temperature 37°C, the highest hydrogen production rate given by acid-heat treatment was 0.5mL H2/mL POME. Different for initial pH 7.0 with the same temperature, the highest hydrogen produced rate was given by base-heat treatment with 0.59 mL H2/mL POME. The production of hydrogen in 2L bioreactor given much higher hydrogen production compare to production in serum bottle. This fermentation was run in batch mode with initial pH 7 and control at 5.5. The maximum hydrogen produce was 4304 mL H2/ L POME from acid-heat treatment.

Microbial heap bioleaching is being used as an industrial process to recover copper from low grade ores. It is known that a consortium of different microorganisms participates in this process. Therefore identification and quantification of communities inhabiting heap bioleaching operations is a key step for understanding the dynamics and role of these microorganisms in the process. A quantitative real-time PCR approach was used to investigate the microbial dynamics in this process. To study the microbial population inhabiting a low-grade copper sulphide ore bioleaching industrial heap process at Escondida Mine in Chile, 16S rRNA genetic libraries were constructed using bacterial and archaeal universal primers. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences retrieved from genetic libraries showed that the community is mainly composed by microoganisms related to Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (2 strains), Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferriphilum and the archaea Ferroplasma. Specific primers for real-time PCR determination were designed and tested to amplify each of the sequences obtained by cloning. Standard curves for real time PCR were performed using plasmid DNA from selected clones. This methodology is actually being used to monitor relevant microorganisms inhabiting this low-grade copper sulphide ore bioleaching industrial heap.

As the trend for lighter more efficient structures continues, the requirement for alternative materials follows. One material that has gained attention more recently is porous metallic foam. One drawback to these materials is that there is limited pedigree and understanding of their performance. As with all materials, the use of metallic foam for structures requires knowledge of its mechanical properties; including at high-strain rates. The focus of this paper is to determine the compressive mechanical properties and the influencing parameters for AISI 4340 steel closed-cell foam under high-strain rates (776s-1 to 3007s-1). ANSYS commercial finite element code is used to simulate a closed-cell sample under a split Hopkinson pressure bar test. In this paper the pores are considered to be spherical in shape for simplification while various parameters such as the pore size, the number of pores, the distribution of pores, and the strain rate are varied. Each of these parameters gives this material a unique response which is presented in this paper.

Retracted paper: In this paper, the basic principles of HMM, HMM studied three major issues need to be addressed as well as overflow problems in the practical application of how to solve the HMM. Because artificial neural network (ANN) with anti-noise, adaptive, learning ability, recognition speed, etc., taking into account the characteristics of the common features of speech recognition and pattern recognition and artificial neural networks have, this article will get a mixed combination of HMM in ANN model, using ANN to make up for some deficiencies of HMM. Experiments show that the hybrid model recognition rate than the HMM model increased by 4%, but the algorithm still has many defects to be resolved.

This paper presents the theoretical review of the importance of landscape design in the execution of green and sustainable buildings as a trend of current development concept. Instead of beautifying the environment, strategic landscape design may help to prevent from extensive building heat gain, reduce the energy and water consumption as well as produce the natural and healthy ambience to the surrounding. Landscape design in green buildings should be viewed as not just mere decorative afterthought but it must be well conceived as a multi-function factor that provides various critical green services for a building including water efficiency and energy efficiency. The framework covers two main aspects which are green wall or vertical landscape design and roof top garden. The aim of the paper is to highlight the demand for the proper landscape design that should be provided in any development of sustainable buildings. It is hoped that the paper will contribute to further enrich the landscape design innovation as part of green and sustainable building design.

Pneumatic mechanism widely used in industrial, automotive, aerospace, and etc. The principle of pneumatic like piston is move up and down due to the air pressure inside the piston. Mechanism of piston can be applied to the power plant that utilizes the ocean waves where as use of piston mechanism is very helpful in solving the problem of fossil fuel scarcity as a source of energy in power plants. In this study we will focus on the pneumatic system which utilizing ocean wave that moves longitudinally to encourage buoy that located on the piston shaft to up and down and then the pressing of air out of piston. Output of the piston will be forwarded to the generator (rotor and stator) to produce a voltage. In this paper is focused on the manufacture of pneumatic systems and processes to produce the rotation and voltage. Material of piston tube component made of aluminum and rubber, buoys made of plastic and generator such as of metal and copper coils. Output of the piston will be forwarded to the generator (rotor and stator) to produce a voltage. In this paper is focused on the manufacture of pneumatic systems and processes to obtained the rotation and voltage with aluminum for piston tube material, buoys made of plastic and magnet rotor and copper coils of stator include on the generator and get the results of ocean wave power plant using piston mechanism is 1400 rpm with a voltage of 36 volt.

This paper tries to identify the characters which might affect interprovincial migrants decisions and examine how and why the influence of these characters changes over time individually and synthetically in China during 1985-2005. We have investigated six kinds of factors, including distance, population density, income, unemployment rate, house price, and migration stock. In addition, we apply the identified factors with a multiple stepwise regression model to a longitudinal dataset, which consists of the interprovincial migration flows over last two decades in China. It is found that different factors have disparate impacts on migration in China, and they can be decomposed into push force in origin area and pull force in destination area. Factors shaping Chinas interprovincial migration have shifted from traditional factors such as distance to economic factors such as income and unemployment rate. This paper suggests that more attention should be paid to obtain detailed migration data with spatial information and develop applicable models for migration processes. Our analysis provides references for development planners and policy-makers to develop sound population policies to achieve regional sustainable development in China.

This paper encompasses the work from numerical model by investigating the compression response of CFRP composite cylinder shells. The aim of this paper is to improve the reliability of NASA SP-8007 design guideline. The cylinder geometrical imperfections were tested through numerical modelling and validate with the experiment results. Good results comparison has been obtained through the work with small amount of errors. The cylinder shell load carrying capacity has been improved by average of 56% through imperfection study. This work builds confidence in the future use of non-linear finite element for the design of composite cylinder subjected to axial compression load.

Currently, finite element analyses are usually done by means of commercial software tools. Accuracy of analysis and computational time are two important factors in efficiency of these tools. This paper studies the effective parameters in computational time and accuracy of finite element analyses performed by ANSYS and provides the guidelines for the users of this software whenever they us this software for study on deformation of orthopedic bone plates or study on similar cases. It is not a fundamental scientific study and only shares the findings of the authors about structural analysis by means of ANSYS workbench. It gives an idea to the readers about improving the performance of the software and avoiding the traps. The solutions provided in this paper are not the only possible solutions of the problems and in similar cases there are other solutions which are not given in this paper. The parameters of solution method, material model, geometric model, mesh configuration, number of the analysis steps, program controlled parameters and computer settings are discussed through thoroughly in this paper.

Plastic waste disposal is among the most challenging problems of the current era. Therefore, new methods and applications for the utilization of waste plastics are increasingly needed. To find them, it is essential to research and develop the material properties of recycled plastics. The effect of different ultraviolet light (UV) stabilizers on the color stability, melt properties and tensile properties of mixed waste plastics blends was studied in this paper. The mixed waste plastics collected from two different waste sources were prepared as specimens by injection molding, and studied with two different types and loading amounts of UV stabilizers. UV absorbers (UVAs) and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) were used as UV stabilizers. A specimen produced without the addition of a UV stabilizer was used as a reference specimen of both the blends. After the accelerated weathering, the addition of a UVA provided an improved, smaller change in color than the addition of HALS. Among the tensile properties, the addition of UV stabilizers clearly improved the tensile strength and tensile modulus for almost all the studied specimens. Additionally, the melt properties of both the studied plastic blends were found to be increased by the addition of UV stabilizers. Post-print / Final draft

According to high accuracy demand in the measurement field, this paper designs a high precision inertial measurement system by using DSP and ARM processor to realize carrier-phase differential GPS/INS integrated navigation. This paper chooses Kalman filter to estimate the systematic error, uses closed loop method to correct, and carries out carrier-phase differential GPS/INS data fusion. Through manipulating actual measurement data, the integrated navigation results indicate that position accuracy reaches cm level; velocity accuracy reaches cm/s level and attitude achieves high precision. The experiment proves the feasibility and effectiveness of carrier-phase differential GPS/INS integrated navigation system.

Shipborne measurement and communication equipments are central parts of space measurement ship. Renewal of the equipments is very important for space measurement tasks. Also it is important to save cost for continual development. The paper proposes the problem of technical and economic analysis of the renewals. The maintenance and update with their analysis are introduced too. Finally schemes of the renewal and its decision-making method are presented. The renewals are motivated mostly by requirement of space missions at present. But for continual development the ratio of efficient and cost is important. The decision-maker may refer the paper and select scientific renewal scheme.

In order to avoid the problems of existing methods, a numerical simulation method for two-dimensional airflow over complex terrains is developed in this paper for the engineering use of flight dynamics. Based on the potential flow theories, the effects of terrains on the wind field are considered by a serial of two-dimensional vortexes, whose strengths are solved by combining with the ground boundary conditions. Numerical examples are studied by the proposed method, and the method is also evaluated by comparing the results with ones from the existing method. The result shows that the two-dimensional profile of complex terrains could be described by a cubic spline curve precisely. The computation procedure proposed in this paper is very simple and efficient, and it could provide a result of wind field with considerable accuracy. Therefore, this method could be used for flight principle evaluation and flight simulators. Finally, through simulate flight path, discussing effect of terrains on track.

The algebraic semantics has been applied to describe and verify semantics for a long period of time. In this paper, the algebraic semantics of EPDL of task level is studied. The paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, the initial algebraic semantics of EPDL (AS-EPDL) of task level is given. As a consequence of the practical purpose, we give the expansion type, which can help the modularization of programming. However, there are two key problems we should concern about when the expansion type is built - hierarchy-consistency and sufficient-completeness. Therefore, we give the verification of these two properties in the second part of the paper.

This paper mainly introduces a management information system about college teacher workload based on ASP.NET and ADO.NET technology. The system adopts B/S structure, benefits the using of client. And the system realized the digital and dynamical management, reduces the time of examination and approval, improves the efficiency and veracity of work. The paper analyses the theory of system development, function of system, and design scheme of system.

The urgency of moving towards optimization of existing energy distribution via Smart Grid (SG) is crucial due to promising opportunities such as energy efficiency, reduced carbon emissions, and improved power reliability. This paper focuses on wireless communication network for smart meter linking Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to Smart Grid (SG). This paper also gives evidence that before smart meter is deployed, its communication infrastructure has to be precise to ensure proper operation, functionality and safety. This paper also provides an overview of how smart meter can contribute the penetration of Plug-In Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (PHEV) to the grid and its uncertain load.

Fuzzy control theory is a computer numerical control theory based on fuzzy set theory, fuzzy language variable and fuzzy logic reasoning. It is widely used for it doesn’t require exact mathematical model of controlled object in system design, so that fuzzy control has an advantage in researching high nonlinear system like inverted pendulum. However, rule explosion problem is unavoidable when we use fuzzy control theory to solve some multivariable system control problems such as inverted pendulum. This paper presents the application of the optimal control theory to reduce the input variable dimensions and the rules of the fuzzy controller through designing a fusion function, solving rule explosion problem successfully. The paper also discusses the control effect influenced by quantification factors, promoting performance quality of the fuzzy controller by setting threshold value to make quantification factors automatic regulation. Keywords-Fuzzy control; computer control; application; optimization

In this paper, a new design optimization method-cross entropy methods for passenger flow routing in passenger hubs is employed, in order to develop rational and efficient passenger flow routing program, which will help improving the passenger flow organization. According to the description and characteristics of the problem, we transform the problem into a combinatorial optimization problem, so that it is convenient to explore the best solution. The numerical example declares that the method given above can obtain the optimal solution under the condition of fixed demand. Results show that the cross entropy method is effective, and can be well applied in passenger flow routing design problem. Systematic studying the passenger terminal passenger flow routing design optimization techniques and methods and developing rational and efficient passenger flow routing program will help improving the organization of passenger flow. According to the description of the problem and the characteristics of itself, the paper transforms the problem into a combinatorial optimization problem, so that it is convenient to explore the best solution. The paper also employs the cross entropy method to solve the problems. Numerical example declares that the method given above can obtain the optimal solution under the condition of fixed demand. Results show that the cross entropy method is effective, and this method can be well applied in passenger flow routing design problem.

One key issue of seafloor observatory network is to ensure that the whole system operates normally when some equipment failure exists. Branch Unit can cut off the connection between the failure parts and the backbone network automatically and protect other equipment of the network from the impact of equipment failure. This paper proposes a design of the Branch Unit. The Branch Unit uses zener diode to provide power for the control circuits and constructs DWDM system with the help of the OADM. One Branch Unit model was built in this paper. Experiments verify the principle and functions of the Branch Unit and prove the feasibility of the design. The design provides a reference for the realization of the seafloor observatory network.

The paper reports on the activities of the RILEM technical committee “Reinforcement of Timber Elements in Existing Structures”. The main objective of the committee is to coordinate the efforts to improve the reinforcement practice of timber structural elements. Recent developments related to structural reinforcements can be grouped into three categories: (i) addition of new structural systems to support the existing structure; (ii) configuration of a composite system; and (iii) incorporation of elements to increase strength and stiffness. The paper specifically deals with research carried out at the Bern University of Applied Sciences Switzerland (BFH), the University of Minho Portugal (UniMinho), and the University of Trento Italy (UNITN). Research at BFH was devoted to improve the structural performance of rounded dovetail joints by means of different reinforcement methods: i) self-tapping screws, ii) adhesive layer, and iii) a combination of selftapping screws and adhesive layer. Research at UNITN targeted the use of “dry” connections for timber-to-timber composites, specifically reversible reinforcement techniques aimed at increasing the load-bearing capacity and the bending stiffness of existing timber floors. At UniMinho, double span continuous glulam slabs were strengthened with fibre-reinforced-polymers. All three examples demonstrate the improved structural performance of timber elements after reinforcing them., The research on RDJ was funded by BFH and supported by the staff at the BFH " tech-park" Huesser Holzbau AG and ArundaR. The research at UNITN was carried out by the Timber Research Group (in particular by M. Piazza, R. Tomasi, I. Giongo) within the framework of the RELUIS Project 2011-2013, which is financed by the Italian Emergency Management Agency (Dipartimento della Protezione Civile) and supported by Rothoblaas srl.

MVC is a typical software architecture model The paper states the development principle and advantages of the MVC pattern, discusses the software development process based on the MVC pattern, and designs a Web application— library management system. On the basis of introducing books management system, this paper describes the system design and implementation method based on MVC pattern. The use of MVC model improves maintainability and reusability of the system. KeywordsMVC model; JSP; Servlets; Javabeans

Prediction and optimization of quality characteristics is an important means to improve the quality of laser cutting. Kerf width (KW) and material removal rate(MRR) are selected as the quality characteristics in this paper. The fitting response surface models (RSM) of KW and MRR are considered as the optimization objective function in pulsed Nd: YAG laser cutting of alloy steel for multi-objective optimization. An improved Pareto genetic algorithm is used in the optimization, and the significant factors have been found. The predicted results are basically consistent with the experimental. Therefore, the method used in this paper can be used for optimization of KW and MRR in pulse Nd: YAG laser cutting. The study can provide theoretical basis for the prediction and optimization of quality in laser cutting. Keywords-laser cutting; multi-objective optimization; RSM; improved Pareto genetic algorithm

In this paper a novel Support vector clustering (SVC) method for outlier detection is proposed. Outlier detection algorithms have application in several tasks such as data mining, data preprocessing, data filter-cleaner, time series analysis and so on. Traditionally outlier detection methods are mostly based on modeling data based on its statistical properties and these approaches are only preferred when large scale set is available. To solve this problem, in this paper we focus on establishing the context of support vector clustering approach for outlier detection. Compared to traditional outlier detection methods , the performance of the SVC is not sensitive to the selection of needed parameters. The experiment results proved the efficiency of our method.

Evacuation for a firefighter in complex fire scene is challenge problem. In this paper, we discuss a firefighters evacuation decision making model in ad hoc robot network on fire scene. Due to the dynamics on fire scene, we know that the sensed information in ad hoc robot network is also dynamically variance. So in this paper, we adapt dynamic decision method, Markov decision process, to model the firefighters decision making process for evacuation from fire scene. In firefighting decision making process, we know that the critical problems are how to define action space and evaluate the transition law in Markov decision process. In this paper, we discuss those problems according to the triangular sensors situation in ad hoc robot network and describe a decision making model for a firefighters evacuation the in the end.

As an important technical support platform of the next generation air traffic management concepts, Civil Aviation Wide Information Management System is responsible for providing various types of interactive information to relative business departments. This paper took SOA approach to analyze and design the function architecture of SWIM. And focused on the different technical approaches and deploying integration levels, it analyzed two kinds of SWIM technical architecture selections. This paper is funded by the National Science and Technology Supporting Program Civil Aviation Wide Information Management Technology and Platform (No. 2011BAH24B07) Project.

Alternating current (AC) machine speed regulation system plays a very important role in our industrial and agricultural production. This paper focuses on the three-phase asynchronous motor which account for most of the proportion of the AC machines. Firstly, this paper establishes three mathematical models of asynchronous motor based on dq coordinate system and introduces the principle of V/f speed-adjusting for asynchronous motor, and then the paper builds the simulation models of V/f speed-adjusting control system for asynchronous motor based on Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results of the V/f speed-adjusting control system verifies the correctness of the simulation models and the principle of speed regulation.

3DR-tree is an index method using the traditional R-tree to index moving objects. Its defect is that a cube generates when an object remains still for a period of time. For those objects that remain still for a long period of time, many strip cubes will generate. MBR will be overlong or overlarge, thus increasing a great deal of overlap and reducing index performance greatly. This paper is to improve the 3DR-tree model to enhance index performance. On the basis of 3DR-tree, this paper will put forward improving historical data index performance of 3DR-tree through node splitting. 3DR-tree is provided with the online data index function by means of tree splitting.

In order to increase the movement capability of the robotic visual system in three-dimension space, the paper designs an obstacle-avoidance algorithm based on robotic movement visual by effectively processing the visual information colleted by the robotics. This paper establishes a structural model of coordination control system. The obstacles can be effectively identified and avoided by the obstacle-avoidance theory in the robotics coordination operation. The mathematical model of the obstacle-avoidance algorithm can predict the locations of the obstacles. The experiment proves the proposed algorithm can avoid the obstacles in three-dimension space and the accuracy is very high.

In microgrids operation, photovoltaic power generation system need to quickly and accurately for maximum power point tracking (MPPT), namely MPPT technology, because of the diversity of the control method, its control effect is different, a realization of process is also great difference. And because the current maximum power point tracking method is not enough accurate and mature, which led to the photovoltaic system power loss, this paper expounds the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of tracking control method, in light of the maximum power point tracking control theory, and sums up the mathematical model of optimization, seeking the optimal control method. The paper is to explore maximum power point tracking control method development mentality, to look forward the research direction of the microgrids PV system. Keywords-Microgrids; PV system; Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) ; Power loss.

Magnetoacoustic Tomography (MAT) is a new imaging method. MAT combines the good contrast of electrical impedance tomography with the good spatial resolution of ultrasound imaging. Magnetoacoustic Tomography includes Magnetoacoustic Tomography with magnetic induction and Magnetoacoustic Tomography with injecting current. In this paper we researched the later imaging method mainly; in paper we studied the parameters of AC power supply, which was injected to the imaging sample. At the same time, the waveforms of experiment were given and analyzed, which provides theoretical basis for the selection of power supply used in the subsequent experiments.

In view of the disfigurement that the former research mostly focus on the evaluation of the investment value before investment, not only this paper uses for reference to the former evaluation system, but also successfully integrates it into a unity that the evaluation before investment and after investment. This paper designs a set of evaluation criterion and a set of actual state evaluation system. Comparing both of them is the essential start of evaluation. Then according to it, and based on the grey correlation degree theory, this paper constructs a set of compositive evaluation index—growth imitating degree, The method provides a primary analysis frame for monitoring venture enterprise fostering. Keywords-venture enterprise; fostering; grey correlation degree; growth imitating degree

China has built many reservoirs in the Yangtze River. Those reservoirs play an important role in flood control, electricity generation and shipping. But it is difficult to operation reservoir group reasonably because the comprehensive utilization demand. Especially in flood-season, there are usually many different targets to be considered. This paper researched the multiple targets operation of reservoir group in flood-season in the Yangtze River by multi-objective evaluation method. Three reservoir group operation schemes were selected to be compared. The results show that scheme three is the best scheme which has the highest evaluation value. The method this paper proposed is effective in comparing and selecting schemes in flood control management. Keywordsmultiple targets, reservoir group, reservoir operation in flood-season, the Yangtze River, scheme evaluation

A novel approach is introduced in this paper to detect abnormal behavior based on global motion orientation. Compare to the normal behavior (walking, shaking hands etc.), abnormal behavior has different orientation. The method we introduced divides each frame into blocks, makes statistical analysis of the global motion direction histogram of all frame blocks and extracts characteristics. At last, behavior is detected with support vector machine (SVM). Experiment shows that the method proposed in the paper has certain robustness and can achieve real-time monitoring.

As the main influence factors on price fluctuations of corn futures is more complex, so analyzing these factors that is very difficult. In this paper, China's consumer confidence index and consumer price index are selected as variables of the rational expectations so that the econometric model is created in multiple regression by EViews software. Finally, this paper forecasts the future developing trend of corn futures price, and it would have certain theoretical meaning and realistic significance. Keywordscorn futures price; development trend; multiple regression model

In order to improve the shortcomings of the realization of the traditional quadratic curve interpolation inscribed chord method, this paper proposes an improved internal chord interpolation algorithm. The program flow chart of the algorithm achievement and the interpolation method of circular arc interpolation and linear interpolation of a detailed operation process is given in this paper. Finally through a calculation example the simulation is conducted, and the point by point comparison method were compared. The simulation results show the improvement on the quadratic curve interpolation in the inner string interpolation speed, good flexibility, and it worth popularizing in the interpolation algorithm for real time interpolation. Keywords- quadratic curve interpolation; improved chord line interpolation; point by point comparison method; the study on simulation

The Passive Location of Emitter based on Fuzzy Method.[Purpos The use of passive observation station to achieve the precise location has been an important topic of monitoring the electromagnetic spectrum resources and the environment. In order to locate the emitter accurately, a new method called fuzzy method is presented in this papers. [MethoBased on the distribution of points of intersections that are figured out by the LOB(Lines of Bearing), the paper put forward a fuzzy method for the passive location of emitter based on membership function to achieve the location of emitter. We compared this method with Pages method using 100 sets experimental data through the Monte Carlo simulated experiment. [Result The results showed that this method can effectively achieve the location of emitter, and improve the location accuracy. [Conclusion The positioning precision of this algorithm is obviously superior to Pages algorithm.

The paper introduces a device linkage system on firewall between the network side and the switch side of user host, and introduces the audit system connected in parallel between the hubs and switches. Then, the paper introduces a method based on HTTP packet recognition network security device linkage, which is a technology of information security intrusion detection and prevention based on the network. It is mainly used to solve the existing network security equipment linkage blocking technology limitation poor problem. Finally, the test result shows that the method is practical and effective.