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1. The Object Lesson: Evolution and Transformation of a Didactic Method in Global Pedagogy

Author

Matteo Morandi

Abstract

The "object lesson" is a particular teaching method that was widespread in Europe and the westernised world during the nineteenth century, which was variously adapted according to national contexts under the name of "Anschauungsunterricht, leçon de choses, lezione di cose, and lección de cosas." Based on the intuitive (sometimes known as natural) method, it established itself as a direct product of Pestalozzi's pedagogy, although its genealogy has been reconstructed differently from country to country. This makes it an interesting case of translation and transformation in education or, perhaps, simply an example of "maquillage" motivated by revanchism. The aim, in general, is to introduce abstract ideas to infant and primary school pupils through the observation of concrete objects. The leading theorists (the early followers of Pestalozzi in Germany and England, the educationalist Marie Pape-Carpentier in France, the Italian and Spanish positivists, etc.), gave it, in most cases, the form of a maternal conversation, where adults and children prompt each other with questions and answers. Many school programmes have given it a place in the curriculum, others have maintained it in freer and more spontaneous forms. This paper offers, on the basis of the most recent literature, an analysis of the different national traditions, using the main pedagogical dictionaries published in Europe in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Published
2024
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2. IFLA General Conference, 1984. Collections and Services Division. Sections on Acquisitions and Exchange, Interlending, Rare and Precious Books, and Serials Publications. Papers.

Author

International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).

Abstract

Papers on library acquisitions, special collections development, and special training for serials librarianship, presented at the 1984 IFLA general conference, include: (1) "The Development of the African Collection at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London and Its Importance for the Cultural History of African Countries" (B. C. Bloomfield, United Kingdom); (2) "Planning Union Catalogues of Books in Developing Countries" (Richard J. Bennett and Maurice B. Line, United Kingdom); (3) "Supply of Literature from and about Africa in Europe with Special Regard to Interlibrary Loan in the Federal Republic of Germany" (Irmstraud D. Wolcke-Renk, West Germany); (4) "Education and Training for Work with Serials" (David P. Woodworth, United Kingdom); (5) "Education for Serials Librarianship: What Are the Basic Components?" (Michael E. D. Koenig, United States); (6) "Serials of the Poor: Their Nature, Importance, Problems, and Suggested Solutions" (Theophilus E. Mlaki, Tanzania); (7) "Acquisition of Library Material in Kenya: Problems and Prospects" (Joshua Reuben Njuguna, Kenya); (8) "Acquisitions in the Developing Countries--Problems and Possible Solutions: The Jamaican Experience" (Stephney W. L. Ferguson, Jamaica); (9) "Theory and Practice of Serials Control and How Your Subscription Agent Can Help" (Arnoud De Kemp, Netherlands); (10) "The British Library's African Research Collections and the Development of African Studies" (I. R. Willison, United Kingdom); (11) "Les Relations d' Echanges entre les Bibliotheques d'Afrique Francophone et la Bibliotheque Nationale de Paris" (Exchange Agreements Between the Libraries of Francophone Africa and the National Library in Paris) (Anne Zundel Ben Khemis); and (12) "The Problems of African Acquisitions: The Experience of the Nairobi Field Office of the Library of Congress" (James C. Armstrong, Kenya). (THC)

Published
1984

3. EUDISED Data Network Group Meeting. Working Papers.

Author

Council of Europe, Strasbourg (France).

Abstract

Developments in EUDISED (European Documentation and Information System for Education) during the period 1986-1987 in Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Italy, the Netherlands, and Switzerland are outlined in this report, and information is provided on both online use of the EUDISED database and the distribution by country of contributions to the database. The attitude of Czechoslovakia toward its participation in the EUDISED data network is described, and recent activities of the International Bureau of Education are summarized. The distribution of data by terminograph (subject) for issues 25-30 of the EUDISED R&D (Research and Development) Bulletin is also given. Three of the nine brief working papers included in this report are in French; six are in English. (Author/EW)

Published
1987

4. Acces en Conversationnel au Fichier World Transindex. [Online Access to the World Transindex File].

Author

Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm (Sweden). Library., Pelissier, Denise, and Mallet, Monorama

Abstract

A database providing bibliographic information and the source for translations of scientific and technical literature from Eastern Europe and Asia into western languages, World Transindex includes the information which was published until 1977 in the World Index of Scientific Translations, Transatom Bulletin, and Bulletin of Translations. It was established in January 1978 using the PASCAL system of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), which permits the publication of indexes by photocomposition as well as online searching. Since 1975, the Center of Scientific and Technical Documentation of CNRS has had online access to its own file of translations; in 1978, searching was extended to the World Transindex file. Other available translations prior to 1974 are available through SELECTO. Currently under study are the provision of selective dissemination of information (SDI) services based on profiles of interests, and, eventually, languages, e.g., chemistry in English or French, and the establishment of World Transindex in the Information Retrieval Service (IRS) of the European Space Agency (ASE). This paper provides brief descriptions of the database, online searching procedures, and studies on the use of CRISTAL for information retrieval and the relocation of World Transindex to IRS/ASE. (BBM)

Published
1979

5. Le francais a l'est de l'Europe (French in Eastern Europe).

Author

Ploquin, Francoise

Abstract

The popularity of French second language instruction, the rebirth of bilingual education, and efforts to establish links with French industry locating in Eastern Europe offer an example to France. It is clear that Eastern Europe views bilingualism as a means of revitalizing the region's role in the European community. (MSE)

Published
1991