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Spectacle, once a key term for critical theories, has had limited theoretical development in recent decades. To make sure the concept remains relevant today, this paper turns to actor-network theory (ANT) and assemblage theories to reconceptualize what the spectacle is and how it operates today. Working with a case study of a controversial urban spectacle in southern Chile – a new shopping mall, the "Mall Paseo Chiloé" – this paper explores a set of findings that illustrate what these approaches have to offer. First, in viewing the spectacle as a hybrid entity, we uncover vital forces inside what might at first appear to be irrelevant features of the building's architectural design. At the same time, this approach includes the forces of ambivalent desire and fluidity that reveal the dynamics of resistance inside that same design. As such, this paper focuses on a specific aspect of this building that makes it a unique form of counter-spectacle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we propose a novel controller architecture and design for the automatic control of agricultural mobile robots to be used in farms and greenhouses. There are two novelties of this study. The first novelty is a completely new type of controller architecture proposed in which reference inputs and measured outputs are fed separately independent from each other to the controller. The controller architecture currently used in the literature uses only the difference between reference and measurement which is the error signal. The proposed architecture in this study is completely novel in the sense that not only the error information is used in the controller but also the information in reference inputs and information in measured outputs are used separately. This means a completely new type of look to control system by utilizing the information maximally in order to achieve superior performance. This performance boost is shown in the paper where the proposed architecture achieves up to 2000% better performance compared with state-of-the-art controllers. Second, controller architecture is grown to a complex structure from an initially simple PID structure. Using the maximal information comes with the cost of computational complexity to design the controller. The second novelty of growing the controller from initially simple PID equivalent controller tackles this difficulty by making the problem tractable and efficient to compute. This way the proposed novel controller can be designed within minutes in a commercially available laptop computer. The proposed controller is tested on a simulated agricultural mobile robot and results are compared with a previous state-of-the-art optimal controller. It is believed that the proposed architecture will be dominant in future automatic controllers and make current state-of-the-art controllers obsolete. This is because of the full utilization of information in controller design which results in robust disturbance rejection performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public buildings that house large populations are easy targets for terrorist attacks, the primary issue of architectural blast-resistant design is how to get blast loads on the surface of structures, and the shapes of blast waves and buildings both have important effects on it. In this paper, experiments and numerical simulations were carried out on blast loads on the surface of the cylindrical shell. blast loads, detonation products, and blast waves were well recorded and simulated, blast loads at the edge of cylindrical shells were attenuated by about 75%, and vortex rings were accidentally photographed nearby. blast loads are much affected by the location of the detonation point, charge shape, and charge size. The original shape of structures rather than deformation determines the distribution of blast loads, the air viscosity also needs to be scaled when using a scaled model to test blast loads. Experimental and simulation methods can offer a reference for building a standard database of blast loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) provides advanced mathematical frameworks and algorithms for further innovation and vitality of classical civil engineering (CE). Plenty of complex, time-consuming, and laborious workloads of design, construction, and inspection can be enhanced and upgraded by emerging AI techniques. In addition, many unsolved issues and unknown laws in the field of CE can be addressed and discovered by physical machine learning via merging the data paradigm with physical laws. Intelligent science and technology in CE profoundly promote the current level of informatization, digitalization, autonomation, and intellectualization. To this end, this paper provides a systematic review and summarizes the state-of-the-art progress of AI in CE for the entire life cycle of civil structures and infrastructure, including intelligent architectural design, intelligent structural health diagnosis, intelligent disaster prevention and reduction. A series of examples for intelligent architectural art shape design, structural topology optimization, computer-vision-based structural damage recognition, correlation-pattern-based structural condition assessment, machine-learning-enhanced reliability analysis, vision-based earthquake disaster evaluation, and dense displacement monitoring of structures under wind and earthquake, are given. Finally, the prospects of intelligent science and technology in future CE are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extra-terrestrial infrastructure design and architecture are experiencing a resurgence due to the prospect of permanent human presence on celestial bodies such as our moon and Mars. There, the conditions and constraints within which structural design and assembly should be developed are extreme – for example, scarcity of processed structural material, labour, machinery and imports from Earth. Consequently, the guiding design principles for building off-Earth should include efficient In-Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU) and reusability. Significantly, these aspects have striking similarities to some characteristics of our vernacular construction history on Earth, such as inherent material efficiency and use of local materials. The majority of contemporary proposals for off-Earth design concern 3D-printed monolithic structures which are not reusable nor reconfigurable. As a result, there is scope for developing component-based, recyclable infrastructure which is based on efficient ISRU. In this research paper, we propose a two-fold assembly and structural design methodology which synthesises three-dimensional geometries in static equilibrium and vernacular construction techniques for deriving scaffoldless, component-based structures. This framework is underpinned by the development of a bespoke mechanically interlocking system which enables mortarless construction. This minimises the need for importing material binders and maximises the reconfigurability and reusability of off-Earth infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout 2018/2019, The Futures Lab, Inc. (TFL) was commissioned to undertake a comprehensive foresight study on the potential futures for universities in Norway. For the most part, the project followed the full, TFL comprehensive six-stage foresight process and a number of customized approaches that leveraged the specificities of the Norwegian Education System. The foresight project covered two future time horizons, namely 2025 to 2030 and 2031 to 2040. Rather than focus here on the Future of the University project itself, this paper considers five experimental foresight methods that produced an extra edge to the creative inputs to this project and delivered some unexpected and critical insights that became decisive platforms and framing cues for the ultimate seven futures scenarios that were delivered, and for which strategies and action plans were created. The term experimental foresight is interpreted as freeform thinking, testing the boundaries, incorporating unorthodox, disparate approaches, tools, artifacts and environment, and real-time improvization, it is about testing new techniques and repurposing and updating older ones. Experimental foresight is closely allied with and some would claim often indistinguishable from experiential futures, which has become prominent within foresight. We distinguish the two insomuch that experiential refers to the way the foresight is conducted, whereas experimental is what is conducted. The paper describes the five experimental foresight methods and techniques based upon theory, practice and proprietary development processes, reflecting various approaches to creative thinking. The paper outlines the design and architecture of each method as well as how it was applied to the Future of the University project, the outcomes, values and benefits. Where appropriate examples of the outcomes have been used to explain or underpin the purpose and benefits of the method under discussion. The methods selected are always harmonized with the more linear, mathematical and modeling applied in the practice of foresight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From ancient times, the traditional architectural practice 'Vastusastra' is rigidly followed and practised in many parts of the Indian sub-continent and has a unique position in Indian architecture. In Indian traditional domestic architecture, a hand calculator table and an index number system are used for finding the proportion and orientation of the building. The mathematical and logical background of this traditional practice, which is not known at present, is investigated in this paper. The study reveals that there is a strong and complex mathematical background behind this traditional architectural practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only through understanding why concrete shells' loss in popularity over the course of modern history can designers be equipped with the skills to create and apply this type of construction. Through modifications to design processes, construction stages, material understanding and relevant formwork improvements will architects and designers be able to meet the demands of the 21st century and beyond. To understand why concrete shells are no longer commonly built is to understand its construction process. An amorphous material, the fundamental relationship between formwork and the resultant concrete shell needs to be raised, appreciated, understood and analyzed for a holistic understanding of concrete shells. Through understanding this, issues and factors affecting concrete shells can be tackled and designed out in reviving this type of structures because they can be efficient in structural performance, economical in cost and provide high aesthetic value. This paper discusses concrete shells as an architectural solution by asking the question to what constituted their popularity and factors that led to their demise in the modern age of technological advancement, construction process and environmental concerns. This paper presents a cultural perspective and an overview of seminal, historical and contemporary concrete shells so as to bring about a renaissance of such structures in our built environment once again because of all the benefits it can offer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a research project, which explores Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) as a source of inspiration for the design of interior architectural envelopes. TPMS are a large family of surfaces that are not yet fully discovered. This work begins by identifying the members of this family which geometrical characteristics and growth patterns show potential for applications in interior architecture; this selection is made by means of a geometric analysis of these surfaces. The central part of the paper proposes three alternative manufacturing techniques for built approximations of TPMS: ruled surfaces, discrete surfaces and warped surfaces. These were then tested in the development of three modular systems of perforated and permeable surfaces, which were designed using simple construction methods intended to be replicable in different contexts. The components of the systems were manufactured with recyclable and recycled materials (i.e. waste products) and employing local tools and technical resources. The results of this research aim to highlight and explore the formal and geometric benefits of TPMS in the design of architectural components. The main advantages identified in the proposed systems relate to acoustic properties, structural performance and constructional process. It is suggested that the contributions of this research can be used both for educational purposes within academia and commercial purposes in future developments of the systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present paper is to introduce a new approach in generating the geometry of geodesic domes with the aim of improving their regularity. The key aspect of the proposed technique is that the operation of projection on spherical surfaces, for creation of geodesic domes, is carried out in a number of steps. This is in variance with the normal practice of applying the projection in one go. The application of projection in a series of steps is referred to as the 'stepping projection'. In the paper, the regularity of a number of geodesic domes generated by the stepping projection is compared with the standard ones. Regularity is examined based on different criteria, making it possible for the regularity to be assessable quantitatively. It will be shown that the use of the concept of stepping projection can improve certain aspects of the regularity of geodesic domes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper structures that actively use bending as a self-forming process are reviewed. By bringing together important material developments and various historical as well as recently built samples of such structures, the aim is to show coherences in their design approach, structural systems and behaviour. Different approaches to bending-active structures are defined and described. By making this work accessible and categorising it, this paper aims to contribute to an emerging development.A differentiation of such structures is suggested based on their design approaches. Three such approaches are differentiated: the behaviour based approach, the geometry based approach and current research that seeks to integrate the two. In this paper the nature of these approaches and some important project samples are discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, analytic discussions on the out-of-plane instability of paunch bars of beam/truss-string structures are put forward with seven basic models simplified. This is useful for a preliminary recognition of the importance of constituting a stable lower cable-bar system. Manual calculation of shape determination of lower nodes of vertical paunch bars is proposed. It is assumed that all paunch bars are vertical or perpendicular to the line connected two ends of the upper beam/truss. Hopefully the work presented in this paper could benefit the further research work and practical engineering on beam/truss-string structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite a burgeoning literature on mobilities in general and cycling in particular as a transport, leisure, and political practice, there remains a lack of research on cycling in pedestrian public spaces. There is, however, a substantial body of literature in relation to skateboarding in public spaces which with few exceptions theorises it as resistant to preexisting dominant design codes and social norms. Using the example of London's South Bank this paper focuses on the urban cycling practices of bike trials and BMX in order to illustrate that these practices are perhaps not as 'resistant' as previous accounts have argued. Whilst accounts of skateboarding have tended to draw upon a body-architecture dialectics and subcultural theory, using ethnographic methods this paper discusses the practice and reception of display, sociality, and authority inherent in these public performances. In doing so the paper demonstrates that these styles of riding largely perform the social and cultural norms enshrined in the redevelopment of the South Bank. The result is a performed reading of these practices and spaces which sees power as always becoming. In line with this, the paper also questions the logic of current strategies which seek to displace riders and skaters to peripheral 'private' skate parks based on an erroneous reading of such practices as always resistant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid structures, in general, combine different structural elements or materials. In the context of the present paper, the combination of tensile structures and elastic members (bending active elements) and its effects on the mechanical description of the design process of such structures are discussed. A von-Mises-truss example is used to elaborate the underlying problem of choosing the "correct" reference configuration and the resulting differences between the presented approaches. For lightweight hybrid structures the implications on modelling aspects as well as the structural behaviour are discussed. The developed methods are applied to a real-scale umbrella structure which is part of an on-going research project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the structural reinforcement of elastic gridshells by interconnecting several gridshells together. Reference for the present investigation is taken from the composite (GFRP) gridshell structure built for the Forum of the Solidays music festival in Paris in 2011. The principle of interconnection is illustrated with various structures which are generated using numerical toolbox developed by the laboratory for the automatic meshing of free-forms structures on Rhino. Then the effect of the interconnection on the structural behaviour is briefly discussed based on elementary loading cases. Finally, the feasibility of the concept as well as its architectural and morphological potential is show by the construction of a double gridshell prototype. The authors conclude on the possible future developments of such morphologies which could give interesting and unexpected architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Active bending introduces a new level of integration into the design of architectural structures, and opens up new complexities for the architectural design process. In particular, the introduction of material variation reconfigures the design space. Through the precise specification of their stiffness, it is possible to control and pre-calibrate the bending behaviour of a composite element. This material capacity challenges architecture's existing methods for design, specification and prediction. In this paper, we demonstrate how architects might connect the designed nature of composites with the design of bending-active structures, through computational strategies. We report three built structures that develop architecturally oriented design methods for bending-active systems using composite materials. These projects demonstrate the application and limits of the introduction of advanced engineering simulation into an architectural workflow, and the extension of architecture's existing physics-based approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new computational framework based on Thrust Network Analysis (TNA) for the design of funicular structures. Fast and robust solving algorithms enable the interactive exploration of these constrained structural systems. By giving explicit, bidirectional control over the internal force distribution and overall geometry to the designer, free exploration of these statically highly indeterminate systems is made possible. The equilibrium of funicular compression networks is represented by reciprocal diagrams, which visually express the force dependencies between different parts of the structure. By modifying these diagrams in real-time, the designer is able to explore novel and expressive vaulted geometries that are blurring the difference between shapes associated to typical compression-only forms, obtained e.g. with hanging networks, and freeform surface structures. The power of this framework for design is demonstrated by a user-friendly software implementation, which has been used to design and build a freeform, thin-tile masonry vault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this paper is to explore important considerations when planning an acute mental health inpatient unit. Conclusions: Planning a mental health acute inpatient facility should be about more than just building a beautiful, fabulous facility. A novel architectural design, fancy gadgets, safe tapware, new lounge suites, good light and air circulation are all incredibly important and good architects and designers can inform us about new developments in architecture and design that we must incorporate in our design plans. However, to design a facility that is right for tomorrow, it is also important to spend time trying to understand what happens in the facility and how the new facility is going to make things different and better. Planning of a health facility should be about creating an environment that is not only pleasant, comfortable and safe but also one that would enable and facilitate better care. It is important to map processes before rather than after building a facility, so that this process mapping can inform design and we do not keep falling into the trap of building a beautiful new facility but losing the opportunity to make care better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper provides an overview of the available literature on architectural wayfinding design for people with dementia in nursing homes. The results were to be summarized and substantiated through an interdisciplinary interpretation, taking into account changes in the orientation process of people with dementia. Background: Spatial disorientation and declining wayfinding abilities are among the early symptoms of dementia, limiting a person's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) independently and ultimately, perhaps leading to institutionalization. A prerequisite to maintaining residents' quality of life in a nursing home is their ability to orient themselves within their new environment. Approach: The available literature on wayfinding design for people with dementia in nursing homes was reviewed. Two aspects of interventions for residents' wayfinding abilities were identified: the design of the floor plan typology and environmental cues. Results: The design of the physical environment plays a major role in supporting the wayfinding abilities of people with dementia. The floor plan design of a nursing home in particular has a significant influence on residents spatial orientation and wayfinding. Additional interventions such as signage, furnishing lighting, and colors are additional supporting features but they cannot compensate for an adverse architectural design. Conclusions: For the creation of a supportive, dementia-friendly environment, both aspects of architectural design must be considered. Design guidelines to support the way finding abilities of people with dementia were developed to synthesize both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies on the economic significance of creativity have emphasized the role that quality of life plays in attracting talent to cities. In these studies, quality of life is seen in terms of its role in enhancing consumption. In this paper we build on a corpus of literature that considers how quality of life attributes can enhance creative production. On the basis of a study of fashion and graphic designers in Montréal, we consider the role played by material factors, such as loft-style buildings, low-cost rents, mixed-use zoning, and public space, in nurturing and supporting creativity in one of Montréal's off-beat neighborhoods. We argue that these conditions cultivate creative production by enabling a set of artistic practices and diverse encounters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is surprising that, despite widespread interest in the cultural industries, few questions have been asked about the geographies of learning and innovation in architecture. Particularly relevant to global architects are debates about the way stretched relational spaces and 'global' communities of practice connect individuals, firms, and regions into networks of learning that 'perforate' scales. This paper seeks to apply such debates to the case of global architects and to examine the spatiality of the practices that allow learning and lead to innovation in their work. It is shown that global architects participate in 'local' communities of practice that rely on face-to-face interaction, talk, and 'buzz'. These 'local' communities are also part of 'global' constellations of practice constructed by forms of circulation: in particular, travel by architects and the circulation of texts and images in the media, which facilitate learning through human-nonhuman interactions. It is, therefore, suggested that in order to more effectively analyse the geographies of learning and innovation—in architecture but also other industries-focus needs to fall on (1) the geography of talk/buzz and communities of practice; but also (2) the geography of human-nonhuman interactions that form constellations of practice. Such a focus reveals that apparently local communities of practice are more often than not connected into global spaces of learning and innovation through constellations of practice produced by nonhumans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of design of a structure should satisfy the rules of structural design, as well as, the personal preferences of the designer. The rules of structural design are based on structural mechanics and are well established. However, there is no well defined method of dealing with the features of design that are dependent on the personal view and preferences of the designer. The purpose of this paper is to present a method for dealing with such features of structural design. This is achieved through the concept of 'desirability factors'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fabric, materiality, tissue, construction, sculpture, silhouette, model. The convergent vocabularies and practices of both fashion and architectural design are argued to offer important insights into the relational geographies of the contemporary city. The temporalities, techniques, rhythms, and spaces of fashion and architecture might be intuitively imagined as starkly different-the first fast, pliable, delicate, and embodied; the second slow, solid, rigid, permanent. However, 1 suggest that both practices are centrally engaged in the creation of urban environments that question our notions of time, space, form, fit, interactivity, and mobility. Focusing on a number of fashion projects, including Chanel, Prada, Lucy Orta, and Comme des Garcons, the paper explores the ways in which the architecture of fashion is centrally concerned with questions of colour, sensory experience, transience, display, and erasure. New fashion spaces offer transformative possibilities for the ways in which we inhabit and understand the built urban form. They reveal the limits and possibilities of materiality and open up a physical and metaphorical space through which to revision the politics of consumption. Boldly, perhaps, I suggest that this exercise in disciplinary boundary crossing has the potential to transform the way in which we envision accommodation, habitation, interaction, space, and the city, creating and sustaining our wider social landscape and revealing new desires and possibilities for progressive and socially inclusive urban design, polity, and policy. In short, to unite in a mutual desire to design a world that is a better place in which to live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in the digital arena have provided additional tools for the exploration of architectural designs and testing of architectural ideas. New tools based on parametric modeling allow architects and engineers to investigate designs of generative forms and surfaces of previously unseen complexity. The latest developments in rapid prototyping and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) techniques offer new means of studying the tectonics and spatial qualities of structures with complex geometry, yet these "free-form" geometries, if they are ever to be realized, must respect the constraints of structural and constructional realities. This paper presents a userfriendly approach to the adjustment of digitally generated forms at the conceptual stage of architectural design. Adjustment is performed with the aim of improving structural performance, constructional efficiency, and feasibility of fabrication without radically changing the architectural intent. Structural performance is enhanced by fine-tuning the geometry, while constructional and fabrication efficiency is enhanced by developing mass-customized joints and members with adjustable lengths, capable of supporting a "free-form." The approach is tested in the architectural curricula as a design studio assignment for a canopy for the Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, China, which has recently been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports facilities for Olympic Games and other events are constructed all over the world. These buildings require a larger and larger space for operation, which is characterized by long span, lightweight and variable forms. Various forms of spatial structures proved to be a rational and effective form to serve the purpose. In the paper, the modern developments of Olympic structures employing double layer grids, cable-suspended and membrane structures in China are reviewed. The illustrated examples show the impact of the advanced technique from outside and innovations on its own effort. In addition, three main structures for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, i.e. the National Stadium, the National Aquatic Center and the National Indoor Stadium are discussed. It is expected that a large amount of construction on sports buildings for Olympic Games etc. will be done in China. Through Olympic structures, the interflow and cooperation between China and the world will further flourish in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new perspective on the analysis of fabric structures - the concept that material testing and computational mechanics are mutually dependent and, by implication, not to be considered as independent. Current representations of fabric stress-strain behaviour are based on plane-stress assumptions, and tend to simplify the available data (e.g. use of secant elastic moduli). Young's moduli and Poisson's ratios were determined for each test so as to provide the best fit plane to the scattered data points. These planar representations provided limited correlation with test data. The elastic constants do not comply with plane stress theory since coated woven fabrics are not homogeneous materials: they are composites with the interaction of orthogonal yarns making them act as a constrained mechanism. A new approach to incorporating fabric test data in structural analysis is proposed here: use of direct correlation between pairs of stresses and strains. This avoids the inherent approximation in defining elastic constants or other parameters to quantify the fabric behaviour. A simple triangular interpolation scheme is recommended which is robust and avoids the risk of unreliable interpolation and extrapolation when using a functional representation of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold-formed steel sections are often designed and built to act compositely with other constructional materials, particularly with wood and cementitious materials in order to improve their structural performance. This paper reviews some recent developments in composite applications of cold-formed steel sections in the U.K., and presents a number of design recommendations for these forms of structures in residential buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preliminary design of a practical spherical cable dome with a diameter of 122m was carried out in China Construction (Shenzhen) Design International (CCDI) in 2006. Stiff roof (roof system with steel purlins and metallic skin) has been chosen for the project of a multifunctional gymnasium in preference to a flexible membrane (PTFE, ETFE). In the present paper the whole structural design procedure of this real cable dome is described: load conditions, technical conditions required by performance based structural design, a novel force finding method-linear deduction method, optimal analysis of feasible initial internal force level, load analysis, nonlinear buckling analysis, cable breaking simulation, and construction animation. Technical details of joint design are also given out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors take as their focus the advice on interior design and decoration that Singapore's Housing Development Board (HDB) distributed to residents as part of its programme of universal housing provision. Through a series of regular articles appearing in the HDB publication Our Home (1972-1989), readers were presented with stories that showed how selected HDB residents decorated their newly acquired highrise flats. The authors detail the relationship between this design advice and the commitment to modernist design principles, the self-conscious pragmatism of the HDB, and the reliance on a limited market logic ('homeownership'). The HDB's vision of the benefit of its highrise housing programme was, from the outset, complexly entangled with cultivating individual investments in the home by way of interior design and decoration practices. The paper contributes not only to the specific story of Singaporean housing, but also to wider scholarship on modernism, the everyday practices of interior design, and housing consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets out a principle for a façade element which can be deformed in shape. By using a flexible structure with sliding steel cables, hollow pipes and cylindrical inflatable tubes, which together form a woven pattern, a 3D freedom of deformability results. The shape of the façade element can be manipulated and deformed as one desires. By studying the structure of the human skin, a structural pattern was discovered and translated into a constructive principle. The façade element can have single curved and double curved surfaces, both concave and convex. The deformations can be manipulated at will by the use of an internal cable, woven in the original pattern. Moreover the different elements in the structure are constantly in equilibrium with each other. Through this, great freedom in form is achieved. This principle will create many new possibilities in architectural design. To show the possibilities, a design for a museum, which mainly is determined in form by a corridor, is made. The corridor can adapt in volume and cross section when passengers walk through. The adapting volume can react on the number of people and the speed of walking by a sophisticated system at the supports. This way the corridor has a living expression for outside observers. In the corridor the passengers will experience their passage like walking in a bulge which guides them through the narrow corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guidelines for the design of footbridges is the title of a fibreport that was just published in December 2005. This paper highlights some of the aspects that are treated in the guidelines and elaborates on the conceptual design of footbridges using three examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I examine the growing trend in commercial office development of the use of globally operative ‘signature’ architects, famed design leaders who are sought out and contracted to provide design products in cities far from their head office. The engagement of two leading international design firms—Renzo Piano Building Workshop and Foster and Partners—by Australian developers for new Sydney office towers (Aurora Place and 126 Phillip Street, respectively) is analyzed in detail. I identify three areas where the design of office buildings is seen to make a commercial difference: in lubricating the planning-approval process in sensitive urban contexts; in adding value to the building through reconciling urban context and architectural form with commercial development rationalities; and in selling the interior space of the building to prospective commercial tenants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts to work towards the rematerialisation of landscape have recently been augmented by concerns for corporeal, nonrepresentational dimensions of landscape experience as well as for nonhuman agency. Increasingly, landscape is conceptualised as a never-finished product of processes and practices that are both material and symbolic. Although such trends are reflected to some extent in work on landscape in colonial contexts, in this paper I contend that a closer engagement with these new directions may offer a useful means of breathing new life into colonial landscapes that, in some scholarly work, appear to have little existence beyond European representations that were made of them. Arguing for a conception of colonial landscape as process, I suggest that there is a need not only for recognising the material and corporeal dimensions of European experiences of colonial landscapes but also for attending to the ways in which those landscapes were brought into being and given meaning through the frequently mundane and locally focused activities of everyday life. Following a brief review of recent work on colonial landscapes, these suggestions are explored in the context of Spanish encounters with landscape in early colonial Peru. Initially focusing on accounts produced between the eve of conquest and the mid-16th century, the analysis then shifts to a legal battle that was fought in the early 17th century between two priests who occupied neighbouring parishes in the highland province of Huarochirí. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interior thermal insulation system based on hydrophilic mineral wool is presented in this paper. Basic thermal and hygric parameters of the applied materials are given. The design and development of the thermal insulation system including its verification in semiscale experiments are described. Finally, an example of the application of the designed system in the reconstruction of a historical building in Prague is shown, and the results of in situ experiments are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]