1. Paper spray screening and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry confirmation for medication adherence testing: A two‐step process.
- Author
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Costa, Catia, Frampas, Cecile, Longman, Katherine A., Palitsin, Vladimir, Ismail, Mahado, Sears, Patrick, Nilforooshan, Ramin, and Bailey, Melanie J.
- Subjects
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PATIENT compliance , *MASS spectrometry , *LIQUID chromatography , *DRUGS of abuse , *MASS spectrometers , *ELECTROSPRAY ionization mass spectrometry , *EXTRACTION techniques , *LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry - Abstract
Rationale: Paper spray offers a rapid screening test without the need for sample preparation. The incomplete extraction of paper spray allows for further testing using more robust, selective and sensitive techniques such as liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Here we develop a two‐step process of paper spray followed by LC/MS to (1) rapidly screen a large number of samples and (2) confirm any disputed results. This demonstrates the applicability for testing medication adherence from a fingerprint. Methods: Following paper spray analysis, drugs of abuse samples were analysed using LC/MS. All analyses were completed using a Q Exactive™ Plus Orbitrap™ mass spectrometer. This two‐step procedure was applied to fingerprints collected from patients on a maintained dose of the antipsychotic drug quetiapine. Results: The extraction efficiency of paper spray for two drugs of abuse and metabolites was found to be between 15 and 35% (analyte dependent). For short acquisition times, the extraction efficiency was found to vary between replicates by less than 30%, enabling subsequent analysis by LC/MS. This two‐step process was then applied to fingerprints collected from two patients taking the antipsychotic drug quetiapine, which demonstrates how a negative screening result from paper spray can be resolved using LC/MS. Conclusions: We have shown for the first time the sequential analysis of the same sample using paper spray and LC/MS, as well as the detection of an antipsychotic drug from a fingerprint. We propose that this workflow may also be applied to any type of sample compatible with paper spray, and will be especially convenient where only one sample is available for analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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