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(1) Background--In 2021, the forest chief system was fully implemented nationwide. Under this background, how to embed the forest-chief system into the forest resources management system in the state-owned forest areas and fully realize the comprehensive efficiency of forest supervision and protection policies has become an important issue in the forest areas at present. (2) Methods--Based on the field investigation of some typical forestry enterprises in the key state-owned forest areas, this paper systematically analyzed the forest resources management practice after the reform in the key state-owned forest areas at the present stage, summarized the new challenges faced by the forest resources management mechanism after the implementation of the forest chief system, and on this basis, put forward policy suggestions to help the forest chief system to be embedded in the forest resources management system in the key state-owned forest areas. (3) Results--First, the forest chief system was carried out in the key state-owned forest areas, and the state-owned forest industry enterprises were incorporated into the local forest chief system through the organization of personnel. Second, the managers in different state-owned forest industry enterprises served as forest chiefs in different forms. Among them, the enterprise managers of China Longjiang Forest Industry Group Co., Ltd., Yichun Forest Industry Group and Daxing' anling Forestry Group participated in the forest chief system by serving as deputy forest chief of their respective counties (cities or districts). The managers of Jilin Forest Industry Group Co., Ltd.and Changbai Mountain Forest Industry Group served as the general forest chief of their respective forestry bureaus in accordance with the county-level forest chief system. As one of the six major areas of responsibility under the forest chief system in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Forest Industry Group appointed deputy forest chief to manage forest resources. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--The implementation of forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas faces a series of challenges. First, in the process of realizing the policy goal of forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas, the forest resources management in the forest areas needs to be systematically integrated in the goal setting. Second, under the background of the overall implementation of forest chief system, the forest resources management in the key state-owned forest areas has a pattern of "dual-track and parallel". Third, the coordination mechanism of forest resources management under the forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas is not perfect, including the government-enterprises coordination mechanism and the social participation mechanism. Based on the above analysis, the following policy suggestions are put forward. First, promote the integration of forest resources management objectives based on the reality of the key state-owned forest areas. Second, develop a list of forest chief powers to clarify the boundaries of responsibilities and powers of forest resources management under the forest chief system. Third, accelerate the establishment of the working mechanism of forest resources management under the forest chief system. In short, when promoting the forest resources management under the forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas, the appeals of the central government, local governments, forest industry enterprises, forest residents and other parties must be comprehensively considered, the work objectives of the forest chief system must be clearly defined, the work content of the forest chief system must be enriched, and the objectives of integrating ecological benefits, social benefits and economic benefits must be formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

⑴ Background——After 20 years of the implementation of the natural forests protection project and the reform of separating government functions from enterprise management, the regional positioning and social economic system of the state-owned forest regions in Northeast China have undergone profound changes. But there are still some key problems and challenges in the future reform of the state-owned forest regions in Northeast China. ⑵ Methods——According to the data obtained by the research group during the field survey of forest industry enterprises in Inner Mongolia in 2021,and the micro-survey data of forestry workers' families obtained from the “Monitoring of People's Livelihood in Key State-owned Forest Regions” survey project (2012-2021) jointly carried out by National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China and Northeast Forestry University, this paper summarizes the reform achievements and realistic tasks of the state-owned forest regions in Northeast China. ⑶ Results——First, the state-owned forest industry enterprises are the main bodies to undertake the ecological services purchased by the government, and are engaged in the protection, cultivation and restoration of natural forests. It reflects their “public welfare” attribute as the public welfare state-owned enterprises and achieves the government's goal of pursuing ecological benefits. Second, the state-owned forest industry enterprises develop forest carbon sinks, forest biomass energy, forest food with ecological identification and other emerging green industries, which promote the realization of the value of ecological products. It reflects their “profit-driven” attribute as the public welfare state-owned enterprises and achieves the enterprises' goal of pursuing economic benefits. Third, the state-owned forest industry enterprises have improved the well-being of the forestry communities by providing stable employments and income channels for the workers. It reflects their “social responsibility” attribute as the public welfare state-owned enterprises and achieves the state-owned forest regions' goal of pursuing social benefits. In the new historical period, the key of the state-owned forest regions in Northeast China to accomplish the above tasks is to transform from forest dependence to the realization of ecological products value. The following six key problems needed to be solved to accomplish the above realistic tasks: the organizational structures and the management ideas is not adaptable, the motivation mechanisms and the industrial layouts is not clear, the reform of property rights and the use of forest lands is not flexible, the surplus workers and the new positions is not matched, the forests economy and the people's affluence and the enterprises' development is not unified, the protection of resources and the improvement of well-beings isn't coordinated. ⑷ Suggestion——First, each forest industry group should carry out the withdrawal and merge of the state-owned forest industry enterprises according to its actual situation, replace forest farms with ecological management stations in the state-owned forest industry enterprises, and establish a new type of community and a new community governance system in the state-owned forest regions. Second, the existing state-owned forest industry enterprises continue to be classified, some enterprises provide ecological services and ecological products, the other enterprises participate in the market competition to realize the marketization of the value of ecological products. Third, establish a sustainable utilization mechanism of the state-owned forest lands that adapts to different development stages, including woodland supply mechanism, woodland utilization mechanism and income distribution mechanism. Fourth, formulate relevant policies for talented persons oriented to the modern management systems. Fifth, adopt and promote the “company +” mode to develop the forests economy, contract the use rights of the forest lands to the companies, so that the workers can obtain benefits through the way of “company +”.Sixth, sign long-term contracts with relatively poor groups to integrate the protection and restoration of natural forests with the management of relative poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]