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As one of the most important staple crops in China,wheat production target both high yield and high quality is very essential to simultaneously meeting the demands for food security and life quality. It has been found that both contents of key chemicals and processing quality vary greatly within different layers of wheat kernels. This provides a potential approach to achieve both high-yield and high-quality of wheat. In this paper,we detailly reviewed the spatial distributions of protein and its components,starch,dietary fiber and microelements. We further discussed the underlying mechanisms on the formation of protein and starch spatial distribution in the views of supply of substrate and synthetic capacity of protein and starch. The paper also summarized the regulation effects of cultivation practices on quality spatial distribution. Finally,we proposed the breakthrough solutions for exploring the underlying mechanisms on quality spatial distribution. This paper will provide research views for achieving the production of wheat with both high yield and high quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] In order to analyze the influence of different three-dimensional(3D) point cloud density on the measurement accuracy of grain volume with the size of scraper,the optimal point cloud density for small volume measurement of grain was obtained. [Methods] In this paper,a grain volume measurement device based on laser triangulation was designed by using a line laser sensor under laboratory conditions. LabVIEW software programming was used to achieve motor motion control,image acquisition and processing in the camera,3D coordinate extraction of grain surface point cloud,data storage,volume calculation of grain and 3D point cloud visualization,etc.,focusing on the laser center line coordinate extraction method and point cloud interpolation processing method. Based on the verification of the measurement system performance,the optimal point cloud density of rice was obtained by synthetically analyzing the mean relative error and maximum relative error of the number and volume measurement of grain point clouds under 14 different point cloud densities. [Results] In the performance verification of the system,the average relative error and the minimum relative error of the measurement results were 0.44% and 0.28%,respectively. Considering the number of point clouds,accuracy and stability of grain volume measurement,the optimal density of three-dimensional point clouds for rice volume measurement was 11 mm×11 mm. [Conclusions] The laser triangulation in this paper can accurately measure the grain mass,and the optimal point cloud density of the grain volume with the size of the scraper was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]