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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of uncoated paper on skin moisture, pressure injury risk and pressure injury incidence in neurological intensive care unit patients. Methods: A randomized controlled design was used. The experimental group (n = 68) received usual care (repositioning every 2 h and use of an air mattress) and application of uncoated paper on the sacral area for 5 days, whereas the control group (n = 67) received only usual care. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine changes in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injury between the groups. A chi‐squared test was used to determine the change in the incidence of pressure injuries for sacral area. Data were collected from 20 October 2017 to 6 March 2018. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injuries between the experimental and control groups. However, a significant difference was not observed in the incidence of pressure injuries between the groups. Conclusion: The use of uncoated paper may be a valid nursing intervention for the prevention of pressure injuries in neurological intensive care unit patients. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? The neurological intensive care unit patients with motor deficits, loss or deterioration of sensory function and decreased consciousness have high risk of pressure injuries.Although various guidelines consider excessive skin moisture as an important cause of pressure injuries, few targeted interventions exist to manage excessive skin moisture. What this paper adds? The uncoated paper application was effective in reducing skin moisture in neurologic intensive care unit patients.In addition, application of uncoated paper application has an effect on risk of pressure injury in neurologic intensive care unit patients. The implications of this paper: The use of uncoated paper may be a valid nursing intervention for the prevention of pressure injuries in neurological intensive care unit patients.Nurses should recognize that pressure injuries are potentially preventable adverse events and use various preventive interventions including skin moisture management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The condition and correlation of fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas remain unclear. This survey aimed to evaluate the current status and influencing factors of fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas. Methods: Patients undergoing pituitary adenoma resection in two tertiary hospitals from November 2019 to November 2021 were included. The general data questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI‐20), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and international physical activity questionnaire were used for data analysis. Results: In total, 184 patients with pituitary adenomas were included. The postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas had a high level of fatigue. In total, 34 (18.5%) patients had low level of physical activity, 76(41.3%) patients had medium level of physical activity and 74 (40.2%) had high level of physical activity. Postoperative time, PSQI, physical activity level and gender were the influencing factors of fatigue in patients with pituitary adenomas (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas have a higher level of fatigue, and it is related to reduced sleep quality and activity. Relevant nursing measures should be taken according to the influencing factors of fatigue to reduce the fatigue of postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The postoperative nursing care of patients is very important to the quality of life in patients with pituitary adenomas.Fatigue, sleep and physical activity in postoperative patients with pituitary adenomas remain unclear. What this paper adds? There is a high level of fatigue in patients with pituitary adenomas within 1 year after operation.The degree of fatigue is negatively correlated with the course of disease and the level of physical activity. The implications of this paper: Interventions and nursing care strategies targeted on the factors affecting postoperative fatigue of patients with pituitary adenomas are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the risk factors for unplanned readmissions within 1 month after hospital discharge to develop a seamless support system from discharge to home care. Background: With shorter hospital stay lengths, understanding the characteristics of patients with multiple risk factors is important to prevent rehospitalization. Design: This is a single‐centre retrospective descriptive study. Methods: Logistic regression and decision tree analyses were performed using eight items from the records of 3117 patients discharged from a university hospital between April–September 2017 as risk factors. Results: Unplanned readmission risk was significantly associated with emergency hospitalization (odds ratio [OR]: 3.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.04–4.77), malignancy (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.44–3.24), non‐surgical admission (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.07–2.88), hospital stay of ≥ 15 days (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.14–2.43) and decline in activities of daily living owing to hospitalization (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06–2.64). The highest risk combinations for rehospitalization were as follows: emergency hospitalization and malignancy; emergency admission, non‐malignancy and a hospital stay of ≥15 days; and scheduled hospitalization, no surgery and a hospital stay of ≥15 days. Conclusions: Patients with multiple risks for unplanned readmission should be accurately screened and provided with optimal home care. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Although the characteristics of patients at high risk of rehospitalization include malignancy, heart failure, conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other diseases prone to recurrence, old age, reduced activities of daily living and emergency hospitalization, few studies have reported on cases with multiple risks. What this paper adds? The most frequent risk types for unplanned readmissions within a month were emergency admissions for malignant tumours, emergency admissions for non‐malignant tumours with a hospital stay of 2 weeks or more and scheduled admissions for non‐surgical purposes with a length of stay of 2 weeks or more. The implications of this paper: The risk of unplanned readmission within 1 month of discharge increased due to a combination of multiple risks.This study helps us identify patients who are at high risk for readmission early in the hospitalization process and in providing nursing support for transition to their homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Dehydration is one of the common complications of dysphagia and poses significant risks including hospitalization and mortality, but the relationship between dysphagia and dehydration has received little attention. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for dehydration of patients with dysphagia in eastern China, and to provide reference for early identification and prevention of dehydration. Methods: A descriptive, cross‐sectional design was conducted. Three hundred and thirty‐seven (n = 337) patients with dysphagia participated in the study between August and December 2022. Information relating to participants' demographic variables, nutrition, cognition, functional, hydration status and fluid intake was collected. Univariate analysis was used to examine related impact factors, and then binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine reliable impact factors. Results: Among 337 patients with dysphagia, the average age was 63.47 ± 16.96, most participants were male (72.1%) and married (91.7%). The prevalence of dehydration was calculated to be 43.9%, the mean plasma osmolality score was 293.53 mmol/L. Diseases with the highest prevalence were stroke (78.3%), followed by hypertension (63.5%). The risk for dehydration increased with older age, usage of more medicines such as diuretics and beta‐blockers, worse functional status and lower fluid intake. Conclusion: This study found a high percentage of dehydration in patients with dysphagia. Findings can provide a basis for targeted nursing interventions for clinical prevention and treatment of dehydration. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Dehydration is one of the adverse consequences of dysphagia, and it causes physical stress to sufferers and enormous costs to the health care system.Previous studies have identified that personal factors (age, gender, health condition etc.), living environment, and social support may affect dehydration What this paper adds? Results showed high percentages of dehydration among patients with dysphagia; older age, greater use of medicines such as diuretics and beta‐blockers, worse functional status and lower fluid intake played a crucial role in hospital patients with dysphagia, leading to dehydration. The implications of this paper: This paper reveals prevalence and risk factors associated with dehydration of patients with dysphagia in hospital.Findings could provide reference data for development of nursing preventive interventions, to reduce the incidence of dehydration and improve the health level of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A skin tear is a traumatic wound that occurs in up to one in five hospitalized patients. Nursing care includes application of a dressing to create a moist wound healing environment. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of two standard dressings (adhesive silicone foam vs. meshed silicone interface) to heal hospital‐acquired skin tear. Methods: An intention‐to‐treat pilot study was designed using a randomized, non‐inferiority trial in an Australian tertiary hospital setting. Consenting participants (n = 52) had acquired a skin tear within the previous 24 h and had agreed to a 3‐week follow‐up. Data were collected between 2014 and 2020. The primary outcome measure was wound healing at 21 days. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in both arms. Per protocol, 86% of skin tears were fully healed at 3 weeks in the adhesive silicone foam group, compared to 59% in the meshed silicone interface group. Greater healing was observed across all skin tear categories in the adhesive silicone foam dressing group. In the intention‐to‐treat sample, healing was 69% and 42%, respectively. Conclusions: Results suggest the adhesive silicone foam dressing may be superior, as it produced clinically significant healing of skin tears at 3 weeks compared to the meshed silicone interface dressing. Accounting for potential loss to follow‐up, a sample of at least 103 participants per arm would be required to power a definitive study. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? A skin tear is a traumatic wound that is commonly acquired during hospitalization that affects older adults in particular. In hospital settings, it may occur in up to one in five patients.A variety of skin tear dressings have been used in previous studies, with healing rates ranging from 34% to 97% at 21 days; however, evidence for the most effective dressing type is inconclusive.If treated inappropriately, or left untreated, minor skin tears can become chronic or complicated wounds, yet prevalence and treatment of hospital‐acquired injuries are under‐reported. What this paper adds? Based on our per‐protocol results, an adhesive silicone foam dressing may be superior, as it produced clinically significant healing of 86% of skin tears at 3 weeks compared to 59% with the meshed silicone interface dressing.Based on the methods and results from this pilot study, a future definitive trial would be feasible but would need to account for a relatively large loss to follow‐up rate. The implications of this paper: Using our intention‐to‐treat results, a future study would need a sample size of 103 per arm to be sufficiently powered, which may be impractical to achieve within a single hospital setting; thus, a multi‐site study would be advisable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the pesticide safety behaviours and related factors among cabbage farmers in Kalaw Township, Myanmar. Background: Unsafe chemical pesticide practices affect farmers' health and the environment. Understanding pesticide safety behaviours is necessary for healthcare providers to protect agriculture workers against unwanted adverse health effects. Methods: The cross‐sectional study was conducted among 195 cabbage farmers from March to May 2019. Safety behaviours and factors applied in the PRECEDE–PROCEDE model as a framework were assessed using questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify any associations. Results: Altogether, 72.1% of the farmers had a low level of safety behaviours. Goggles and masks were rarely used before and during pesticide applications. All of the farmers experienced adverse health effects after using pesticides. The attitudes toward pesticide poisoning; support from family, co‐workers and healthcare providers; and the availability of personal protective equipment were significantly associated with safety behaviours. Conclusion: Our data provide novel empirical evidence for an opportunity to design effective nursing interventions to promote pesticide safety behaviours among Myanmar agricultural workers. Nurses should pay more attention to promoting comprehensive interventions to reduce both exposure and health effects among agricultural workers through the involvement of supported stakeholders. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Farmers and agricultural workers have extensively used pesticides in all steps of cultivation and face a greater risk of pesticide exposure, which could result in adverse health effects.Owing to the lack of research on community health promotion conducted in Myanmar, the burden of the consequences and adverse effects of pesticides remains a significant health issue. What this paper adds? Findings reveal a clear framework for better understanding and assessing pesticide safety behaviours among agricultural workers and farmers in Myanmar.Findings contribute new knowledge for nursing community health promotion by enhancing understanding of multilevel factors, including international and external factors, associated with safety behaviours among agricultural workers and farmers. The implications of this paper: Nurses and other healthcare professionals should be aware of the importance of preventing adverse health effects among agricultural workers in the community and interventions aimed at promoting safety behaviours should be focused not only on individuals but also on the involvement of social supports—particularly family and co‐workers.Nursing policymakers should consider strengthening the nursing role in the recognition of pesticide risk exposure and health outcomes, management of pesticide poisoning and exposure and prevention of pesticide‐related health conditions both in nursing education and nursing practice.Local authorities and policymakers should focus their attention on health promotion and health services to promote safety behaviours when using pesticides, and treatment and extension services should be provided for cases of suspected pesticide poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remains high worldwide in today's society, especially among young people. Youth education on STDs could help to reduce the prevalence of the condition in society and prevent new cases. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of peer‐based short‐form educational videos on youths' knowledge of STDs. Methods: This quasi‐experimental study was conducted in Turkey. The sample consisted of 121 students divided into experimental and control groups. Pre‐ and post‐test control group quasi‐experimental research design was employed in this study during the spring semester of the academic year 2021–2022. Peer‐based short‐form educational videos created by nursing students were used as an intervention. The survey form and Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: Participants with parental responsibilities and had previous STD experience had higher knowledge score than the other subgroups. There was a significant main effect of peer‐based short‐form educational video on participants overall knowledge score of STDs. Additionally, the effect of intervention continued at 12‐week follow‐up measurement. Conclusion: Peer‐based short‐form educational videos increase young people's knowledge of STD, and the impact of the intervention continued at 12‐week follow up. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Sexually transmitted diseases continue to be prevalent in society, particularly among young people.Sexually transmitted diseases can lead to serious health conditions and have a significant impact on sexual and reproductive health.The effectiveness of internet‐based education and lectures on sexually transmitted diseases has already been investigated.Little research has been addressed to determine the impact of educational materials, which are short videos on knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases created by utilizing nursing students' peer assessment. What this paper adds? Peer‐based short‐form educational videos increase young people's sexually transmitted disease knowledge.People with parental responsibilities and a previous sexually transmitted infections responded to interventions more favourably.The effects of peer‐based short‐form educational videos persisted 3 months afterwards. The implications for this paper: This cost‐free method has a potential to be widely used as a public health intervention to educate young people on sexually transmitted diseases.The peer‐based short‐form educational videos can be combined with other interventions to increase young people's knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 has caused psychological distress such as anxiety and fear among nurses worldwide. Nurses are a creditable source of vaccine‐related information and have a primary role in building confidence regarding vaccines. Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the fear and anxiety of nurses regarding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and their attitudes towards the COVID‐19 vaccine. The predictors of fear, anxiety and attitudes towards the vaccine were also investigated. Methods: A descriptive and correlational design was used. The study was conducted in three public hospitals from different parts of the Turkey, and 405 nurses from the three hospitals were recruited by stratified sampling. Results: Anxiety and negative attitudes towards the vaccine were positively related to fear of COVID‐19. Age and fear were also positively associated with anxiety related to COVID‐19. Nurses who had received the vaccine and those who were fearful had a positive attitude towards the vaccine. Conclusion: Psychosocial support programmes should be implemented to improve psychological resilience and coping strategies in nurses and organized education programmes are needed to increase positive attitudes towards vaccination. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The COVID‐19 pandemic significantly affected the psychological health of nurses.Nurses have a fundamental function in the general acceptance of vaccines. What this paper adds? Relationships were found between COVID‐19‐related fear, anxiety and attitudes towards the COVID‐19 vaccine.Anxiety and a positive attitude towards the vaccine were found to be predictors of fear related to COVID‐19.Fear related to COVID‐19 and being vaccinated against COVID‐19 were predictors of attitudes towards vaccination. The implications of this paper: Nursing managers could organize programmes to improve the coping skills of nurses in responding to situations that cause psychological burden.Nursing managers could support nurses through education to develop positive attitudes towards vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The high incidence of malnutrition in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery can lead to unplanned weight loss, sarcopenia and reduced grip strength to the extent that it can seriously affect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Objective: This study investigated the effect of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) on the prevalence of grip strength, unplanned weight loss and sarcopenia in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: We systematically searched randomized controlled studies from CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science and three Chinese databases (CNKI, Wan‐Fang database, VIP database) from database creation to September 2023. The risk of bias in individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the five GRADE criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3 software, and information that could not be meta‐analysed was reviewed in the form of a literature summary. Results: Eleven papers met the inclusion criteria with a combined sample size of 1070 cases, including 532 cases in the trial group and 538 cases in the control group. Four papers reported the effect of ONS on grip strength and included very low‐quality evidence supporting no effect of ONS on grip strength. Ten studies reported the effect of ONS on body weight and body mass index (BMI) and included very low‐quality evidence supporting a positive ONS on weight and BMI changes. Meta‐analysis showed a significant reduction in weight loss (12–15 weeks) and BMI loss (12–15 weeks) in patients with colorectal cancer in the ONS group. The effect of ONS on the prevalence of sarcopenia after hospital discharge was reported in two studies, and meta‐analysis showed a significant reduction in the prevalence of postoperative sarcopenia in colorectal cancer patients in the ONS group, but the quality of evidence was low. Conclusions: This study showed that the use of ONS in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer improved patient weight loss and BMI reduction and reduced the prevalence of postoperative sarcopenia but did not improve patient grip strength. The quality of evidence for inclusion in the article was low or very low, and further studies are needed to provide better evidence. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Some guidelines recommend the use of oral nutritional supplements in the perioperative and postoperative phases for patients with colorectal cancer.Previous studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the ability of oral nutritional supplements to improve weight and BMI and reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia in cancer patients. What this paper adds? For the first time, a systematic review was conducted using the malnutrition diagnostic criteria recommended by the Global Malnutrition Leadership Initiative consensus published in 2019, with unplanned weight loss, BMI change, prevalence of sarcopenia and grip strength as outcome indicators.Oral nutritional supplements reduce the prevalence of postoperative sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer but do not improve patients' grip strength. The implications of this paper: This study adds to the existing evidence for the use of oral nutritional supplements in perioperative and postoperative follow‐up periods for colorectal cancer.Nursing and other healthcare professionals should use evidence of the effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements to improve nutritional support for patients with colorectal cancer in the perioperative and postoperative periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This work aims to investigate the association between obesity and risk of delayed discharge and unplanned readmission in day surgery patients. Background: Day surgeries are well received and developing rapidly. Associations between obesity and delayed discharge and unplanned readmission, which are clinically relevant outcomes in day surgeries, are complex. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted. Data Sources: The PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wan Fang databases were comprehensively searched from inception until January 2021. Review Methods: Two independent reviewers assessed the studies and extracted data. Pooled estimates were obtained using a random‐effects model. Results: Eleven articles published between 2007 and 2020 were finally included. Obesity appeared not to increase the risk of delayed discharge. However, morbid obesity seemed to be associated with a higher risk of delayed discharge. The meta‐analysis revealed no relationship between higher body mass index (BMI) and unplanned readmission for day surgery patients. Conclusions: Obesity appeared not to increase the risk of delayed discharge except in patients with morbid obesity. Additionally, a higher BMI was not associated with increased risk of unplanned readmission after day surgery. Future studies are required to address this issue further in different types of surgery and areas. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The complexity and flexibility of day surgeries have gradually broadened, but selecting the most suitable patients for day surgery is important for safety.Controversies exist on the association between obesity and risk of delayed discharge and unplanned readmission in day surgery patients. What this paper adds? This systematic review and meta‐analysis suggests that obesity did not significantly increase the risk of delayed discharge except in patients with morbid obesity.A higher BMI was not associated with increased risk of unplanned readmission after day surgery. The implications of this paper: Obesity should not be regarded as a contraindication to day surgery although patients with morbid obesity should be scheduled with caution and evaluated on a case‐by‐case basis. Future studies are required to address this issue further in more types of surgery and in different areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To conduct psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the National Health Service Sustainability Model as an instrument to assess the sustainability of innovation in the Chinese nursing setting. Background: Evidence‐based practice is recognized worldwide as a way to improve the quality of healthcare; however, many evidence‐based practice programmes decline over time and do not sustain the benefits of their improvements. A sustainability assessment tool is used internationally but its use has not been validated in China. Design: A methodological study to test instrument validity and reliability. Methods: The data collection was conducted from 15 June 2022 to 31 August 2022. The internal consistency of the Chinese version of the sustainability model was measured with Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the model's structural validity. Results: Four hundred eighty‐three questionnaires were returned, of which 478 were valid. The short time taken to evaluate the Chinese version of the sustainability model demonstrated its efficiency and ability to adapt to a busy clinical environment. The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit model and supported the convergence validity of the sustainability model. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.905 for the total scale, which indicated good internal consistency. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the Chinese version of the sustainability model is a valid, reliable and efficient tool for measuring the sustainability of evidence‐based practices in Chinese nursing settings. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? As evidence‐based care grows in China, there are increasing numbers of programmes for evidence‐based practice.Evidence‐based practice leaders in China are currently focused on the implementation of evidence, with little focus on the maintenance of evidence after implementation.There is a lack of tools to assess the sustainability of evidence‐based practice in China. What this paper adds? This study further validates and refines the National Health Service Sustainability Model (NHS SM) in China's busy, centralized and paternalistic nursing clinical settings.Bridges the gap in sustainability assessment tools in China by introducing an evidence‐based practice sustainability assessment tool and further validating and refining the model in busy, centralized and paternalistic nursing clinical settings. The implications of this paper: Provide support to nursing professionals when selecting tools to assess the sustainability of evidence‐based practice in order to promote programme maintenance, avoid wasted upfront resource investment and achieve long‐term programme benefits.Provide a reference for professionals in other countries to introduce sustainability assessment tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Studies of the effects of COVID‐19, especially post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome, on psychological health in non‐severe cases are limited. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors of psychological symptoms, and quality‐of‐life in three groups of outpatients, hospitalized and intensive care patients. Methods: A total 276 patients, previously confirmed with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, attending the COVID‐19 follow‐up outpatient clinic from December 2020 to July 2021 were interviewed face‐to‐face. In this cross‐sectional, retrospective study, all participants were asked our self‐designed demographic and screening questions to assess their psychological symptoms and administered the WHQOOL‐BREF survey to evaluate quality of life. Results: In screening questions, major depressive disorder symptoms were detected at a rate of 20.3%, generalized anxiety disorder symptoms at a rate of 16.7%, panic attack symptoms at a rate of 10.9%, post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms at a rate of 28.6% and obsessive‐compulsive disorder symptoms at a rate of 18.1%. The outpatient group with COVID‐19 infection had a higher risk of developing psychological symptoms and decreased quality of life. Conclusion: COVID‐19 infection was found to have a considerable psychological impact on those treated as outpatients despite the less severe course of their illness. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Post‐intensive care syndrome affects physical, cognitive and psychological health.It is associated with symptoms such as generalized weakness, memory disturbances, cognitive function impairment, depression, anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder.Some physical and psychological symptoms persist for over 12 weeks in some patients and have been classified as 'Post‐acute COVID‐19 Condition or Syndrome' (PCS). What this paper adds? At the post‐acute‐COVID‐19 period, a considerable number of outpatients with COVID‐19 infection were at higher risk for psychological distress symptoms than those who had been treated in the hospital or intensive care unit.Depression, anxiety, panic disorder and PTSD symptoms were found to be higher in outpatients and those with these symptoms were also shown to have a lower quality of life.Our findings highlight the significant psychological impact of COVID‐19 on patients, even after their reported recovery from the acute manifestations of this disease. The implications of this paper: Ongoing psychological symptoms in the post‐COVID period are not associated with the severity of the disease in the acute phase.It is important that healthcare professionals are equally concerned not only with physical condition of post‐COVID‐19 patients but also with their psychological state and the patient's psychology‐related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High cognitive load in nurses is a common problem in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, it remains unclear what different types of cognitive load the ICU nurses have experienced during the implementation of delirium interventions. Aim: To describe the characteristics and explore the effect of implementing a delirium intervention on the cognitive load of nurses working in the ICU. Methods: A cluster‐randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. Six ICUs were randomized in a 1:1 ratio, and eligible nurses from these units provided either a delirium bundle intervention in addition to usual care (27 nurses) or usual care alone. An instrument was used to measure different types of cognitive load (MDT‐CL), assessing intrinsic, extraneous and germane cognitive load. The repeated measures analysis of variance was used to detect between‐group differences. Results: Among these nurses, significant between‐group differences were identified in terms of their overall (P < 0.001), intrinsic (P < 0.001) and extraneous (P < 0.001) cognitive load. There was no significant change observed in the germane cognitive load (P = 0.489) in the delirium intervention group. Conclusion: It is important to understand how the implementation of a delirium intervention affects different types of cognitive load in nurses, in order that tailored strategies can be applied to reduce cognitive load in ICU nurses. Summary statement: What is already known about the topic? ABCDEF bundle interventions are effective to reduce ICU delirium incidence and improve clinical outcomes.Nursing care in the intensive care units is characterized by elevated demand on workloads and increased cognitive load.Cognitive load has been identified to include three different types: intrinsic cognitive load, extraneous cognitive load and germane cognitive load. What this paper adds? The application of a delirium intervention in ICU nurses can increase the intrinsic, extraneous and overall cognitive load but had no effect on the germane cognitive load in ICU nurses.It is important to understand how the implementation of a delirium intervention affects different types of cognitive load in nurses so that tailored strategies can be applied to reduce cognitive load in ICU nurses. The implications of this paper: Evaluating different types of cognitive load in ICU nurse is helpful to support appropriate allocation of nursing resources and improvement of patient safety.This study highlights the necessity of improving efforts focusing on reduction of the intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load related to nursing care for delirium in ICUs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study compared the effects of web‐based and face‐to‐face education given to office workers on health beliefs and physical activity levels towards obesity. Methods: The research was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study. The study population consisted of 768 office workers between February 2020 and April 2021, and the sample of the research consisted of 90 individuals selected from the population using the nonprobability sampling method. Clinical trial number of the study is NCT05591846. Results: A total of 90 people, including 30 people in each group, were included in the study. According to the obesity health belief model, a positive change was achieved in the beliefs of individuals about obesity; it was determined that there was a significant increase in the subdimensions of the importance of health, sensitivity, seriousness and perception of benefit and a decrease in the perception of obstacles (p < 0.05). After both education methods were given according to the health belief model, a positive change was achieved in the physical activity level of the individuals; it was determined that the physical activity level score increased significantly (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that web‐based and face‐to‐face education given to individuals had a positive effect on the obesity health belief model components and the levels of physical activity level. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Beliefs about obesity and physical activity are changed by face‐to‐face education methods.Along with the changing and developing technology, web‐based education has gained importance as well as face‐to‐face education.Studies on the effect of web‐based education compared with face‐to‐face education are limited. What this paper adds? This study determined that face‐to‐face education and web‐based education had an effect on beliefs about effecting change in obesity and the duration of physical activity.Web‐based education can be as effective as face‐to‐face education for this. The implications of this paper: Individuals' beliefs about reducing obesity can change with face‐to‐face education and also with web‐based education, which can be accessed more easily in desired time periods.Web‐based education can be used to improve obesity in cases where face‐to‐face education cannot be applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: We aim to analyse the effect of menthol on thirst intensity and thirst comfort in surgical patients. Background: Menthol has achieved good results in quenching thirst in patients in intensive care units, but its safety and reliability in perioperative fasting patients are unknown. Design: A systematic review with meta‐analysis of intervention studies was performed. Data Sources: We used Chinese and English databases from their dates of inception to May 2022. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINHAL, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. Review Methods: Two reviewers independently examined the records according to the eligibility criteria and extracted the data of each included study. Results: A total of seven studies were identified in this review, which included 537 surgical patients. Overall, menthol reduced thirst intensity in surgical patients and decreased thirst discomfort. Further subgroup analysis revealed that the menthol intervention significantly improved thirst intensity in surgical patients during preoperative and postoperative fasting periods. The Egger's tests showed no significant bias (p = 0.113 and 0.553, thirst intensity and thirst discomfort, respectively). Conclusion: Menthol intervention effectively improved thirst intensity and thirst discomfort during fasting in surgical patients, but more large‐scale, multicentre randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings further. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Thirst is a common symptom of discomfort during fasting in surgical patients.Thirst in surgical patients is an underappreciated, unmeasured and undertreated symptom. What this paper adds? It is safe and feasible to administer menthol immediately after surgery to patients undergoing surgery.Menthol intervention during fasting in surgical patients can significantly reduce thirst intensity and improve thirst discomfort.More high‐quality trials are essential to explore optimal menthol interventions during fasting in surgical patients. The implications of this paper Menthol provides a safe and effective thirst‐quenching method for perioperative fasting in surgical patients.Menthol reduces thirst intensity and thirst discomfort in surgical patients postoperative fasting periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for breast cancer related lymphoedema (BCRL) and compare the similarities and differences in recommendations. Background: Many CPGs of BCRL have been developed; however, their recommendations and quality are controversial. Methods: Relevant papers were retrieved from electronic databases, professional associations and guideline development organizations, from 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2021. The Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument was used to evaluate the quality of the guidelines. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was used to evaluate the overall consistency among evaluators. Results: Eight CPGs were included. The ICC values evaluation for CPGs ranged from 0.76 to 0.95, with good consensus among evaluators. The highest median score was 68.75% (61.46, 72.22%) for clarity, and the lowest was 37.50% (25.78, 51.30%) for applicability. The NICE, ACS/ACSO and APTA CPGs were rated well in most areas. Professional health education, individualized exercise programme and regular surveillance are the main methods to prevent lymphoedema. Conclusion: In the past 6 years, the quality of BCRL guidelines has varied greatly, especially in the domains of rigour and applicability. Interrater agreement was excellent, but recommendation showed some inconsistencies in the details. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Providing recommendations based on evidence‐based guidelines for care of cancer treatment‐related lymphoedema will help to improve outcomes for patients with this chronic condition. What this paper adds? The rigour of the guidelines needs to be improved.Guideline‐making organizations have the responsibility to promote the application of guidelines into practice using a variety of methods.Multifactorial reasons were responsible for the differences inguidelines' recommendations The implications of this paper Nurses need to be more aware of guideline recommendations.There are inconsistencies in the details, despite many similarities.The formulation of individual nursing care programmes should be tailored to the local clinical situation and working environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of motivational interviewing based on the trans‐theoretical model promoting physical activity in older adults. Methods: A randomized controlled trial study was conducted with 117 older adults (intervention group: 58, and control group: 59) between April and November 2019. The data were collected via a questionnaire, trans‐theoretical model scales, the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Katz Activities of Daily Living scale and a pedometer. The 24‐week intervention consisted of regular motivational interviewing. The control group received usual care at the family health centre. Results: Following the intervention, the Intervention Group showed significant improvements Exercise Processes of Change Scale, Exercise Self‐Efficacy Scale and Perceived Benefits of the Decisional Balance Scale for Exercise. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of stages of change. In the Intervention Group, 81.5% were in the contemplation stage in the pre‐test, while in the post‐test, 70.4% had transitioned to the action stage. In contrast, in the control group, 62.5% were in the contemplation stage initially, but in the post‐test, only 9.3% had reached the action stage. The mean number of step counts increased significantly in favour of the Intervention Group, as did the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly total score. Conclusion: The trial indicated that after the trans‐theoretical model‐based motivational interviewing, the stages of change among the older adults improved, as did their exercise behaviours. It is recommended that the trans‐theoretical model and motivational interviewing be used by nurses to improve healthy lifestyle stage behaviours in older adults. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Physical immobility ranks fourth among the leading risk factors for mortality globally.Older adults constitute the age group which leads the most sedentary life in society and is most affected by physical inactivity.In Turkey, one out of every two people undertakes insufficient physical activity, and this rate increases with advancing age. What this paper adds? Nurse‐led motivational interviewing based on the trans‐theoretical model was effective in increasing the physical activity levels of the older adults. The implications of this paper: It is recommended that the trans‐theoretical model and motivational interviewing should be used by nurses to improve healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults.It is recommended that studies be conducted to assess the effectiveness of interventions aimed at promoting physical activity in older adults via both qualitative and quantitative methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia are a group of non‐cognitive symptoms such as agitation, physical aggression, depression, sexual disinhibition and psychosis. Therapeutic approaches vary because of the multifactorial and complex symptomology. The researchers of this study aimed to systematically review the nonpharmacological interventions for BPSD used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings. Design: The PRISMA guidelines guided this systematic review. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020184015). Method: The databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) complete, Medline complete, Excerpta Medica (Embase®) and PsycINFO published by the American Psychological Association (APA) were searched for studies published in English to October 2021. Quality appraisal was performed independently by three reviewers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tools. Data were synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: Two studies were identified that focused on interventions used by nurses; findings were positive for the use of nonpharmacological interventions to manage BPSD. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that nonpharmacological interventions are the best practices to manage BPSD. However, limited, and low‐quality evidence suggests that further investigation is required to understand the factors contributing to the lack of use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) occur for approximately 95% of patients diagnosed with dementia and significantly impact individuals, families, communities and healthcare systems.Due to the limited benefits and potential harm of pharmacological interventions, nonpharmacological interventions are considered the first line of treatment to manage BPSD in clinical practice.Previous systematic reviews were limited to interventions implemented by a multidisciplinary team or nonpharmacological therapies conducted mainly in a residential or long‐term care setting.What this paper adds? The existing body of evidence ascertains nonpharmacological interventions are effective in managing BPSD in patients with dementia.The authors of this review identified a gap in research for the nonpharmacological interventions used by nurses in acute and subacute hospital settings.The implications of this paper: This systematic review acknowledges the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to reduce aggression and agitation in patients with dementia.It highlights two major gaps in the research: that there are very few studies conducted in hospital settings, and no studies report the use of nonpharmacological interventions by nurses on any symptoms of BPSD other than aggression in the hospital setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study examined the preliminary effects of a nurse‐led self‐management education and support programme on the self‐management behaviours and quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes in Western Ethiopia. Methods: A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted between January and August 2021. Participants were recruited in the hospital and randomly assigned to the control arm to continue usual care (n = 38) or the intervention arm to receive usual care and the diabetes self‐management education and support programme (n = 38) in the community. Self‐management behaviours and quality of life were assessed using a 10‐item summary of diabetes self‐care activity (expanded) scale and a 34‐item diabetes quality of life measure, respectively, at baseline and 2 months after follow‐up. Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the preliminary effects of the programme on the outcomes. Results: Preliminary results indicated that the programme outperformed usual care in self‐management practise, with large effect sizes immediately postintervention and at 2 months after the intervention, and quality of life at 2 months after the intervention. Conclusion: A nurse‐led diabetes self‐management education and support intervention, including the families of people with diabetes, may be an option to boost the self‐management practise and quality of life of patients with diabetes. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Family‐supported diabetes self‐management education intervention produced inconclusive effects on self‐management behaviour and quality of life. What this paper adds? A social‐cognitive theory‐guided, culture‐tailored, and community‐based diabetes self‐management education and support programme resulted in a preliminary effect on improving self‐management behaviour and quality of life.A nurse‐led diabetes self‐management education and support programme intervention, including the families of patients, may be an option to boost the self‐management practise and quality of life of people with diabetes. The implications of this paper: Culturally tailored diabetes self‐management education and support programme could be an option to improve self‐management behaviour and enhance quality of life.Community‐based nurse‐delivered diabetes self‐management education and support can improve self‐management behaviours and enhance quality of life in 2 months duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This work aims to evaluate the relationship between the fear of hypoglycaemia, treatment adherence, and the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its determinants. Methods: This descriptive and cross‐sectional study sample recruited 1060 T2DM outpatients in a health centre between January and July 2022. The Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS), Type 2 DM Treatment Patient Compliance Scale, and the 5‐Level EuroQol 5‐Dimension (EQ‐5D‐5L) were used for data collection. Results: There was a positive correlation between age, duration of T2DM, and the scores obtained from the HFS and its subscales (p < 0.001). There was a positive, moderate correlation between the total HFS score and the TCS (p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the scores obtained from the HFS and the EQ‐5D‐5L (p < 0.001). The multiple regression analysis showed that the quality of life scores of the patients were significantly predicted by hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age. (F = 91.691, p < 0.001). Hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age explained 38.1% of the quality of life of patients. Conclusion: We determined that the increase in hypoglycaemia fear resulted in a decrease in treatment adherence. Besides, hypoglycaemia fear increased with increasing age and duration of T2DM diagnosis. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? In a limited literature, it has been reported that patients with diabetes experience hypoglycaemia fear. However, almost all of these studies focus on the hypoglycaemia fear in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. What this paper adds? There was a positive correlation between the level of treatment adherence and hypoglycaemia fear in patients with T2DM. It was observed that adherence with treatment declined because of the increased fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with T2DM.Hypoglycaemia fear increased with increasing age and duration of T2DM diagnosis.Hypoglycaemia fear, duration of T2DM diagnosis, and age explained 38.1% of the quality of life scores of patients. The implications of this paper: This study reveals a new perspective on hypoglycaemia fear, treatment adherence, and the quality of life scores in patients with T2DM and its determinants.In nursing practice, it was determined that it is important to control hypoglycaemia fears to increase the treatment adherence and quality of life of T2DM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based interventions in improving self‐efficacy, reducing stress and anxiety among peritoneal dialysis patients, and (ii) compare the most effective method of mindfulness based interventions. Methods: This randomized three‐arm controlled trial recruited first‐time peritoneal dialysis patients from the peritoneal dialysis outpatient clinic in Singapore. Patients were randomly allocated to either video‐assisted mindfulness training, therapist‐assisted mindfulness training or treatment‐as‐usual. All groups received 4.5 days of structured peritoneal dialysis training at the peritoneal dialysis centre, while video‐assisted mindfulness training and therapist‐assisted mindfulness training groups were taught additional mindfulness‐based techniques. The perceived stress scale, self‐efficacy, and anxiety (State and Trait Anxiety Inventory) were measured at baseline, 4‐ and 12 weeks post‐randomization, using reliable and valid instruments. Results: Thirty‐nine patients were recruited (13 in each group). All the therapies showed a significant time trend in anxiety. Only therapist‐ and video‐assisted mindfulness training showed a significant trend in perceived stress scale scores but not treatment‐as‐usual. All Intervention X Time interactions were not significant. Patients in therapist‐ and video‐assisted mindfulness training groups had reduced perceived stress scale scores compared to treatment‐as‐usual at week 12. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the potential of mindfulness‐based interventions in reducing stress among first‐time PD patients. Summary Statement: What is already known about this topic? Mindfulness‐based interventions have been recommended to mediate stressful events.Mindfulness‐based interventions as complementary therapy can be taught to patients who are starting peritoneal dialysis for the first time; however, the best method to guide mindfulness‐based interventions is unknown. What this paper adds? The findings showed that mindfulness‐based interventions can potentially reduce stress and anxiety but have no statistically significant effect on self‐efficacy for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis for the first time.Video‐ or therapist‐guided mindfulness training is just as effective in teaching mindfulness‐based interventions. The implications of this paper: Nurses hold an essential role in improving the experience of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis by advocating and facilitating the use of MBI during dialysis, especially those who display high levels of stress and anxiety, as well as signs of coping issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This review aims to assess the effect of comprehensive nursing care on liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy in China. Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed randomized controlled trials and observational studies assessing the effect of comprehensive nursing care against standard care on liver cancer patients undergoing specific interventional therapies in China, including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL till June 2023. Data synthesis was conducted using a random‐effects model and reported as pooled odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD). Results: Ten Chinese studies with 1682 participants were evaluated. Comprehensive nursing care significantly enhanced patient outcomes in liver cancer treatment. Quality of life improved markedly (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06–0.41). Notable reductions were observed in anxiety (MD: −8.96, 95% CI: −11.52 to −6.40) and depression (MD: −9.47, 95% CI: −11.79 to −7.14). Patients also experienced increased physical (SMD: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.15–2.25), social (SMD: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.14–2.16) and activity scores (SMD: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.49–2.39), alongside a decrease in post‐treatment complications (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.21–0.37), demonstrating the multifaceted benefits of comprehensive care. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care may improve patient outcomes in liver cancer treatment, offering potential benefits in reducing the side effects of interventional therapy. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy often experience significant physical and psychological challenges.Comprehensive nursing care has been hypothesized to offer potential benefits in addressing these challenges.There is limited evidence on the exact impacts of comprehensive nursing care on these patients, leading to knowledge gaps in its applicability and efficacy. What this paper adds? This review demonstrates that comprehensive nursing care can lead to significant improvements in the quality of life for liver cancer patients in China.This review provides evidence that comprehensive care reduces levels of anxiety and depression in these patients.This review shows that this approach boosts physical, social function and activity scores while also reducing post‐treatment complications. The implications of this paper: This paper suggests integrating comprehensive nursing care as a standard practice, given its potential to significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.This research emphasizes the importance of equipping oncology nurses with comprehensive care skills and expanding their roles to ensure optimal patient outcomes.Despite promising results, there is a need for further high‐quality, randomized controlled trials to confirm these findings and delve deeper into other potential benefits and best practices of comprehensive nursing care for liver cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We aimed to assess the impact of Tai Chi interventions on individuals with essential hypertension and to compare the effects of Tai Chi versus control in this population. Background: Tai Chi has been extensively utilized in the prevention of essential hypertension. Nevertheless, there is a lack of consensus regarding its benefits for treating essential hypertension. Design: A systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted. Data Sources We conducted a systematic literature search of the Medline, Scholar, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Chinese Academic Journal (CNKI) and Wanfang databases from January 2003 to August 2023. Review Methods: Using the methods of the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook, a meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the collective impact of Tai Chi exercise in controlling hypertension. The primary outcomes measured included blood pressure and nitric oxide levels. Results: The participants consisted of adults with an average age of 57.1 years who had hypertension (mean ± standard deviation systolic blood pressure at 148.2 ± 12.1 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure at 89.2 ± 8.3 mmHg). Individuals who practiced Tai Chi experienced reductions in systolic blood pressure of 10.6 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure of 4.7 mmHg and an increase in nitric oxide levels. Conclusions: Tai Chi can be a viable lifestyle intervention for managing hypertension. Greater promotion of Tai Chi by medical professionals could extend these benefits to a larger patient population. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Hypertension is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Essential hypertension accounts for 90% of the overall prevalence of hypertension.Tai Chi has been employed for the prevention and treatment of essential hypertension. What this paper adds: The study reveals that the efficacy of 24‐style Tai Chi intervention in combating hypertension surpasses that of traditional aerobic exercises and conventional drug therapy.The statistical significance of anti‐hypertensive effects is notably higher when practicing middle‐intensity 24‐style Tai Chi for 1 h. Implications of this paper: The findings suggest that 24‐style Tai Chi holds clinical significance for patients, nurses and healthcare decision‐makers involved in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Somatic symptoms and related factors in patients with chronic heart failure have been extensively researched. However, more insight into the complex interconnections among these constructs is needed, as most studies focus on them independently from each other. Aims: The aim of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how somatic symptoms and related factors are interconnected among patients with chronic heart failure. Methods: A total of 379 patients were enrolled. Network analysis was used to explore the interconnections among the somatic symptoms and related risk factors. Results: The four core symptoms of chronic heart failure were daytime dyspnea, dyspnea when lying down, fatigue and difficulty sleeping. Within the network, the edge weights of depression–anxiety, subjective social support–objective social support, and subjective social support–social support availability were more significant than others. Among physiological, psychological and environmental factors, the edge weights of NYHA–dyspnea, depression–difficulty sleeping, and social support availability–dyspnea when lying down were more significant than others. Depression and anxiety had the highest centrality, indicating stronger and closer connections with other nodes. Conclusions: Psychological and environmental factors stood out in the network, suggesting the potential value of interventions targeting these factors to improve overall health. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Limited studies have explored core somatic symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure using network analysis.There is a lack of a holistic perspective when studying symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure and their association with various factors. What this paper adds? This study identifies daytime dyspnea, dyspnea when lying down, fatigue and difficulty sleeping as the four core symptoms of chronic heart failure.Targeting these core symptoms in treatments and management can potentially lead to improvements in patients' overall health.The network analysis highlights the importance of psychological and environmental factors, suggesting that interventions targeting these factors may contribute to overall health improvement. The implications of this paper: It provides evidence of core symptoms of chronic heart failure.It provides evidence of the complex interconnections among symptoms and related factors in chronic heart failure.It provides implications for future interventions and strategies in managing chronic heart failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory on a sample of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China. Background: Measuring the self‐care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is vital to promote the performance of effective self‐care behaviours. However, few instruments have been developed to measure self‐care in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the existing instruments lack theoretical support and satisfactory psychometrics properties. The Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory based on Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐Care of Chronic Illness has been developed and tested previously in Italian and US population. Design: A cross‐sectional instrument development study. Methods: Construct validity was tested by confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing, and reliability internal consistency using factor score determinacy coefficients. Results: A convenience sample of 185 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was recruited from September 2020 to January 2022. The instrument consists of three scales: self‐care maintenance, self‐care monitoring and self‐care management. Confirmatory factor analysis performed on the three scales produced good fit indices. The internal consistency was adequate with factor score determinacy coefficients ranging from 0.891 to 0.953 in Self‐Care Maintenance Scale, 0.990 to 0.993 in Self‐Care Monitoring Scale and 0.750 to 0.976 in Self‐Care Management Scale. Conclusions: The Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory has acceptable reliability and validity. Some differences from the original instrument were identified. Further validation studies should be conducted to confirm the psychometric properties of the instrument in Chinese population. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐care of Chronic Illness has been used to direct clinical nursing practice for coronary heart disease, heart failure, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic illnesses and has been shown to have good guiding significance for clinical nursing practice for the self‐care of clinical chronic illness.In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, self‐care has a significant positive effect on preserving disease stability and enhancing health‐related quality of life.There is a shortage of moderate length evaluation instruments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease self‐care with comprehensive theoretical assessment content, but the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory, based on the Middle‐Range Theory of Self‐care of Chronic Illness, has been demonstrated to have positive application effects in Italy and the United States. However, its applicability in China is unclear. What this paper adds? This paper indicates that the Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory has good reliability and validity and can reflect the self‐care ability of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China. The implications of this paper: The results show that the Chinese version of the Self‐Care in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inventory is simple and accessible, and nurses can use it to assess patients' capacity for self‐care regularly.The Chinese version of the Self‐Care Scale has different dimensions from the original scale, indicating that different medical backgrounds and varying understanding of concept of self‐care in various nations may result in various self‐care behaviours.To ensure its wider application, the development of this scale necessitates cross‐cultural adaptation of populations in more countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) among a sample of Turkish university students. Methods: This study was conducted with 291 university students. The SHIS was evaluated in terms of language equivalence, validity and the reliability. Content validity was assessed with the content validity index (CVI). Construct validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used for the analysis of internal consistency, a Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for parallel form reliability, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for the test–retest technique. Results: The CVI of the SHIS was between 0.80 and 1.00. When the results of the CFA were examined, the factor loadings of all items were above 0.50. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between the SHIS and the Sense of Coherence (SOC) scores for parallel form reliability (r = 0.489). Within the scope of the test–retest analysis, an ICC = 0.762 was determined (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings obtained from this validity and reliability study carried out on a sample of Turkish university students showed that the SHIS was both valid and reliable. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? In recent years, as awareness of the impact of stress on human life has grown, the significance of the salutogenesis concept has increased, resulting in an upsurge in related studies.Several studies have shown the robust psychometric properties and validity of the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS).SHIS, being a semantic type of scale, sets it apart from other measurement scales in the literature that assess positive health and salutogenic health due to its structure. What this paper adds? The results of this adaptation study, which was carried out on a sample of Turkish university students, showed that the SHIS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring health in Turkish culture. The implications of this paper: A culturally and developmentally appropriate, valid and reliable tool can enable individuals to recognize health indicators, resources and coping skills.SHIS can be utilized by healthcare professionals, particularly nurses responsible for patient care, researchers, educators and university students. It proves valuable in conducting comprehensive evaluations of health, positive health and well‐being care, as well as in the planning, development and evaluation of suitable intervention programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Psychological insulin resistance is a common barrier to initiation and persistence with insulin therapy that affects approximately 42.7% of people living with type II diabetes mellitus, which may negatively impact self‐management. This study aimed to assess patients' levels of psychological insulin resistance and to identify factors associated with self‐management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy. Methods: We adopted a cross‐sectional design. Subjects from the metabolism and endocrinology outpatient departments of a regional teaching hospital in central Taiwan were recruited by consecutive sampling. Patients were assessed for psychological insulin resistance and self‐management using the barriers to insulin treatment questionnaire and the partners in health scale. Results: A total of 222 patients with type II diabetes mellitus were recruited. Patients had an average psychological insulin resistance score of 3.14 (maximum of 8). Positive self‐management was associated with insulin therapy injection by patient, fewer expectations regarding positive insulin‐related outcomes, no diabetes‐related complications, less fear of injection and self‐testing, no hypoglycaemia within the previous year, and younger age. Conclusion: Insulin therapy injection by patient and no diabetes‐related complications were the most common factors associated with overall self‐management and with each domain of self‐management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy. Insulin therapy education should be offered to improve patients' beliefs about insulin therapy and enhance patients' ability to perform self‐management. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Psychological insulin resistance is a common psychological barrier to initiation and persistence with insulin therapy.Psychological insulin resistance causes poor glycaemic control and diabetes‐related complications.Psychological insulin resistance may negatively impact self‐management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. What is the contribution of this paper? Positive self‐management was associated with insulin therapy injection by patient, fewer expectations regarding positive insulin‐related outcomes, no diabetes‐related complications, less fear of injection and self‐testing, no hypoglycaemia within the previous year, and younger age.Insulin therapy injection by patient and no diabetes‐related complications were the most common factors associated with overall self‐management and with each domain of self‐management in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy.Patients with poor self‐management had statistically significantly higher levels of overall psychological insulin resistance, fear of injections and self‐testing, expectations regarding positive insulin‐related outcomes, and stigmatization by insulin injections, compared to those with appropriate self‐management. What are the implications of this paper? Knowing in advance the factors associated with diabetes self‐management will allow healthcare professionals prevent psychological insulin resistance in patients with type II diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy.Healthcare professionals can design and provide patient‐centred diabetes education based on education level to enhance self‐management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between heart failure knowledge, self‐efficacy, social support, grit and self‐care behaviour in patients with heart failure and to identify factors associated with patients' self‐care behaviour. Background: Most patients with heart failure are not as active in implementing self‐care behavioural practices as recommended by the guidelines. Design: This descriptive cross‐sectional study was designed based on Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. Methods: This study included 138 patients who were diagnosed with heart failure in an outpatient department of cardiology at a tertiary hospital in Korea. Data were collected between July and October 2020 using a structured questionnaire and electronic medical records. Data were analysed using the SPSS/WIN 27.0 program. Results: Grit had the strongest association with self‐care behaviour among patients with heart failure, followed by social support, self‐efficacy and heart failure knowledge. These variables accounted for approximately 52% of the variance in self‐care behaviour. Conclusions: Health‐care professionals should assess patients' grit and develop patient‐tailored grit enhancement programmes. Based on the social cognitive theory, nursing intervention programmes that can simultaneously manage cognitive (knowledge and self‐efficacy), social and environmental (social support) and behavioural support (grit) factors should be developed and applied to nursing practices to promote self‐care. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Most patients with heart failure are not as active in implementing self‐care behavioural practices as recommended by the guidelines.Social cognitive theory is conceptualized as cognitive, social, environmental and behavioural in nature.Self‐care behaviour can be influenced by multi‐dimensional factors, including cognitive factors, such as knowledge and self‐efficacy, and social and environmental factors, such as social support. What this paper adds? Grit—a behavioural supporting element—was confirmed as a factor influencing the self‐care behaviour of patients with heart failure. The implications of this paper: Interventions for enhancing patients' grit should be developed; self‐efficacy, social support and heart failure knowledge for patients with heart failure should be considered in clinical nursing settings.Health‐care professionals should assess patients' grit and develop patient‐tailored grit enhancement programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is growing evidence that sex and onset age are important factors of clinical features in Parkinson's disease. Aim: The study aimed to identify nonmotor symptoms based on sex and onset age in people with Parkinson's disease. Design: This is a cross‐sectional descriptive study. Methods: A total of 210 participants were recruited from the university hospital and the Parkinson's disease association. This study measured the Korean version of the nonmotor symptoms questionnaire which includes gastrointestinal, urinary, apathy/attention/memory, hallucination/delusions, depression/anxiety, sexual function, cardiovascular, sleep disorder, and miscellaneous domains. Results: All participants reported at least one nonmotor symptom. The most commonly reported symptoms were nocturia (65.7%) and constipation (61.9%). The male participants reported more dribbling of saliva, constipation, and impaired sexual function, whereas the female reported more weight change. Young‐onset people with Parkinson's disease reported more depression than late‐onset people with Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of symptom experience beyond motor‐related symptomatology for those with Parkinson's disease and adds to the current literature. Individualized symptom assessment and management should be provided by prioritizing prevalent sex or onset age‐specific symptoms, rather than addressing with all nonmotor symptoms. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Most people with Parkinson's disease experience nonmotor symptoms including autonomic nervous symptoms as the disease progresses.Nonmotor symptoms can affect quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease, but related factors are not fully understood. What this paper adds? This paper identified the presentations of nonmotor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease based on sex and onset age. The implications of this paper: Nurses enable people with Parkinson's disease to actively engage in self‐care of their own symptoms by educating Parkinson's disease related and how to cope with the symptoms in advance.Individualized nursing care reflecting the disease characteristics is needed to improve patient engagement in symptom management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to explore the association between medication literacy and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients. Background: Blood pressure control is a challenge for global health systems. Medication literacy is essential for medication self‐management in hypertensive patients and a basis for managers to develop comprehensive intervention strategies for hypertension medication use. Design: A cross‐sectional observational study was conducted. Methods: A total of 378 hypertensive patients was selected by convenience sampling from two tertiary hospitals and four community health service centres from December 2021 to January 2022 in Changsha, China. Associations between medication literacy and blood pressure control were identified with chi‐square, independent samples t‐tests and logistic regression analyses. Results: The average medication literacy score of the hypertensive patients investigated was low. Over a third of patients had uncontrolled blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis showed that medication literacy was an influencing factor for blood pressure control rate in hypertensive patients. Conclusions: Medication literacy and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients was poor. Medication literacy was a facilitator of blood pressure control so improving medication literacy may be of value to improve blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Medication literacy is essential for medication self‐management in hypertensive patientsThe association between medication literacy and blood pressure control in hypertensive patients is unclear. What this paper adds? Medication literacy and blood pressure control rates among hypertensive patients were poor and in need of urgent improvement.Medication literacy was a facilitator of blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. The implications of this paper: Clinical nurses may enhance hypertension management by improving medication literacy.Findings provide a base for implementing medication literacy intervention strategies and promoting blood pressure management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This review investigated the outcomes and methodological quality of infant sleep intervention studies utilizing actigraphy. Background: Parents need appropriate support for infant sleep from nurses. There are few methodological reports of actigraphy in infant sleep intervention studies that objectively measure infant sleep in a natural setting. Design: This was a systematic review study. Data Sources Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from database establishment to 30 December 2021. Review Methods: This systematic review utilized the Cochrane Collaboration review guidelines. Results: Eleven sleep intervention studies were reviewed. Three used extinction‐based behavioural interventions, and eight included parental education programs. The infant sleep interventions positively affected the sleep outcomes of both infants and parents. Fairly consistent effects were found on infants' number of awakenings and sleep onset latency. However, parental psychosocial outcomes were inconsistent. All studies reported device placement, the algorithm for analysis, the use of a sleep diary and number of days/nights, but external movements affecting infants' sleep records were insufficiently reported. Only two studies had a low risk of bias. Conclusions: The infant sleep interventions had positive effects on both infants and their parents. Comprehensive methodological considerations are required for more standardized assessments using actigraphy for infant sleep evaluation. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Strong evidence exists that behavioural interventions improve infant sleep.Infant sleep interventions using actigraphy have gradually increased in paediatric sleep research. What this paper adds: Behavioural interventions were found to be fairly effective for infants' sleep onset latency and night‐wakings.Parental education programs were inconsistent in their effectiveness on infant sleep outcomes, compared to extinction‐based behavioural interventions. Infant behavioural sleep interventions also did not show consistent positive effects on parental variables.The use of actigraphy with infants is challenging in terms of comparability across studies due to the lack of standardized criteria for defining and scoring daytime and nighttime sleep data, and unexpected external movement detection due to variability of infants' sleep conditions. The implications of this paper: This study contributes to nursing knowledge and practice by increasing the feasibility of implementing infant behavioural sleep interventions using actigraphy and considering family contexts.Meta‐analysis is needed to clarify the effectiveness of infant sleep interventions, and further studies should investigate the long‐term effects of infant sleep interventions.In infant sleep intervention studies using actigraphy, it is necessary to use subjective and objective measures as complementary modalities. Follow‐up studies are needed to establish standards in actigraphic measurement and reporting methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to explore the influence of Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health‐related behaviours of Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This descriptive qualitative study conducted semi‐structured interviews with 15 Chinese women between November 2022 and January 2023. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Three major themes are found: (1) beliefs in health, (2) beliefs in illness and GDM and (3) beliefs in health‐related behaviours. They worried about the negative effects of GDM on the infant and family, so they actively sought medical advice to maintain health. However, it is challenging for them to balance adhering to healthcare professionals' advice and avoiding practical difficulties in the impact of the Chinese sociocultural context. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the influence of Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health‐related behaviours of women with GDM. Healthcare providers should recognize the influence of Chinese culture, customs and beliefs on women with GDM and their families, in order to provide individualized education to help them maintain health‐related behaviours. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing in China and affects 14.8% of pregnant women.Some personal beliefs about illness and health can lead to inadequate self‐care behaviours and thus failure to achieve optimal self‐management and health goals.Factors of Chinese sociocultural content and Chinese traditional culture and customs may have different influences on Chinese married women's beliefs in health, illness and health‐related behaviours. What this paper adds? Influenced by Chinese culture and customs, Chinese women's perspectives on gestational diabetes are bidirectional. They fear the negative effects of the disease on infants' and families' health and actively seek help, while some try to balance following professional advice and practical difficulties, such as diet control and self‐glucose monitoring.The low‐risk self‐management awareness, lack of adequate healthcare knowledge, and self‐care practice in Chinese women with GDM are one of the factors that lead to practical difficulties in GDM management.Understanding the impact of traditional Chinese culture and customs on the beliefs and health‐related behaviours of women with GDM, well‐trained healthcare professionals can disseminate personalized health education to individuals, families and communities to improve GDM management in these women. The implications of this paper: Health providers need to constantly update the GDM guidelines with Chinese cultural characteristics based on the cultural acceptance and customs of Chinese women with GDM in order to offer them individualized care and scientific advice.The findings of this study could act as a clinical resource for health professionals to investigate the impact of differences in culture and customs across countries or regions on individual beliefs and health‐related behaviours in different populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vaccination is the most important public health practice for preventing infectious diseases and maintaining health. However, some parents are hesitant to vaccinate their children. Design: This study was designed as an instrument development study. Methods: This study aimed to develop a scale to measure the attitudes of parents with children aged 0–5 years towards vaccination and to evaluate the validity and reliability of this scale. The data were collected from 691 participants between November 2020 and January 2021. During the development of the scale, experts provided feedback on its technical, content and language dimensions. The data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for conceptual validity and Cronbach's α and item‐level test–retest analyses for reliability. Results: The developed scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring attitudes towards vaccination among parents (Cronbach's α = 0.97, variance explained by these 28‐item two factors = 62.47%). Conclusion: This scale can be used as a guide in measuring the attitudes of parents towards vaccination and determining the direction of primary health‐care services based on the results of the measurement. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Vaccination plays an important role in health practice.Parents' attitudes towards vaccination affect their children's vaccination status.Increasing vaccination rates in children will contribute to the reduction of infectious diseases and mortality. What this paper adds? A new valid and reliable measurement tool for determining vaccine hesitancy has been developed.The validity and reliability of the scale of attitudes towards vaccination among parents of children aged 0–5 years were tested.The tool could be used to determine the attitudes of parents of children aged 0–5 years towards vaccination. The implications of this paper The scale may help in determining factors affecting parents' attitudes on vaccination.The scale can generate data to guide nursing practices to increase vaccination rates.The scale can be used to influence nursing practices to increase vaccination rates and promote vaccine awareness, trust and acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vaccination is a crucial protective intervention to prevent adult mortality and morbidity. Personal perceptions and resources have an important place in the vaccination decision. Aim: This study aimed to modify the Public Attitude Towards Vaccination–Health Belief Model scale for adult vaccines and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Overall, 626 people participated in this methodological study. Content validity index, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency and item‐total score correlation were used for validity and reliability. The independent samples t test, logistic regression analysis and ROC analysis were used for criterion and concurrent validity. Results: In confirmatory factor analysis, values of fit indices were excellent or acceptable. The Cronbach alpha value was between 0.83 and 0.92. According to criterion validity, the susceptibility, severity, benefit, and health motivation scores of those with the vaccine were higher than those without, whereas their barrier score was lower. The barrier subscale was a risk factor, whereas the benefit score was a protective factor that increased the likelihood of vaccination. The concurrent validity of the scale was tested with the COVID‐19 vaccine. While the barrier subscale's ability to distinguish between vaccinated (specificity) and unvaccinated (sensitivity) individuals is excellent, it is acceptable for the other subscales. Conclusion: Modified PAVS‐HBM is valid and reliable for adult vaccines. This scale was associated with vaccination behaviour and distinguished between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Vaccination rates are low in many countries due to issues of access, economy and infrastructure and in countries that provide vaccines.Low vaccination rates in adults are associated with mortality and morbidity.Vaccination management success is enhanced by orientation towards individual perceptions. What this paper adds? The modified Public Attitude Towards Vaccination Scale–Health Belief Model (PAVS‐HBM) was demonstrated as a reliable and valid scale.This scale explains the vaccination behaviour for different adult vaccines.This scale's ability to distinguish between vaccinated (specificity) and unvaccinated (sensitivity) individuals is acceptable to excellent. The implications of this paper for practice: The scale can be used as a tool for researchers to evaluate the probability of individuals being vaccinated and to determine risk groups for vaccine refusal.It can be integrated with many models focused on behaviour change, and when used with a health model, the scale's explanation of individuals' vaccination behaviour can guide the structuring of nursing interventions for vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The utilization of patient experience surveying by health care institutions has become increasingly prevalent, yet its effectiveness in promoting quality improvement remains uncertain. To enhance the utility of patient feedback, the examination of free‐text comments may provide valuable insights to guide patient experience strategy. Aims: This study aims to explore the utility of free‐text comments and identify key differences for patient experience drivers between Net Promoter Score (NPS) subcategories of Detractors, Passives, and Promoters. Methods: Evaluation and classification of comments was conducted using the eight Picker Principles of Person Centred Care, with descriptive analysis of patient comments performed on the NPS data. Results: Analysis of patient NPS comments can be classified into three key drivers: "feeling well‐treated" (for Detractors), "feeling comfortable" (for Passives), and "feeling valued" (for Promoters). Specifically, Detractor comments provided the most comprehensive and detailed feedback to guide patient experience improvement activities. Conclusion: This study highlights differences between NPS subcategories, particularly regarding aspects of safety, comfort, and feeling valued. Comments from Detractor respondents may be especially useful for guiding quality improvements due to increased specificity and insights. These results also emphasize the essential nature of empathy and compassionate interactions between patients and clinicians to achieve the highest level of patient satisfaction and experience. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? There is a large amount of patient experience data collected worldwide, including system‐level mandated metrics, such as Net Promoter Score (NPS) and the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey.Despite this, health care organizations may experience challenges with effectively analysing patient experience data and gathering insights from patient feedback.As such, there is an opportunity to improve the analysis of patient experience data—particularly qualitative data from patient comments—which may improve the understanding of patient experiences and identify key areas for health care improvement. What this paper adds? The study revealed significant differences in patient experience drivers among NPS subcategories (i.e., Detractors, Passives, and Promoters).These findings emphasize the importance of addressing patients' needs for safety, comfort, and feeling valued.Specifically, the Detractor comments offered rich insights for guiding health care improvement activities. The implications of this paper: The findings illustrate the importance of empathetic and compassionate interactions between patients and clinicians, which is essential to attain the highest levels of patient‐reported experience measures.This study may assist health care organizations to maximize the insights obtained from patient feedback and support development of a data‐driven patient experience strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to identify the effects of a web‐based birth preparation programme based on the Health Belief Model and supported by motivational interviews on fear of childbirth, self‐efficacy and the labour process in primigravida women. Methods: The study was conducted in a single‐blind, randomized controlled design with 73 pregnant women. The Birth Health Belief Scale, the Wijma Delivery Expectation/Experience Questionnaire A‐B, the Childbirth Self‐efficacy Scale and the Labour Process Assessment forms were used to collect data. Five sessions of motivational interviews were held with the pregnant women in the experimental group, while those in the control group were administered placebo education. Results: Fear of birth was lower, and the birth self‐efficacy total score was higher in the experimental group. None of the groups indicated significant differences in terms of their mode of delivery. Conclusion: Health Belief Model‐based web‐based birth preparation programme and motivational interviews were found to reduce the fear of birth, increase self‐efficacy and positively affect the birth process in primigravida women. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Caesarean delivery is an important health problem that is common all over the world.Fear of childbirth and low self‐efficacy are two important reasons for the increase in the frequency of caesarean section rates.Nurses can make important contributions to the prevention of optional caesarean birth by providing women with health education.What this paper adds? The web‐based birth preparation programme based on the Health Belief Model and motivational interview decreased fear of birth and improved attitudes and behaviours towards vaginal delivery by increasing health beliefs and birth self‐efficacy.The implications of this paper: This study brings a new perspective, indicating that a birth preparation programme based on the Health Belief Model and supported by motivational interviews with primigravida women is an effective method of preventing elective caesarean delivery.It is recommended that nurses use web‐based training tools and conduct cognitive behavioural strategies in antenatal classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the effect of hydrotherapy applied in the first stage of labour on the health of mother and newborn. Methods: This systematic review and meta‐analysis was carried out by following PRISMA. The studies were obtained by scanning EBSCO, PubMed, Science Direct, Ovid, Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases. Twenty studies published between 2013 and 2023 were included. Results: The total sample size of the studies was 8254 (hydrotherapy: 2953, control: 5301). Meta‐analyses showed that the perception of pain decreased, comfort level and vaginal birth rate were higher and assisted vaginal birth rate and APGAR scores in the first minute were lower in women who underwent hydrotherapy. There was no difference between groups in terms of the duration of the first and second stage of labour, episiotomy, perineal trauma, intrapartum and postpartum bleeding amounts, use of pain medication and labour augmentations, APGAR scores in the fifth minute, positive neonatal bacterial culture and neonatal intensive care unit need. Conclusion: This study revealed that the results that hydrotherapy decreased the perception of pain and assisted birth, increased the rate of vaginal birth and comfort level and did not adversely affect the health of the mother and baby during the birth process. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Hydrotherapy is a non‐pharmacological technique used in labour.Studies showed that hydrotherapy applied in the first stage of labour is an effective technique for lessening the intensity of labour pain, reducing the need for assisted vaginal childbirth and augmentation and lowering episiotomy rates. What this paper adds This study summarizes the evidence that hydrotherapy is effective in increasing vaginal birth rates and comfort, reducing pain during labour and assisted vaginal birth rates.This review revealed that hydrotherapy does not impact the duration of the first and second stages of labour, perineal trauma or episiotomy, the use of pain relief, labour augmentation, intrapartum/postpartum haemorrhage and neonatal outcomes. The implications of this paper: Increasing availability for reliable evidence about the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for reducing pain in the first stage of labour and rates of assisted vaginal birth, increasing vaginal birth rates, comfort and satisfaction is likely to be beneficial both in theory and practice for all stakeholders, including pregnant women, midwives, nurses and obstetricians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of bronchial asthma‐related factors on the emotional well‐being of adolescents with bronchial asthma and their primary caregivers. Background: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic disease in childhood and adolescence that can have a psychological impact on both patients and their primary caregivers. Methods: The study used a cross‐sectional design and included 150 patient–caregiver dyads diagnosed with bronchial asthma, aged between 12 and 16 years and collected between 2018 and 2020. It assessed the emotional adjustment of both patients and caregivers and recorded variables related to the disease. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to perform statistical analyses. Results: Caregivers had higher anxiety and depression scores than patients. Good adherence to treatment was necessary for the emotional adjustment of the dyad. Controlled asthma, good adherence to treatment and a reduction in medical treatment were the primary predictors of emotional adjustment. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of assessing anxiety and depression levels in both patients and caregivers because the presence of these symptoms can lead to the misuse of medication, inadequate inhalation techniques, the omission of medication and reduced confidence in controlling asthma symptoms. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Certain variables related to asthma, such as its degree of control, severity, duration of diagnosis and adherence, have been linked to adjustment to the disease by the adolescent–caregiver dyad. What this paper adds? Caregivers had higher anxiety and depression scores than patients.Good adherence to treatment was necessary for the emotional adjustment of the dyad.Controlled asthma, good adherence to treatment and a reduction in medical treatment were the primary predictors of emotional adjustment. The implications of this paper: The study evaluated the variables in combination to identify risk and healthier profiles in the dyad's emotional adjustment and identified variables related to the disease most associated with emotional adjustment to the disease in the dyad.Identifying the risk and health profiles in emotional adjustment in both the adolescent and his or her caregiver may be used to mitigate future consequences related to poor adjustment to asthma.Knowledge of these variables allows health professionals to design psychoeducational programmes to ensure better adaptation to the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to present national data for children and adolescents requiring hospitalization in Thailand. Background: Feeding and eating disorders can cause life‐threatening and negative health impacts. In Asia, the prevalence is rising. Data from children and adolescents in Thailand are limited. Design: This study is a retrospective study of the national database. Methods: Data from the National Health Security Office database on Universal Health Insurance Coverage (2015–2019) of 0–17‐year‐olds were analysed by diagnosis (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, vomiting associated with psychological disturbances, other eating disorders and unspecified eating disorders). Descriptive statistics, chi‐square test and multinomial logistic regression were used. Results: There were 163 patients, averaging 9.4 ± 5.2 years old, requiring 205 admissions. Most diagnoses showed stable trends, except for a slight decrease in anorexia and unspecified eating disorders. Most admissions were due to unspecified eating disorders and psychogenic vomiting, followed by anorexia nervosa. The overall prevalence was 3.86 per 100 000 admissions. Anorexia had the highest hospital costs and re‐admission rates. Anorexia nervosa was most prevalent in early adolescence and females, while bulimia nervosa was most prominent in middle adolescence and had a male predominance. Conclusion: Early recognition in clinical practice could increase early detection and improve outcomes. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions that involve unhealthy eating habits and cause fatal medical complications.Most studies have been reported from Western or developed countries; recently, more data are emerging from the East, particularly in developing countries including the Southeast Asia.Underdiagnoses and underdetection can cause delayed treatment and prognosis. What this paper adds? Some types of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa have specific characteristics. ○Anorexia nervosa was mostly prominent among early adolescents but was also found in younger children. Patients with anorexia nervosa required a longer length of stay, had the highest re‐admission rate and had the highest treatment cost per admission.○Bulimia nervosa was more prominent during middle adolescence. Contrasting to previous literature, we found that Thai males were diagnosed with bulimia nervosa 2.5 times higher than females.○Psychogenic vomiting was prominent in children of both sexes. The implications of this paper: We present the prevalence of national data on feeding and eating disorders among children and adolescents, but we believe that there are more patients with eating disorders outside the health care system, who remain underdetected and underdiagnosed.For early detection, minimizing admissions and complications, clinicians, nurses and health care providers who are at the front line are encouraged to recognize eating disorders, particularly in this era where body image is a concern for adolescents.This study portrays feeding and eating disorders among children and adolescents in Thailand, and the trends may represent counties that have similar socioeconomic backgrounds and health care systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The primary aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to evaluate the effects of home nurse visiting on infant weight and breastfeeding; the secondary aim is to determine the duration, frequency and content of home visits. Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase (Ovid), Web of Science, Google Scholar and DergiPark databases for publications between September 2000 and January 2019 was conducted using established methods in compliance with the PRISMA‐P declaration guideline. Two authors independently evaluated the studies for inclusion and bias, extracted the data and checked their accuracy. Results: This meta‐analysis includes a total of 34 studies, 28 on breastfeeding and nine on infant weight. The average effect size of the 28 studies investigating the effect on breastfeeding was found to be OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.73–2.90; p < 0.001. The average effect size of the nine studies investigating the effect on infant weight was found to be ES: 0.197; 95% CI: 0.027–0.368; p < 0.05. Conclusion: There is an association between nurse home visits and breastfeeding and infant weight. Home visits by nurses should continue to remain within the nursing role and be analysed appropriately for mother and baby health. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Two of the most important factors affecting infant morbidity and mortality are infant weight and breastfeeding.Although breastfeeding has numerous benefits for the baby, breastfeeding rates are decreasing in the world and in Turkey. Breastfeeding improves infant health and supports development.One of the factors that negatively affects infant health is low or below expected body weight. Inadequate weight gain will in turn negatively affect the healthy growth of the baby.It has been found that care, education and support related to breastfeeding and infant weight improve outcomes for babies and their mothers but there is no evidence that home visitation is an effective way to deliver this care. What this paper adds? Review results indicate home visits have a significant effect on improving infant health. A positive effect was detected between nurse home visits and breastfeeding and infant weight. The implications of this paper: Home visits should be presented and analysed appropriately for the mother and baby's health.Education, care and support during home visits help mothers breastfeed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The management and nursing care of women's temperature during delivery is an important part of clinical obstetrics. We aimed to evaluate maternal intrapartum fever during epidural labour analgesia to provide evidence for the management and care of women in labour. Methods: This study was conducted and reported according to the STROBE statement. Women in labour undergoing epidural labour analgesia in our hospital from 1 January 2021 to 31 August 2022 were retrospectively selected. The characteristics of women in labour with and without intrapartum fever were compared. Pearson correlation and logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the influencing factors of postpartum fever. Results: A total of 196 women in labour were included, the incidence of maternal intrapartum fever in women in labour undergoing epidural analgesia was 27.5%. Pearson correlation analyses showed that BMI, oxytocin use, labour duration, number of vaginal examinations, time from rupture of the foetal membranes to the end of labour and duration of epidural analgesia were all correlated with the occurrence of intrapartum fever (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses indicated that body mass index ≥28 kg/m2(OR = 1.825), oxytocin use (OR = 2.082), labour duration ≥9.2 h (OR = 2.613), number of vaginal examinations ≥8 (OR = 2.044–3.115), the time from rupture of the foetal membranes to the end of labour ≥250 min (OR = 2.766) and duration of epidural analgesia ≥300 min (OR = 3.106) were risk factors for intrapartum fever in women in labour undergoing epidural analgesia (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Maternal intrapartum fever in women in labour undergoing epidural analgesia is common and influenced by many factors. Nurses should take early preventive care measures according to these factors during epidural analgesia in labour. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Maternal intrapartum fever is commonly seen during epidural analgesia in labour in clinical practice.Intrapartum fever management and nursing care are important to the comfort and prognosis of women in labour. What this paper adds The incidence of maternal intrapartum fever in women in labour undergoing epidural analgesia was 27.5%.BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, oxytocin use, labour duration ≥9.2 h, number of vaginal examinations ≥8, the time from rupture of the foetal membranes to the end of labour ≥250 min and duration of epidural analgesia ≥300 min were risk factors for intrapartum fever. The implications of this paper Targeted nursing care to address identified risk factors are needed to reduce rates of maternal intrapartum fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to map intimate partner violence evidence among indigenous women and explore the prevalence, social and systemic factors contributing to this occurrence. Methods: This is a scoping review following the steps recommended by the JBI. We searched the MEDLINE/PubMed®, Web of Science™, Embase, CINAHL and LILACS databases on March 2023. Studies that addressed the intimate partner violence topic among indigenous women and risk factors, without time and language limitations, were included. Detailed information was extracted, standardized by JBI. Results: Twenty studies of different designs were included, all published in English, between 2004 and 2022. A high intimate partner violence prevalence among indigenous women was identified, associated with a great diversity of risk factors. Conclusion: The great diversity of identified factors associated with its occurrence shows the complexity of this problem and the vulnerability of indigenous women. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Intimate partner violence is a serious social and public health problem.Worldwide, a third of women aged between 15 and 49 who have a partner have already experience or are experiencing intimate partner violence.One in three women experience intimate partner violence during their lifetime. What this paper adds? The study presents intimate partner violence prevalence among indigenous women based on evidence.The study explores the social and systemic factors that contribute to this prevalence. The implications of this paper: Nurses are necessary agents not only in providing care but also in articulating and developing strategies to deal with violence, especially intimate partner violence.In nurses' work with indigenous health, it is essential to understand the health–disease process in a broader way, including the ethnic–cultural aspects.The study points out that embracing, understanding and respecting cultural diversity and social support are aspects to be considered in prevention, protection and health promotion strategies for these women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aims to examine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms and identify predictors of anxiety among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners and explore the mediating role of marital satisfaction between maternal and paternal anxiety. Design: A cross‐sectional study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, from July 2021 to May 2022. Methods: A total of 306 dyads of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners completed the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, Locke–Wallace Marital Adjustment Test and the socio‐demographic and clinical data sheet. Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 32.4% and 36.6% in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners, respectively. The predictors of maternal anxiety were paternal anxiety, maternal marital satisfaction, maternal monthly salary, fasting glucose value and 1‐h glucose value. By contrast, the predictors of paternal anxiety were maternal anxiety, paternal marital satisfaction and paternal monthly salary. Moreover, the relationship between maternal and paternal anxiety was mediated by marital satisfaction. Conclusions: The anxiety symptoms of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners influence each other, and this relationship was mediated by marital satisfaction. Every couple should be screened for anxiety symptoms and treated as a team rather than focusing solely on the pregnant woman. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Gestational diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with various short‐ and long‐term adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus is stressful for pregnant women and their partners.No studies have been conducted to examine and compare the anxiety symptoms among pregnant women with GDM and their partners in mainland China. What this paper adds? The anxiety symptoms of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners influence each other.The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was high in both pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners.Marital satisfaction played a mediating role between maternal and paternal anxiety. The implications of this paper: Study findings provide important information to guide future practice for nurses and other health‐care professionals.For the future, routine screening for anxiety symptoms is necessary for both pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners; mental health support should be delivered in a timely fashion for couples.Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their partners should be treated as a team rather than focusing solely on pregnant women, with couples given training on enhancing marital satisfaction skills to prevent and reduce their anxiety symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of delirium in intensive care units. Background: Delirium is a common complication in intensive care units. In developing countries, it can be misdiagnosed or unrecognised. Design: Prospective cohort study reported according to the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology criteria. Methods: We included patients who were conscious, >18 years old, and admitted to the intensive care units for at least 8 h between December 2019 and February 2020. Patients with a Richmond score of −4 or −5, mental disability, receptive aphasia and/or visual or auditory impairment were excluded from the study. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM‐ICU), whereas the functional outcome was assessed by the Katz Activity of Daily Living Index. Results: This study included 111 patients with a delirium incidence of 31.5%. The severity of illness was the only significant predictor of delirium. Patients with delirium had longer intensive care unit and in‐hospital stays in contrast to those without delirium. Delirium was associated with in‐hospital and 4‐month mortality but not the activities of daily living. Conclusions: Delirium is associated with increased length of stay and mortality. Further investigation to determine whether delirium management can improve outcomes is warranted. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Delirium is a common complication in the intensive care unit and can affect patients' outcomes.The incidence and the effect of delirium on patients' outcomes in low‐resource countries remain largely unexplored. Delirium is potentially underdiagnosed and commonly undetected in these countries. What this paper adds? Delirium is associated with a longer duration of stay in the hospital and the intensive care unit as well as mortality in the hospital and 4 months after discharge.Delirium may not affect long‐term functional outcomes after discharge.The severity of illness is an independent predictor of delirium. The implications of this paper In low‐resource countries, the increased length of stay can add a significant burden on healthcare systems.Proper management of delirium will potentially maximise resource utilisation.Delirium affects mortality and length of stay, thus investigating the effect of the current management protocols on these outcomes is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to develop a model to help parents cope with decisional conflict. Background: Parents of children with congenital heart defect experience decisional conflict when they are uncertain about treatment decisions for their child, which may lead to delay in seeking care or distress over the decision made. Design: Correlational design with model building and data triangulation was used. Methods: Data were collected through surveys and interviews with a consecutive sample of 221 parent respondents from June to December 2018. Structural equation modelling and qualitative data analysis were used. Results: Lower decisional conflict was seen in parents with higher income, more nurse support and physician risk communication. Time delay for surgery was correlated with the child's age, social service coverage, and social support. Decisional conflict mediated the influence of income, nurse support and physician risk communication on satisfaction with decision. Based on model fit parameters, the emerging model is a good and parsimonious model of decisional conflict. The overall theme, 'Deciding for Surgery: What Matters Most', described the processes parents went through in making treatment decisions. Conclusion: Nurses may help parents feel more certain, less conflicted, and more satisfied with their decision by addressing factors including knowledge gaps, personal values, available support, and resource access. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Decisional conflict occurs when parents are uncertain of the best action for their child because treatment options entail risks for undesirable outcomes, value compromise, unclear prognosis, or anticipated regret over the decision.Professional support, information, and communication are vital to parents' decision‐making process.Child, parent, and support factors may influence parent treatment decisions in varied paediatric conditions. What this paper adds? Child's age at the time of decision‐making had an effect on the delay in surgery. However, assisting parents to weigh their options and focus on personal values allowed them to make their treatment decision.Low income, costly health services, and bureaucratic processes impeded the timely availment of surgery. Healthcare reforms that provide a system of government funding, streamlined health structure, and social insurance may be looked into.Family support weighed in on the parents' decision to delay surgery for fear of blame or guilt. Providing relevant information enabled parents to make a choice and stand by their decision regardless of the outcome. The implications of this paper: Modelling provides a framework to identify which factors are more important and how they interact to affect decision‐making. It may be used as an approach to find solutions to clinical problems for groups with different diagnoses.Though nursing support, information, and communication are essential, a more holistic family nursing care approach may be considered to assist parents to make appropriate treatment decisions for their child.Familiarity with the healthcare system may equip nurses to aid parents in processing available healthcare funding and dealing with financial uncertainty affecting decisions for their child's treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Choosing Wisely is an international movement that stimulates conversations about unnecessary care. The campaign created five recommendations including a statement that less wound care is sometimes better. Aims: The study aims to evaluate nurses' and physicians' adherence to the Choosing Wisely recommendations for acute wound care in the Netherlands and the barriers and facilitators to improve this. Design: This is a mixed methods study using a survey and interviews. Methods: The survey was completed by 171 nurses and 71 physicians from November 2017 to February 2018. A total of 17 nurses and 6 physicians were interviewed. Results: Awareness of the five recommendations ranged from 62% to 89% for nurses and 46% to 85% for physicians. However, up to 15% of the nurses and 28% of physicians were aware but did not adhere to the recommendations. Barriers to adhering were a lack of knowledge, the work environment and perceptions of patients' preferences. Repeated attention, cost‐consciousness and an open culture facilitated the implementation. Conclusion: Although most nurses and physicians were aware of the recommendations, not all adhered to them. Increasing awareness is not enough for successful implementation. A tailored approach that removes the barriers is necessary, such as increasing knowledge about wounds and changing the work environment. Summary statement: What is already known on this topic? Less wound care is sometimes better: cleaning wounds with tap water only, not bathing wounds, using simple bandages and not using bandages on wounds healing by primary intention leads to better wound care for lower costs.It is unknown to what extent this is known and practiced by nurses and physicians and what barriers and facilitators they experience in practicing this. What this paper adds? Although the majority of nurses and physicians were aware of the Choosing Wisely recommendations for acute wounds, not all adhered to them.Awareness is not always sufficient for successful implementation, which requires a broader approach that targets the barriers. The implications of this paper Implementation of these recommendations can be improved by increasing knowledge about wounds and wound care, changing the work environment, and verifying the patient's presumed preferences regarding wound care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This review aimed to examine the content, frequency, duration, and outcomes of nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes on glycosylated haemoglobin levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Background: Diabetes self‐management programmes improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes to acquire specific behavioural changes and develop effective problem‐solving skills. Design: A systematic review was used in this study. Data sources PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, CINAHL, Proquest and Scopus databases were searched for studies published in English until February 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Review methods: This study followed the recommendations of the Cochrane 2022 guidelines and was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis. Results: Eight studies with 1747 participants met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included telephone coaching, consultation services and individual and group education. The duration of the intervention ranged from 3 to 15 months. The results showed that nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes had positive and clinically significant effects on glycosylated haemoglobin levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: These findings highlight the important role of nurses in improving self‐management and achieving glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The positive outcomes of this review offer suggestions for health care professionals to develop effective self‐management programnmes in type 2 diabetes treatment and care. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Prevention of complications and achievement of optimal glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes is important. For this reason, self‐management is the basis of diabetes care.Diabetes self‐management programmes improve glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes by acquiring specific behavioural changes and developing effective problem‐solving skills.What this paper adds? These results show that nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes have positive and clinically significant effects on HbA1c levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.Nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes with long follow‐up periods, taking at least 6 months and repeating programmes that include education and consultancy services at certain intervals appear more effective.The implications of this paper: These findings highlight the pioneering role of nurses in improving self‐management and achieving glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes should be integrated into healthcare services and access.This review will guide the design of future studies related to nurse‐led diabetes self‐management programmes for individuals with type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The study aimed to develop and evaluate the effects of a self‐determination theory‐based, nurse‐led, physical activity programme for postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Between December 2019 and April 2020, this randomized controlled trial recruited 62 postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis from a university‐affiliated hospital in South Korea. The intervention group participated in a self‐determination theory‐based, nurse‐led, physical activity programme that consisted of Tai Chi‐based physical activity, a supportive psychosocial strategy, and interactive counselling for 16 weeks, and the control group continued to undergo their usual care. Results: There were statistically significant group‐by‐time interactions in physical activity and perceived sarcopenia, which favoured the intervention group. Additionally, the intervention group showed significant improvements in the perceived therapeutic efficacy of physical activity, grip strength, walking speed, disease activity score, and health‐related quality of life. Conclusions: The programme developed in this study can be an effective and feasible approach for postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis in improving physical activity, selected osteosarcopenic outcomes, and health‐related quality of life. Further research is required to investigate the long‐term effects of this theory‐based programme for postmenopausal women in diverse settings. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Tai Chi‐based physical activity has been known to be a component of self‐management for rheumatoid arthritis. What this paper adds? It highlights the efficacy of a theory‐based, nurse‐led, physical activity programme to improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis.The evidenced‐based programme could be transferred to postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical settings. The implications of this paper: The self‐determination theory‐based, nurse‐led, physical activity programme can improve physical and psychosocial outcomes in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis.Importantly, this nurse‐led and theory‐based programme is expected to be applicable to postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical settings, including both hospitals and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breathing exercises, such as diaphragmatic breathing and positive expiratory pressure (PEP), relieve breathlessness in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of breathing exercises with PEP and reading aloud on vital signs, fatigue level, severity of dyspnoea and respiratory function parameters in patients with COPD. Design: The study followed a randomized controlled trial of COPD patients from a single hospital in eastern Turkey. Methods: The study included 103 patients who were randomly assigned to receive pre‐reading exercises, breathing exercises with a PEP device or no intervention for 8 weeks. Results: The use of a PEP device improved oxygen saturation, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) values and reduced fatigue and dyspnoea severity. Reading aloud lowered the mean arterial pressure and reduced fatigue and dyspnoea severity. Conclusion: The study concludes that PEP devices and reading aloud can improve respiratory function in patients with COPD. Additionally, reading aloud is an accessible, easy‐to‐implement and economically feasible method for treating COPD symptoms. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes cough, shortness of breath, fatigue and impaired exercise capacity. The most common symptoms are dyspnoea and fatigue.The treatment and prognosis of COPD require skilled nursing care. Breathing exercises guided by nurses relieved the symptoms.Information technologies are increasingly used for COPD monitoring and therapy. Remote patient monitoring, especially the use of wearables, can improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare expenditures.What this paper adds? Reading aloud and positive expiratory pressure (PEP) breathing exercises can improve vital signs and lung function in patients with COPD, with the latter being more effective.Wearable technologies for remote patient monitoring can help manage COPD and improve patient outcomes.The implications of this paper: Wearable technologies for remote patient monitoring can support COPD management and improve patient outcomes.Pulmonary exercise devices improve oxygen saturation, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) in COPD patients while reducing fatigue and dyspnoea. These devices help patients with COPD breathe easily.Reading aloud reduces fatigue, dyspnoea and mean arterial pressure. COPD patients can benefit from reading newspapers, magazines and novels aloud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to test the effect of Otago exercises on fear of falling, balance, empowerment and functional mobility in older people living in nursing homes. Methods: This study is a parallel‐group randomized controlled trial. In total, 56 individuals were stratified randomized according to age‐gender. Participants were recruited from September 2021 to August 2022. Data were collected at baseline, in the 8th and 12th weeks. The researcher gave Otago exercise training to the intervention group three times per week for the first 4 weeks and applied it to the individuals, and in the next 8 weeks, the researcher visited the institution to ensure the continuity of the exercises and contacted the individuals by phone. Friedman test and generalized linear model were used in the analysis of data. Results: In the study, group and time interaction were found to be significant in terms of the Berg balance scale, 30‐second sit‐and‐stand test, elderly empowerment scale and timed up‐and‐go test. It was determined that the intervention did not improve fear of falling, upper extremity strength and 6‐min walk test results. Conclusion: Health personnel and administrators should have increased awareness about Otago exercises and can recommend implementation of the programme. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Otago exercises are an evidence‐based, home‐based programme for improving balance.What this paper adds? Otago exercises can improve the balance, lower‐extremity strength, elderly empowerment score and timed up‐go test score of older people living in nursing homes.The Otago exercise programme did not improve the fear of falling, the strength of the upper extremities and the 6‐min walk test results for older people living in nursing homes.The implications of this paper: Health personnel and administrators should be aware of the potential benefits of Otago exercises and can recommend implementation of the programme.Nurses working in nursing homes can be taught how to deliver the programme and to plan training to roll out the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]