Search

Compared with sets of House of Commons Sessional Papers, the House of Lords Sessional Papers from 1801 are almost unknown and unused, largely because only two reasonably complete sets have ever existed. A description is given of a major project undertaken by the Department of Trade and Industry Library, in co-operation with the libraries of the Treasury, the Home Office, the House of Lords, the British Museum, the Bodleian, and the National Library of Scotland, to re-arrange and complete the D.T.I. set, to assemble complete sets for the British Museum and the House of Lords, and to make up near-complete sets for the Bodleian and the National Library of Scotland.Differences in arrangement between the Lords and Commons sets are described. The importance to scholars of the Lords Papers is considered, and the amount of duplication between the Lords and Commons sets assessed.A description is also given of work in progress to locate copies of the very rare pre-I800 Lords papers and bills, and to reprint them in facsimile from I64I to I805. A microfilm edition of the Lords Papers from 1806 to 1859 is also nearly complete and ready for publi cation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Because of the complexity of operation of a paper machine, a simulation of operation would provide three avenues through which better startup and operation could be obtained: (1) engineering evaluation, (2) operator training, and (3) control-program evaluation.Prior to the startup of a new high-speed paper machine, a simulation of the stock system where the suspended fibers are formed into a sheet of paper was undertaken. Basic information on the steady-state and dynamic be havior of such a system was obtained on a highly instru mented paper machine having components similar to those of the new machine. The system was analyzed one component at a time to fit available theoretical equations with minor modifications. This allowed reasonable extrap olation and reassembly of the system to describe the new machine.An important factor in describing such a system was the transport lag in the pipelines. This facet of the simulation was accomplished with prewired Padé approximations of these lags. A second important characteristic in describing a paper machine in real time is the long time-constants involved in the rates of change. These may run as long as 10 minutes.A replica of the main control panels was constructed for use as a training aid for the operating crews of the new machine. The panels were programmed on the computer to respond to upsets and grade changes as part of an inten sive training program for the operators.Exploitation of the simulation system is still in progress. It is evident, however, that the smooth startup resulted from careful planning and effective operator training. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article offers the author's insights on a study on how daily newspapers in Sweden cover the U.S. presidential election campaigns in 1968. The author states that the study involved ten daily papers published in Swedish metropolitan areas which are subscribed to the Associated Press (AP) and United Press International (UPI). He says that the comprehensiveness of the news accounts were measured in terms of column centimeters, key developments addressed and key issues covered. He states that the findings suggest that daily metropolitan press in Sweden gave a comprehensive coverage of the election campaigns. He adds that the study provides an example in which editorial decisions on election campaign news can be evaluated.

The manipulation of the physical characteristics of nonwovens and paper by variation of fiber and web geometry is briefly reviewed in terms of a new system of bonding in which the adhesive interfiber forces are a consequence of ionic chemical bonds.These bonds were created by the sequential covalent introduction of anionic sites onto the interior and exterior surfaces of microporous pulp and rayon fibers using a chloro-s-triazinyl fiber reactive dye and subsequent stoichiometric reaction with crosslinking polycations derived from ethylenimine.The tensile properties of both the pulp and rayon fiber assemblages were significantly augmented as a result of the development of both ionic inter- and intra-fiber bonds. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper presents a technique for simulation of the stock preparation and Fourdrinier dynamics which is flexible, convenient, and detailed enough to allow the user to study physical process modifications and transient response dur ing upsets and "furnish" (fibers with different character istics, fillers, dyes, etc.) changes and to evaluate simplified mathematical models and control schemes.The technique uses digital simulation in a block diagram form, each block of which corresponds to one type of physical unit in the process (e.g., cleaner or tanks). Simu lation of a particular process then involves specification of the particular parameters of each physical unit together with the way in which they are interconnected. Individual components of the furnish may be traced through the whole process.A complete wet-end configuration, including the white water recovery system, is simulated using the technique described in the paper, and typical results obtained during grade changes and disturbances are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A paper chromatographic study of the amino acid compositions of several histo logical fractions of wool has been conducted. The fractions considered were epicuticle, cortical cell membranes, paracortex, and regenerated oxidized keratin. Samples of these fractions were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, and quantitative analyses of the amino acid content of these hydrolysates were accomplished through a modification of the standard two-dimensional paper chromatographic technique. The epicuticle was found to contain normal amounts of cystine but extraordinarily large quantities of aspartic acid and glutamic acid. In addition to confirming the results of the phosphotungstic acid analyses for cystine reported in a previous paper [14], the chromatographic studies of the paracortex showed large amounts of the basic and small amounts of the dicar boxylic amino acids to be present. The extremely low total of amino acid content found in the cortical cell membranes indicated the possible presence of some nonprotein constituent. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article focuses on the state of the press in Switzerland. It notes the changes taking place in the field of mass communication, which is evident in the emergence of mass communication studies on Swiss press problems in a development that concurred with the trend towards self-examination noticeable in press circles. It mentions that the first popular-type paper "Blick" published in 1959 garnered violent reactions in the German-language editorial offices. It says that the success of "Blick" have resulted to several consequences: general-information papers have started personalizing their information, simplified editorial language, and a revival of business sense in press circles. It explores the effect of the changes to the French-language and German language press in the country.

Isotherms for the adsorption of carbon dioxide and of water vapor by two paper pulp samples, one slightly beaten and one well beaten, have been observed over a range of temperatures. Heats of adsorption and area of surface concerned have been calculated. For water vapor, the heats of adsorption and the surface area are essentially equal for both pulps. For carbon dioxide, the heat of adsorption is greater and the area is smaller for the well beaten than for the slightly beaten pulp. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]