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The literature review shows research gaps into the food supply chain design. In that context, this paper deals with the design of a sustainable supply chain. A multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model includes four decisions and three sustainable criteria (economic—total network costs—, environmental—carbon emissions—, and social—work conditions and societal development—). The model aims to determine the optimal location and capacity of processing and distribution facilities, to choose the suppliers from a set of potential candidates, to determine transportation modes between all the actors, and to define the quantity of product, in order to satisfy the demand of dairy products in a set of regions. The applicability of the model is tested in a realistic case in the dairy sector in the central region of Colombia. The results show the existent trade-offs between the three dimensions of sustainability. The unweighted balance results, giving more priority to the social dimension, which obtains the least deviation, affecting the environmental performance of the chain. The analysis carried out in this paper does help decision-makers that will have at hand a set of possible configurations to be chosen in order to comply with environmental and social regulations without neglecting economic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tools established for managing information flow in supply chain management and logistics should match digital transformations. This issue is particularly salient for developing nations that hope to achieve sustainable development goals in a globalized era. Modern technologies are required to ensure a secure, transparent, and traceable path of information flow in global supply chains; however, it is not always straightforward for businesses in developing economies to adopt new digital technologies while sustaining productivity. One of the foundational technologies that can be used to create a basis for economic and social systems and to affect manufacturing supply chains in developing economies is blockchain. In this study, we analyze the barriers to blockchain technology adoption in manufacturing supply chains using the neutrosophic analytic hierarchy process (N-AHP). We propose an action plan framework for the validation of blockchain technology in a developing economy. The findings demonstrate that "transaction-level uncertainties" comprise the most critical barrier and have the highest weight in the final ranking followed by "usage in the underground economy", "managerial commitment", "challenges in scalability", and "privacy risks". This paper can assist industrial managers and experts in emerging economies to more clearly identify barriers to the implementation of blockchain technology and show them how to successfully employ blockchain technology in their supply chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]