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2. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Libraries Serving the General Public: Section on Children's Libraries; Section on Libraries for the Blind; Section on Public Libraries. Papers.
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Twelve papers delivered at a joint meeting at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions annual meeting of the Children's Libraries, Public Libraries, and Libraries for the Blind sections of the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public are presented. Most of the papers deal with library services to children, but several are devoted to literacy issues and services to the blind. The following papers are included: (1) "Promotion of Reading Habits through Home Libraries" (S. Panandiker); (2) "Katha and Its Literacy Projects" (G. Dharmarajan); (3) "Children's Books and Children's Libraries in India" (M. Rao); (4) "Illiteracy and Blindness" (A. Leach); (5) "Guidelines for Public Libraries Working with Illiteracy" (B. Thomas); (6) "A Review of the Draft Document 'International Guidelines for Public Libraries Involved in Literacy Work: A Developing Country View'" (H. K. Raskroka); (7) "A Country Overview of Inter-Library Loan Services of Special Format Material for the Visually Handicapped in India" (V. S. Rawat); (8) "Literacy and Development in the Third World: Could Librarianship Make a Difference?" (R. Gassol de Horowitz); (9) "International Cooperation on Library Services to the Visually Handicapped: Outcome of the Asian Seminar" (H. Kawamura); (10) "Thai-Laos Project on Books for Young People" (S. Singlamanan); (11) "Promotion of Literacy of Handicapped Children in India through Library Services" (C. D. Tamboli); and (12) "Meeting the Needs of Students at an International School" (B. Sen). Several papers are followed by references. (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
3. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Management and Technology: Audiovisual Media (RT); Section on Library Services to Multicultural Populations; Section on Library Buildings and Equipment; Section on Information Technology; Management of Library Associations (RT); Section on Statistics. Papers
- Author
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eleven papers delivered at the annual meeting of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions for the Division of Management and Technology are presented. Some were presented at a roundtable on audiovisual media, and others are from sessions on library buildings and equipment, information management, and statistics in library management. The following papers are included: (1) "Sound Archives in All India Radio" (H. M. Joshi); (2) "International Market for Spoken Books" (V. Arora, I. Bell, and M. Jenkins); (3) "Talking Books in Arabic, Kurdish, Turkish, and Urdu" (S. Tastesen); (4) "Library Building in the Tropics: The Saint Martin Experience' (B. Hodge); (5) "Model Architectural Design of a Library: Advantages and Defects of the Soviet Experience" (A. Zimonenko); (6) "Automated Strategies for Social Development" (K. S. Oswalt); (7) "Computer and Software for Information Services: An Overview of Mexican Progress" (J. Lau and M. Castro); (8) "Adapting Technologies for Library Processing Projects: Africa, Asia, and South America" (A. R. Pierce); (9) "Librarianship: Profession, Semi-Profession or Mere Occupation?: Surveying the Process of Change and Development in British Librarianship Today" (M. Freeman); (10) "Probability, Statistics and Library Management" (S. K. Basu); and (11) "Le Mesure de la satisfaction des usagers: Statistiques et enguetes aupres du public" (M.-D. Heusse) (French text). (SLD)
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- 1992
4. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Collections and Services: Section on Acquisition and Exchange; Section on Serial Publications; Section on Interlending and Document Delivery. Papers.
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
Eight papers for the Collections and Services Division of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions that were given at the 1992 annual meeting are presented. These papers deal with the acquisition and exchange of library materials, interlending, and serial publications. The following papers are included: (1) "Why Won't You Accept My Order? Global Acquisitions Solutions" (T. Leisner); (2) "South Asian Literature: Acquisition and Processing in West European Libraries" (G. F. Baumann); (3) "The Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Protocol: Progress and Projects" (L. Swain and P. Tallim); (4) "Sci-Tech Libraries: New Approach to Interlibrary Loans" (E. Eronina); (5) "Improving Interlending through Goal Setting and Performance Measurement" (J. Willemse); (6) "OSIRIS, a Microcomputer Based Online Serials Information, Registration and Inquiry System" (S. Santiago); (7) "Serial Publications in India" (P. K. Gupta); and (8) "Basic Serials Management Handbook" (J. Szilvassy). Most papers are followed by references.
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- 1992
5. Policy and Practice in Initial Teacher Training. Quality in Basic Education: Professional Development of Teachers. Papers Presented at a South Asian Colloquium on Teacher Training (Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 1992).
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Commonwealth Secretariat, London (England). and Thomas, Elwyn
- Abstract
This publication is one of two prepared for a South Asian colloquium on issues related to teacher training in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. This volume includes four papers presented at the conference. The papers present an analytical view of both policy and practical measures on teacher education. The first paper, "The Professional Development and Training of Teacher Educators" (Elwyn Thomas) examines recruitment, training, and career development in teacher education. The second paper, "Teacher Education: The Quest for Quality" (Motilal Sharma), looks at issues in teacher education in Asia, including World Bank involvement and regional cooperation. The third paper, "A Critique of Policy and Practice in India and Bangladesh" (Adarsh Khanna), analyzes preservice and inservice teacher education in India and Bangladesh, the chief strengths of the Indian and Bangladesh systems, and the importance of aid agency projects. The fourth paper, "Initial Teacher Training in Pakistan" (Haroona Jatoi), explores preservice and inservice teacher training in Pakistan. (Individual papers contains references.) (ND)
- Published
- 1993
6. IFLA General Conference, 1992. Division of Special Libraries: Section on Art Libraries; Section on Geography and Map Libraries; Section on Government Libraries; Section on Science and Technology Libraries. Papers.
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International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, London (England).
- Abstract
The following 21 papers were delivered for the Special Libraries Division of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions at its 1992 annual meeting: (1) "From Indochina to Afghanistan: Arts from Abroad in Parisian Libraries" (M. F. Macouin); (2) "The Indonesian Archeology Photograph and Documentation System (IAPDS) in Leiden" (H. I. R. Hinzler); (3) "The Collection Development and Organisation of Art Materials: The Cultural Center of the Philippines in Context" (E. R. Peralejo); (4) "Resources for the Conservation of Southeast Asian Art" (S. G. Swartzburg); (5) "The Moravian Mission and Its Research on the Language and Culture of Western Tibet: A Case Study for Collection Development" (H. Walravens); (6) "The National Art Library and the Indian Collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London" (J. F. van der Wateren); (7) "Collection Development and Acquisition of Art Materials with Special Reference to South and South-East Asia: A Case Study of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts" (A. P. Gakhar); (8) "Map Collection of the National Library and Its Users' Pattern" (D. K. Mittra and A. K. Ghatak); (9) "Russian Maps of Asia" (N. Ye. Kotelnikova); (10) "A Survey of Maps and Atlases Published in India" (A. K. Ghatak); (11) "Government Libraries in India: An Overview" (M. K. Jain); (12) "Technology as an Agent for Communication" (E. J. Valauskas); (13) "Changing Duties: Relations between Library and Information Work" (A. G. A. Staats); (14) "Access to Scientific and Technical Information: The Greenlight or Not?" (D. Stoica); (15) "Initiatives To Facilitate Access to S&T (Science and Technology) Information in India" (A. Lahiri); (16) "Improving Access to Scientific Literature in Developing Countries--A UNESCO Programme Review" (A. Abid); (17) "Science, Technology and Libraries in French-Speaking Africa" (H. Sene); (18) "Productivity, Impact and Quality of Scientific Work at the UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico): Actions for their Acknowledgement" (P. Dector); (19) "The Post-Perestroyika Sci-Tech Libraries: Will They Survive?" (A. Zemskov); (20) "Access to Information and Science Development in the Developing World" (S. Arunachalam); and (21) "Manuscript Collections in Indian Libraries with Special Emphasis on National Library" (S. Akhtar). (SLD)
- Published
- 1992
7. Can You Hear Me? The Right of Young Children to Participate in Decisions Affecting Them. Working Papers in Early Childhood Development, No. 36
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Bernard Van Leer Foundation (Netherlands) and Lansdown, Gerison
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"Can You Hear Me? The Right of Young Children to Participate in Decisions Affecting Them" emphasises that participation enhances children's self-esteem and confidence, promotes their overall capacities, produces better outcomes, strengthens understanding of and commitment to democratic processes and protects children more effectively. Participation provides the opportunity for developing a sense of autonomy, independence, heightened social competence and resilience. The benefits are therefore significant, and adults with both direct and indirect responsibility for children need to acquire a greater humility in recognising that they have a great deal to learn from children. But the case for listening to young children goes beyond the beneficial outcomes. It is also a matter of social injustice and human rights. All people, however young, are entitled to be participants in their own lives, to influence what happens to them, to be involved in creating their own environments, to exercise choices and to have their views respected and valued. (Contains 4 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2005
8. Initial Teacher Training: South Asian Approaches. Quality in Basic Education: Professional Development of Teachers. Papers Prepared for a South Asian Colloquium on Teacher Training in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka (Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 1992).
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Commonwealth Secretariat, London (England).
- Abstract
This publication is one of two prepared for a South Asian Colloquium on issues related to teacher training in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The papers in this volume focus on innovations and alternative strategies designed to improve quality in teacher education at preservice phase. The publication is in five sections. The first four sections were prepared by the respective national Ministries of Education. Section 1 is on Bangladesh and includes an overview of literacy and primary education and a discussion of provisions for initial training of teachers, the funding of education, and problems and remedies. Section 2, on India, includes a brief history of India's educational system, a review of key issues in the National Policy of Education, a discussion of issues facing Indian educators in the nineties, and several data tables. Pakistan is the focus of section 3 which looks at historical perspectives on teacher training, training of elementary and secondary teachers, qualifications for teacher educators, innovations in teacher training, analysis of teacher training programs, financing of teacher education, and recommendations for future development. The fourth section is on Sri Lanka and covers inservice and preservice teacher education, successful innovations in teacher training, problems and issues, and statistical information. The final section is an overview by Beatrice Avalos which summarizes the educational context and the characteristics, issues, and alternatives of teacher education in general and in each of the four countries. (Individual sections contain references.) (ND)
- Published
- 1993
9. Teaching and Research in International Law in Asia and the Pacific. Report of a Regional Consultation Meeting Including Nine Country Status Surveys (Seoul, Republic of Korea, October 10-13, 1984). Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific. RUSHSAP Series on Occasional Monographs and Papers, 11.
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and the Pacific.
- Abstract
Information on teaching and research in international law for countries of the Asia-Pacific region is presented in proceedings of a 1984 conference sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. In addition to a regional overview, suggestions are offered for promoting regional cooperation in international law. Challenges in the teaching and study of international law, problems areas for students graduating in international law, and problems of the profession are considered. Status reports for nine countries on teaching and research in international law are provided by conference participants as follows: Australia (James Crawford), India (M. L. Upadhyaya), Indonesia (Komar Kantaatmadja), Japan (Onuma Yasuaki), Republic of Korea (Chi Young Pak), Pakistan (M. A. Mannan), The Philippines (Adolfo S. Azcuna), Sri Lanka (A. R. B. Amerasinghe), and Thailand (Vitit Muntarbhorn). Appendices include: a conference program, list of participants and brief introductory conference addresses by Jae Hoon Choi, E. Hyock Kwon, Bong-shik Park, and Yogesh Atal. (SW)
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- 1985
10. SOCIAL EDUCATION THROUGH TELEVISION, AN ALL INDIA RADIO-UNESCO PILOT PROJECT. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 38.
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).
- Abstract
TELECLUBS, BECAUSE OF THE NOVELTY OF TELEVISION, WERE SO POPULAR THAT OVERCROWDING, AS WELL AS UNEVEN ATTENDANCE BY CLUB MEMBERS, AFFECTED THE GOAL OF EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TELECASTS ON CITIZENSHIP. GREATER SUCCESS WAS REALIZED IN BRINGING ABOUT SHIFTS IN INFORMATION THAN IN ATTITUDES, PERHAPS, BECAUSE THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP STARTED AT A HIGHER LEVEL OF ATTITUDE THAN INFORMATION. THE MEMBERS WERE MOSTLY LOWER MIDDLE CLASS AND MALE, WITH A HIGH REPRESENTATION OF PROFESSIONALS. A BASELINE SURVEY AND A TERMINAL SURVEY OF 20 CLUBS AND THEIR 418 MEMBERS MEASURED THE IMPACT OF 20 SPECIAL TELECASTS. A SUPPLEMENTARY GROUP PARTICIPATION ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE WAS GIVEN TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF THE NUMBER OF FRIENDS THE MEMBERS HAD IN THE TELECLUBS ON THEIR ATTENDANCE, PARTICIPATION, AND RESPONSE. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS B.1922 FROM NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OF FROM THE DIVISION OF FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS-7E, FRANCE, FOR $0.50. (MF)
- Published
- 1963
11. Qualitative assessment of evidence-informed adolescent mental health policymaking in India: insights from project SAMA.
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Ivory, Alice, Arelingaiah, Mutharaju, Janardhana, Navaneetham, Bhola, Poornima, Hugh-Jones, Siobhan, and Mirzoev, Tolib
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MENTAL health policy ,MIDDLE-income countries ,PUBLIC officers ,ADOLESCENT health ,RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
Background: The importance of evidence-informed health policymaking is widely recognized. However, many low- and middle-income countries lack evidence-informed mental health policies due to insufficient data, stigma or lack of resources. Various policies address adolescent mental health in India, but published knowledge on their evidence-informed nature is limited. In this paper, we report results of our analysis of the role of evidence in adolescent mental health policymaking in India. Methods: This paper reports findings from the document analysis of key policy documentation (n = 10) and in-depth interviews with policy actors including policymakers, researchers, practitioners and intermediaries (n = 13). Framework analysis was used, informed by the components of a conceptual framework adapted from the literature: actors, policy and evidence processes, nature of evidence itself and contextual influences. Results: Results show that adolescent mental health policies in India were generally evidence-informed, with more key evidence becoming generally available from 2010 onwards. Both formal and informal evidence informed mental health policies, particularly agenda-setting and policy development. Mental health policymaking in India is deemed important yet relatively neglected due to competing policy priorities and structural barriers such as stigma. Use of evidence in mental health policymaking reflected differing values, interests, relative powers and ideologies of policy actors. Involvement of government officials in evidence generation often resulted in successful evidence uptake in policy decisions. Policy actors often favoured formal and quantitative evidence, with a tendency to accept global evidence that aligns with personal values. Conclusions: There is a need to ensure a balanced and complementary combination of formal and informal evidence for policy decisions. Evidence generation, dissemination and use for policy processes should recognize evidence preferences by key stakeholders, while prioritizing locally available evidence where possible. To help this, a balanced involvement of policy actors can ensure complementary perspectives in evidence production and policy agendas. This continued generation and promotion of evidence can also help reduce societal stigma around mental health and promote mental health as a key policy priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. Indian wine tourism: new landscape of international spillovers.
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Singh, Swati and Wagner, Ralf
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WINE tourism ,SUSTAINABILITY ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,BIODIVERSITY conservation ,SOCIAL impact - Abstract
Purpose: Wine tourism is spreading from the "old world" wine countries to Asia. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the GLOW framework capturing the tension of homogenization and globalization of touristic experiences, the tourists' rising environmental concerns and their conflict of searching for authentic experience with new sensations. Design/methodology/approach: In a mixed-method procedure, evidence describing the wine tourists' perceptions and motivations is assessed using a quantitative survey and fitting a structural equation model using the PLS algorithm. Complementing evidence through qualitative interviews with Indian entrepreneurs on designing a glocalized experience is analyzed. Findings: Spillover from international travel is the most relevant driver of wine tourism in India. However, types of wines and the experiences are adjusted to the local conditions. The winemakers are remarkably advanced in implementing environmentally sustainable production and avoiding over tourism which perfectly meets their clients' expectations. Research limitations/implications: Entrepreneurial creation theory as described by Alvarez and Barney (2007) is illustrated in the Asian glocalisation context giving special attention to the entrepreneur's individual capabilities as called by Helfat and Peteraf (2015) and Liñán et al. (2020). Practical implications: Conservation of biodiversity and the aesthetics of the local landscape are essential for the vividness of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and the attractiveness for the guests. Social implications: Local adaptation of the touristic experience in terms of entertainment, indigenous cuisines and local specialty supports sustainable development of all the stakeholders. Originality/value: Novelty arises from the projection of the visitors considering the wine cellar experience as an alternative to international travels in combination with analyzing how the entrepreneurs create entrepreneurial opportunities by carving out an authentic experience for their guests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Global and national influenza-associated hospitalisation rates: Estimates for 40 countries and administrative regions.
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Paget, John, Staadegaard, Lisa, Xin Wang, You Li, van Pomeren, Tayma, van Summeren, Jojanneke, Dückers, Michel, Chaves, Sandra S., Johnson, Emily K., Mahé, Cédric, Nair, Harish, Viboud, Cecile, and Spreeuwenberg, Peter
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INFLUENZA diagnosis ,CLASSIFICATION of viruses ,CLINICAL pathology ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,META-analysis ,IMMUNIZATION ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,REGRESSION analysis ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,SEASONS ,SEVERITY of illness index ,HOSPITAL care ,INFLUENZA ,TIME series analysis ,EPIDEMICS ,RESEARCH funding ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,MEDLINE - Abstract
Background WHO estimates that seasonal influenza epidemics result in three to five million cases of severe illness (hospitalisations) every year. We aimed to improve the understanding of influenza-associated hospitalisation estimates at a national and global level. Methods We performed a systematic literature review of English- and Chinese-language studies published between 1995 and 2020 estimating influenza-associated hospitalisation. We included a total of 127 studies (seven in Chinese) in the meta-analysis and analyzed their data using a logit-logistic regression model to understand the influence of five study factors and produce national and global estimates by age groups. The five study factors assessed were: 1) the method used to calculate the influenza-associated hospitalisation estimates (rateor time series regression-based), 2) the outcome measure (divided into three envelopes: narrow, medium, or wide), 3) whether every case was laboratory-confirmed or not, 4) whether the estimates were national or sub-national, 5) whether the rates were based on a single year or multiple years. Results The overall pooled influenza-associated hospitalisation rate was 40.5 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 24.3-67.4) per 100 000 persons, with rates varying substantially by age: 224.0 (95% CI = 118.8-420.0) in children aged 0-4 years and 96.8 (95% CI = 57.0-164.3) in the elderly aged >65 years. The overall pooled hospitalisation rates varied by calculation method; for all ages, the rates were significantly higher when they were based on rate-based methods or calculated on a single season and significantly lower when cases were laboratory-confirmed. The national hospitalisation rates (all ages) varied considerably, ranging from 11.7 (95% CI = 3.8-36.3) per 100 000 in New Zealand to 122.1 (95% CI = 41.5-358.4) per 100 000 in India (all age estimates). Conclusions Using the pooled global influenza-associated hospitalisation rate, we estimate that seasonal influenza epidemics result in 3.2 million cases of severe illness (hospitalisations) per annum. More extensive analyses are required to assess the influence of other factors on the estimates (e.g. vaccination and dominant virus (sub)types) and efforts to harmonize the methods should be encouraged. Our study highlights the high rates of influenza-associated hospitalisations in children aged 0-4 years and the elderly aged 65+ years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Integrating Lifelong Learning Perspectives.
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Hamburg (Germany). Inst. for Education. and Medel-Anonuevo, Carolyn
- Abstract
This publication is comprised of 43 papers on the topic of promoting lifelong learning. The papers in Part 1, Overcoming False Dichotomies, are "Lifelong Learning in the North, Education for All in the South" (Torres); "Practice of Lifelong Learning in Indigenous Africa" (Omolewa); "Gender and Information Societies" (Youngs); and "Lifelong Learning for a Modern Learning Society" (Somtrakool). Part 2, Scanning Developments in the Regions, consists of these papers: "Challenges of Lifelong Learning in Africa" (Tapsoba); "Promoting Community-Based Learning Centers in Asia-Pacific" (Oyasu); "European Union (EU) Memorandum on Lifelong Learning" (Smith); "Hungarian Response to the EU Memorandum on Lifelong Learning" (Istvan); "Regional Framework for Action for Adult and Youth Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (2001-10)" (Jauregui de Gainza); and "Lifelong Learning" (Essefi). Part 3, Promoting Democratization, contains these papers: "Learning in a Global Society" (Alexander); "Citizenship and Democracy in Socrates' and Grundtvig's Europe" (Ronai); "Education for Non-Discrimination" (Millan); "Lifelong Learning and Work in Developing Countries" (Pieck); "Globalization, Lifelong Learning, and Response of the Universities" (Peng); and "Combining the World of Work with the World of Education" (Romijn). The papers in Part 5, Making Lifelong Learning Work for Women, are "Gender Equality in Basic Education" (Messina); "Women as Lifelong Learners" (Benaicha); and "Lifelong Learning for Elimination of Violence Against Women" (Kuninobu). The papers in Part 6, Learning Across Generations, are "Achieving Youth Empowerment Through Peer Education" (Wissa); and "Role of Intergenerational Programs in Promoting Lifelong Learning for All Ages" (Ohsako). The papers in Part 7, Learning Across Cultures, are "Cultural Contexts of Learning: East Meets West" (Yang); "Building Community Through Study Circles" (Oliver); "Culturally-Based Adult Education" (Smith); and "Perspective of Lifelong Learning in South Asia" (Bordia). In Part 8, Laying Foundations and Sustaining Achievements Through Literacy and Nonformal Education, are "Literacy Linked Women Development Programs" (Usha); "Lifelong Learning Policy and Practices in the Laos People's Democratic Republic" (Mithong Souvanvixay); "Distance Learning and Adult Education" (Wilson, White); "Role of Partnerships in the Promotion of Lifelong Learning" (Lin); and "Toward the Eradication of Illiteracy Among Youth and Adults in China" (Guodong). Part 9, Creating Environments Conducive to Lifelong Learning, has these papers: "Learning Cities/Region in the Framework of Lifelong Learning" (Doukas); "Adult Education and Lifelong Learning in Sweden" (Salin); "Promoting Lifelong Learning in Beijing for a Learning Society" (Shuping); and "Reorienting Teachers as Lifelong Learners" (Tiedao). (YLB)
- Published
- 2002
15. Overlooked impact of less severe physical violence on antenatal care visits: Findings from South Asia.
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Ling Liu, Di Liang, Anwar, Saeed, Michael, Zunaira, Shrestha, Shrinkhala Barun, Sultana, Nasrin, and Jiayan Huang
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CONFIDENCE intervals ,CROSS-sectional method ,RURAL conditions ,INTIMATE partner violence ,MEDICAL care use ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PRENATAL care ,MEDICAL appointments ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,METROPOLITAN areas - Abstract
Background In South Asia, women often experience intimate partner violence (IPV) and have limited access to maternal health services (MHS). However, the effects of IPV on antenatal care (ANC) visits remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the impact of IPV of different forms and severities on ANC visits in South Asia. Methods This cross-sectional study used the latest available data from demographic and health surveys conducted in Bangladesh, India, Afghanistan, Nepal, Maldives, and Pakistan. The study sampled 4467 women who had given birth within the past 12 months and were interviewed for IPV. IPV was measured by binary variables indicating the presence of physical violence (PV), categorised into less severe (LSPV) and severe physical violence (SPV), emotional violence (EV), and sexual violence (SV). ANC utilization was measured using binary variables indicating whether respondents had any, at least four, or at least eight ANC visits, as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Logistic regressions adjusted for survey weights were used to assess associations between ANC utilization and exposure to IPV during pregnancy and lifetime. Results The prevalence of LSPV, SPV, EV, and SV during pregnancy were 14.5%, 4.4%, 11.6%, and 4.1%. LSPV experience during pregnancy was associated with decreased likelihoods of at least four ANC visits (odds ratio (OR) = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.40-0.76) and eight ANC visits (OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.31-0.90). Results of lifetime exposure to IPV followed similar patterns. Lifetime exposure to LSPV was associated with decreased likelihoods of at least four ANC visits (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.41-0.74) and eight ANC visits (OR = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.29-0.77). Conclusion This study highlights the negativities of LSPV on the frequency of women seeking ANC visits. Policies are necessary to identify women at risk of the often-overlooked LSPV early and provide protective interventions to promote maternal health in South Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. On Explaining Asia's “Missing Women”: Comment on Das Gupta.
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Oster, Emily
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HEPATITIS B ,SEX ratio ,SEX distribution ,SEX differences (Biology) ,WOMEN ,SEX preselection - Abstract
The author responds to comments by Monica Das Gupta on a research paper previously circulated by the author. In the paper the author attempted to link gender imbalance in Asia to the prevalence of the hepatitis B virus. The author argues that women who are carriers of the virus give birth to more male children than those who do are not. She also argues that 45 percent of the gender imbalance can be attributed to hepatitis B. Das Gupta argues that the hepatitis B explanation is unlikely to be significant, since sex ratios in China differ over time, and among families in ways that evidence the couple's preferences.
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- 2006
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17. Global trend of research and publications in endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism: 1996–2021.
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Vaishya, Raju, Misra, Anoop, Nassar, Mahmoud, and Vaish, Abhishek
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ENDOCRINOLOGY ,SERIAL publications ,WORLD health ,METABOLIC syndrome ,MEDICAL research ,DIABETES ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Background & Aims: Diabetes and related metabolic syndromes represent a significant global health challenge, with the global burden of diabetes increasing considerably since 1990. In this article, we examined the trend of publications in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism between 1996 and 2021, focusing on Asian countries. Methods: We obtained and used the data from the Scopus database from the SCImago website (https://www.scimagojr.com/), on 1 April 2023, related to the subspecialty of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism for country rankings between 1996 and 2021. We did not include any data related to other medical specialties or other fields. Results: There has been a steady rise in global publications on these subspecialties over the past decade, with the number of publications from Asian countries increasing significantly. Western Europe recorded the highest number of publications, followed by North America and Asia. The COVID-19 pandemic also contributed to a surge in publications in this field. In Asian countries, China and India have notably increased their global contribution to publications, with China emerging as the top Asian nation in 2021. Conclusion: Our findings provide valuable insights into the research output from various countries and the productivity trends in Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism-related research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Educating for Creativity: Bringing the Arts and Culture into Asian Education. Report of the Asian Regional Symposia on Arts Education: Measuring the Impact of Arts in Education (Hong Kong SAR, China, January 9-11, 2004) and Transmissions and Transformations: Learning through the Arts in Asia (New Delhi, India, March 21-24, 2005)
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). and Meleisea, Ellie
- Abstract
The publication recounts two symposiums on Arts Education that took place in Hong Kong and New Delhi, India in January 2004 and March 2005 respectively. Two sections include papers covering the current situation of arts education in Asia and plans for the future. The first part has an introduction to culture and arts education in Asia, the vision and opportunities. It continues with a summary of outcomes from Asia region meetings on arts in education. A case is then made for mainstreaming the arts in Asian education, illustrated by four case studies. The final section discusses influencing policy and actions for reform in various countries in the region. Section two provides a glimpse into the future of arts education. Two papers discuss research on arts education outcomes and an evaluation framework; a further two focus on action plans and initiatives. An annex contains (1) an appeal from UNESCO Director General Koichiro Matsuura for promotion of arts education and creativity at school as part of the construction of a culture of peace; (2) papers presented at the symposia; (3) list of participants; and (4) reference resources. (Contains 7 tables.) [The Asian regional symposium on Arts Education, "Measuring the Impact of Arts in Education," was a cooperative effort between the Office of the UNESCO Regional Advisor for Culture in Asia and the Pacific and the Hong Kong Institute of Contemporary Culture (HKICC). The symposium on Arts in Asian Education, "Transmissions and Transformations: Learning through the Arts in Asia," was a joint effort between the Office of the UNESCO Regional Advisor for Culture in Asia and the Pacific, and the India International Centre-Asia Project (IIC-Asia Project).]
- Published
- 2005
19. Determinants for progression from asymptomatic infection to symptomatic visceral leishmaniasis: A cohort study.
- Author
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Chakravarty, Jaya, Hasker, Epco, Kansal, Sangeeta, Singh, Om Prakash, Malaviya, Paritosh, Singh, Abhishek Kumar, Chourasia, Ankita, Singh, Toolika, Sudarshan, Medhavi, Singh, Akhil Pratap, Singh, Bhawana, Singh, Rudra Pratap, Ostyn, Bart, Fakiola, Michaela, Picado, Albert, Menten, Joris, Blackwell, Jenefer M., Wilson, Mary E., Sacks, David, and Boelaert, Marleen
- Subjects
VISCERAL leishmaniasis ,COHORT analysis ,LEISHMANIA donovani ,MEDICAL sciences ,INFECTION - Abstract
Background: Asymptomatic Leishmania donovani infections outnumber clinical presentations, however the predictors for development of active disease are not well known. We aimed to identify serological, immunological and genetic markers for progression from L. donovani infection to clinical Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Methods: We enrolled all residents >2 years of age in 27 VL endemic villages in Bihar (India). Blood samples collected on filter paper on two occasions 6–12 months apart, were tested for antibodies against L. donovani with rK39-ELISA and DAT. Sero converters, (negative for both tests in the first round but positive on either of the two during the second round) and controls (negative on both tests on both occasions) were followed for three years. At the start of follow-up venous blood was collected for the following tests: DAT, rK39- ELISA, Quantiferon assay, SNP/HLA genotyping and L.donovani specific quantitative PCR. Results: Among 1,606 subjects enrolled,17 (8/476 seroconverters and 9/1,130 controls) developed VL (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.1–8.3). High DAT and rK39 ELISA antibody titers as well as positive qPCR were strongly and significantly associated with progression from seroconversion to VL with odds ratios of 19.1, 30.3 and 20.9 respectively. Most VL cases arose early (median 5 months) during follow-up. Conclusion: We confirmed the strong association between high DAT and/or rK39 titers and progression to disease among asymptomatic subjects and identified qPCR as an additional predictor. Low predictive values do not warrant prophylactic treatment but as most progressed to VL early during follow-up, careful oberservation of these subjects for at least 6 months is indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Health Economic Evaluations of Visceral Leishmaniasis Treatments: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Marinho, Daniel S., Casas, Carmen N. P. R., Pereira, Claudia C. de A., and Leite, Iuri C.
- Subjects
VISCERAL leishmaniasis ,NEGLECTED diseases ,PARASITIC diseases ,KEYWORD searching ,SCIENCE databases - Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe form of the leishmaniasis-disease complex. Its importance to public health relies on its high fatality rate in non-treated cases, the socio-economic impact related to its morbidity, and its endemicity on different continents. The estimated burden of disease of VL varies from 1,969,000 to 2,357,000 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). VL is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD), and is strongly related to poverty and its consequences. Visceral leishmaniasis calls for the development of cost-effective technologies for diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The main objective of this study was to identify, describe, classify and analyze the scientific health economic evidence of VL-related technologies. Methods: A web search of combinations of free text and Mesh terms related to the economic evaluation of visceral leishmaniasis was conducted on scientific publication databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Medline via the Pubmed and Lilacs). A manual search of references lists of articles previously identified by the authors was also included. Articles written in English, Portuguese, Spanish or French were considered suitable for inclusion. Articles that matched the inclusion criteria were screened by at least two researchers, who extracted information regarding the epidemiologic scenario and methodological issues on a standardized form. Results: The initial search retrieved 107 articles, whose abstracts were inspected according to the inclusion criteria leading to a first selection of 49 (46%) articles. After the elimination of duplicates, the list was reduced to 21 (20%) articles. After careful reading and application of exclusion criteria, 14 papers were eligible according to the description, classification and analysis process proposed by the study. When classified by type of economic evaluation, articles were 7 (50%) cost-effectiveness, 5 (36%) cost-minimization, 1(7%) cost-benefit, and 1(7%) budget impact. When classified by methodology, studies were mainly nested to clinical-trials ("piggy back") 8(57%). Discount rates for outcomes and costs were present in 3 (43%) of the cost-effectiveness studies, and according to WHO's recommendations, the discount rate of 3% was used in all studies. Conclusions: This article showed that health economic evaluations on visceral leishmaniasis used a wide range of technologies and methods. Nevertheless it is important to point out the geographic concentration of studies, which makes their transferability uncertain to different epidemiological scenarios, especially those concerning visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. Author Summary: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala azar, is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania. VL is related to poverty and its consequences, which leads to its status of neglected disease. For that reason, cost-effective forms of diagnoses and treatment are very important and still needed. This research aimed at a better understanding of the publications about the technologies currently available, from the standpoint of their economic value. For that purpose, we conducted a systematic review of the literature in order to identify the papers that conducted economic evaluations of technologies used in VL. We initially retrieved 107 articles, which were inspected according to specific guidelines for systematic reviews. After that process, 14 articles matched the inclusion criteria in our review. We classified those studies according to the type of economic evaluation they made, and the methodology used in each one. We found evaluations about a variety of technologies, but the studies were geographically concentrated in Asia, more specifically in India. This concentration is not good because the disease also affects other continents and it is not possible to transfer the economic evaluation from one country or epidemiologic scenario to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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21. Factors Influencing the Purchase Intention and Actual Purchase behaviour of Organic Food in Urban India.
- Author
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RALSTON, Rajvaidya and ABHA, Wankhede
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ORGANIC foods ,BEHAVIOR ,INTENTION ,GROCERY shopping ,PURCHASING ,LITERATURE reviews - Abstract
Considering the promising growth of Organic Food in the Asia region, this paper attempts to identify and understand the factors influencing the Purchase Intention and Actual Purchase of Organic Food in the Indian Urban market. The research was done starting with an extensive literature review followed by conducting a survey by administrating a structured questionnaire in the city of Mumbai. Empirical results reinforced the findings of few earlier studies of the countries of the emerging economies and challenged a few. The results indicate that Health, Environment friendly processes and Quality are the primary factors influencing the Purchase Intentions of the customers, however when it comes to Actual purchase the factor of the product being produced through environmentally friendly process is not influencing the consideration of the customer. Further research can be undertaken to identify the factors which will build the confidence and trust of the customer regarding adherence to environmentally friendly processes for production of organic food. This will help the marketers to convert the Purchase intention of the customers to Actual Purchase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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22. Community Based Rehabilitation: Information Accumulation & Exchange. South Asian Research Notes.
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Miles, M.
- Abstract
This paper reviews research and evaluates information gathered on disabilities and service development in South Asia, especially India and Pakistan. The concept of "community-based rehabilitation" (CBR), which stresses the need for rehabilitation efforts rooted in the context of local cultural concepts, is discussed. The paper emphasizes the necessity of integrating philosophical and anthropological perspectives into disability information development and community-based rehabilitation programs. The paper recommends rehabilitation efforts that incorporate indigenous disability-related practices, such as casual educational integration, and that integrate local concepts of the child, personhood, ability, disability, and relationships. A review of South Asian information resources, especially those concerning mental retardation, suggests the difficulty of developing indigenous knowledge production when Western material is easily accessible. The historical development of some Asian and European community responses to disability is outlined as background for a description of the rise of CBR programs in India and Pakistan during the 1980s. Among issues discussed are CBR training, information technology, program evaluation, and the roles of foreign rehabilitation professionals and aid and development organizations. (Contains 247 references.) (DB)
- Published
- 1996
23. Re-visiting 'Galen in Tibet'.
- Author
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YOELI-TLALIM, RONIT
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TIBETAN medicine ,GREEK & Roman medicine ,GREEK influences on civilization ,SILK Road -- History ,CHRISTIANITY ,MEDICINE ,CHURCH of the East members ,MONGOL Empire, 1206-1368 ,PHYSICIANS ,HISTORY ,HISTORIOGRAPHY - Abstract
This paper readdresses the assertion found in much secondary literature that Greek medicine was adopted in Tibet in the seventh and eighth centuries. I discuss some of the traces of Galenic medical knowledge in early Tibetan medicine, and raise the question of why Tibetan medical histories who mention Galen give Galenic medicine a much more significant place than is evidenced in the Tibetan medical literature itself. I discuss some historiographical considerations and argue that the centrality given to Galenic medicine is more indicative of the period in which these sources are written than of the period which they presumably describe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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24. Does the Stock Market in India Move with Asia?
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Mukherjee, Paramita and Bose, Suchismita
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STOCK exchanges ,FINANCIAL markets ,CAPITAL market ,EMERGING markets ,FOREIGN investments ,INVESTORS - Abstract
This paper examines if the Indian stock market moves with other markets in Asia and the United States in an era of capital market reforms and the sustained interest of foreign investors in that market. By using techniques of cointegration, vector autoregression, vector error-correction models, and Granger causality, we find that, though there is definite information leadership from the U.S. market to all Asian markets, the U.S. indexes do not uniquely influence the integration of Asian markets, while Japan is found to play a unique role in the integration of Asian markets. The U.S. market is seen not only to influence, but also to be influenced by information from most of the major Asian markets. The Indian stock return in recent times is definitely led by major stock index returns in the United States, Japan, as well as other Asian markets, such as Hong Kong, South Korea, and Singapore. More important, returns on the Indian market are also seen to exert considerable influence on stock returns in major Asian markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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25. Doctoral level research and training capacity in the social determinants of health at universities and higher education institutions in India, China, Oman and Vietnam: a survey of needs.
- Author
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Ali, Farhad, Shet, Arun, Weirong Yan, Atkins, Salla, Al-Maniri, Abdullah, Lucas, Henry, Yan, Weirong, and ARCADE consortium
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PUBLIC health ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,DOCTORAL students ,INTERPERSONAL communication ,RESEARCH institutes ,HIGHER education ,HIGHER education statistics ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,HEALTH & social status - Abstract
Background: Research capacity is scarce in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. Social determinants of health research (SDH) is an area in which research capacity is lacking, particularly in Asian countries. SDH research can support health decision-makers, inform policy and thereby improve the overall health and wellbeing of the population. In order to continue building this capacity, we need to know to what extent training exists and how challenges could be addressed from the perspective of students and staff. This paper aims to describe the challenges involved in training scholars to undertake research on the SDH in four Asian countries - China, India, Oman and Vietnam.Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with research scholars, research supervisors and principal investigators (n = 13) at ARCADE partner institutions, which included eight universities and research institutes. In addition, structured questionnaires (n = 70) were used to collect quantitative data relating to the courses available, teaching and supervisory capacity, and related issues for students being trained in research on SDH. Simple descriptive statistics were calculated from the quantitative data and thematic analysis applied to the qualitative data.Results: We identified a general lack of training courses focusing on SDH. Added to this, PhD students studying related areas reported inadequate supervision, with limited time allocated to meetings and poor interpersonal communication. Supervisors cited interpersonal communication problems and student lack of skills to perform high quality research as challenges to research training. Further challenges reported included a lack of research funding to include SDH-related topics. Finally, it was suggested that there was a need for institutions to define clear and appropriate standards regarding admission and supervision of students to higher education programs awarding doctoral degrees.Conclusions: There are gaps in training for research on the SDH at the surveyed universities and research institutes, which are likely to also be present in other Asian countries and their higher education institutions. Some of the barriers to high quality research and research training can be addressed by improved training for supervisors, clearly defined standards of supervision, finances for student stipends, and increased use of information and communication technology to increase access to teaching materials. Increased opportunities for online learning could be provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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26. Some Aspects of Asian Social Development.
- Author
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Chaudhry, Mahinder D.
- Subjects
COMMUNITY development ,LAND reform ,EMPLOYMENT ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
Evaluates various papers focusing on social development in Asia. Land reforms and agrarian change in India; Examination of professional profiles and employment problems in selected countries; Analysis of the political sociology of the process of economic development; Agrarian framework for development.
- Published
- 1974
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27. Illite K‐Ar Dating of the Leibo Fault Zone, Southeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Implications for the Quasi‐Synchronous Far‐Field Tectonic Response to the India‐Asia Collision.
- Author
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Shu, Yuanhai, Shi, Xuhua, Haines, Samuel, Chen, Hanlin, Zheng, Yong, Zhu, Kongyang, Yang, Rong, Li, Haibing, Bai, Zhuona, Wang, Jinhan, and Yang, Shufeng
- Subjects
FAULT zones ,ILLITE ,FAULT gouge ,TIBETANS ,OROGENY ,RHEOLOGY - Abstract
Whether tectonic strain from the early stage India‐Asia collision has synchronously affected the far‐field margin of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial for understanding plateau deformation and growth processes. However, direct evidence for early far‐field deformation remains scarce. Utilizing illite K‐Ar dating of three fault gouge samples, we established the faulting history of the Leibo fault zone (LFZ) at the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (SEMTP). Consistent authigenic illite ages of 52 ± 2, 54 ± 12 and 55 ± 6 Ma suggest the reactivated thrust faulting of the LFZ in the Early Cenozoic. Positioned ∼700 km east of the collisional boundary and at the intersection of three blocks with distinct lithospheric rheology in strength/viscosity, this event suggests a quasi‐synchronous far‐field tectonic response in the SEMTP to the India‐Asia collision. Plain Language Summary: Understanding how tectonic strain resulting from the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates in the Early Cenozoic can spread to the edges of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial for comprehending the plateau's tectonic development. To investigate this question, we used fault gouge, which resulted from the sliding of brittle faults, to directly reveal faulting information. By conducting illite K‐Ar dating on three samples from the Leibo fault zone (LFZ) at the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (SEMTP), we found consistent ages of newly formed illite, 52 ± 2, 54 ± 12, and 55 ± 6 million years ago. Since this type of minerals form simultaneously with faulting, these ages reveal a reactivated thrust faulting event of the LFZ, suggesting a nearly simultaneous response of faulting in the SEMTP to the early stage of the India‐Asia collision. Key Points: Fault gouge illite K‐Ar dating is used to establish the faulting history of the Leibo fault zone, SE margin of the Tibetan PlateauThree consistent authigenic illite ages of ∼55, ∼54, and ∼52 Ma suggest a reactivated thrust faulting event of the Leibo fault zoneThis event indicates a quasi‐synchronous far‐field response of the SE margin of the Tibetan Plateau to the India‐Asia collision [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Role of genetic testing in the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules in the Indian setting.
- Author
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Riju, Jeyashanth, Thomas, Nihal, Paul, Thomas, Abraham, Deepak, Pai, Rekha, Prabhu, Anne, Jacob, Paul, Rajan, Remya, Michael, Rajiv, Tirkey, Amit, Ramalingam, Natarajan, Asha, Hesarghatta, and Kapoor, Nitin
- Subjects
THYROID nodules ,SOUTH Asians ,THYROID cancer ,GENETIC testing ,NEEDLE biopsy - Abstract
The increased detection of thyroid nodules in the human population has led to an increase in the number of thyroid surgeries without an improvement in survival outcomes. Though the choice for surgery is straightforward in malignant thyroid nodules, the decision is far more complex in those nodules that get categorized into indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) by fine needle aspiration. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop a tool that will aid in decision-making among the ITN. In this context, the development of various molecular testing (MT) panels has helped to confirm or rule out malignancy, reducing unnecessary surgeries and potentially guiding the extent of surgery as well. Currently, such tests are widely used among the Western population but these MT panels are not used by the South Asian population because of non-availability of validated panels and the high cost involved. There is a need to develop a suitable panel which is population-specific and validate the same. In this review, we would focus on current trends in the management of ITN among the South Asian population and how to develop a novel MT panel which is cost-effective, with high diagnostic accuracy obviating the need for expensive panels that already exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Globalization, English Language Policy, and Teacher Agency: Focus on Asia
- Author
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Hamid, M. Obaidul and Nguyen, Hoa Thi Mai
- Abstract
This paper focuses on English teachers in Asia in the context of globalization, the global spread of English and the emergence of English as an "Asian language." It highlights the dilemmas facing these teachers in meeting the growing social demands of English proficiency in a technology-influenced, managerial and neoliberal education environment with limited expertise, skills and policy support. We locate the paper in language policy and planning (LPP) within which the concept of micro-level agency provides a critical lens. We draw on insights from several Asian countries including Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan and Vietnam. We argue that while English teachers are found to exercise their agency to meet changing demands of English proficiency, this agency can be seen as the result of what we call "policy dumping" at the macro-level--i.e. education policymakers not paying due attention to the requirements of policy implementation but dumping down policies to educational institutions and English teachers for their implementation. We conclude the paper by suggesting implications for English language policies in Asian countries that respond to globalization and the dominant discourses of English in a globalized world.
- Published
- 2016
30. The three waves in implementation of facility-based kangaroo mother care: a multi-country case study from Asia.
- Author
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Bergh, Anne-Marie, de Graft-Johnson, Joseph, Khadka, Neena, Om'Iniabohs, Alyssa, Udani, Rekha, Pratomo, Hadi, and De Leon-Mendoza, Socorro
- Subjects
BIRTH size ,LOW birth weight ,HEALTH facilities ,INFANT mortality ,INTERVIEWING ,LONGITUDINAL method ,MATERNAL health services ,POSTNATAL care ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,STATISTICAL sampling ,JUDGMENT sampling - Abstract
Background: Kangaroo mother care has been highlighted as an effective intervention package to address high neonatal mortality pertaining to preterm births and low birth weight. However, KMC uptake and service coverage have not progressed well in many countries. The aim of this case study was to understand the institutionalisation processes of facility-based KMC services in three Asian countries (India, Indonesia and the Philippines) and the reasons for the slow uptake of KMC in these countries. Methods: Three main data sources were available: background documents providing insight in the state of implementation of KMC in the three countries; visits to a selection of health facilities to gauge their progress with KMC implementation; and data from interviews and meetings with key stakeholders. Results: The establishment of KMC services at individual facilities began many years before official prioritisation for scale-up. Three major themes were identified: pioneers of facility-based KMC; patterns of KMC knowledge and skills dissemination; and uptake and expansion of KMC services in relation to global trends and national policies. Pioneers of facility-based KMC were introduced to the concept in the 1990s and established the practice in a few individual tertiary or teaching hospitals, without further spread. A training method beneficial to the initial establishment of KMC services in a country was to send institutional health-professional teams to learn abroad, notably in Colombia. Further in-country cascading took place afterwards and still later on KMC was integrated into newborn and obstetric care programs. The patchy uptake and expansion of KMC services took place in three phases aligned with global trends of the time: the pioneer phase with individual champions while the global focus was on child survival (1998-2006); the newborn-care phase (2007-2012); and lastly the current phase where small babies are also included in action plans. Conclusions: This paper illustrates the complexities of implementing a new healthcare intervention. Although preterm care is currently in the limelight, clear and concerted country-led KMC scale-up strategies with associated operational plans and budgets are essential for successful scale-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Challenges and Concerns for Library and Information Science (LIS) Education in India and South Asia
- Author
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Kaur, Trishanjit
- Abstract
This paper presents some of the challenges and concerns for library and information science (LIS) education in India. In order to provide context for these challenges, the paper begins with a brief overview of higher education in India in general and then discusses the beginning of LIS education. It briefly summarizes LIS education in South Asia to provide additional context. The paper discusses concerning issues, including curriculum, accreditation, program delivery through distance education, and research in LIS. The paper goes on to highlight some of the challenges that LIS educators face in India. It concludes with suggestions about how some of these challenges might be addressed including implementation of the Recommendations of National Knowledge Commission. The need for a Model Curriculum in order for LIS to fill the gap between needs of the users and skills of library professionals is also discussed.
- Published
- 2015
32. Teaching students with autism spectrum disorders in South Asia: a scoping study and recommendations for future.
- Author
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Sharma, Umesh and Rangarajan, Rashmi
- Subjects
AUTISM ,FACILITATED communication ,STUDENT assistance programs ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,EVIDENCE-based medicine ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,LITERATURE reviews ,TEACHING methods - Abstract
Objectives: Our paper reviews current teaching practices used to support students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the South Asian region, and to what extent these teaching practices reflect key research based effective practices. We have focused our attention on teaching practices at a time when we are witnessing a greater thrust towards achieving inclusive education at both, regional and global levels. Methods: We have used an eclectic approach for the study by employing a scoping review methodology to identify peer reviewed journal articles from South Asian countries. Having identified 10 articles and three dissertations in total from India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, we have used a matrix method to present our data against nine best teaching practices for students with ASD. Results: Results from the review indicate three practices (of the nine best teaching practices) were most frequently used. These are assessments, alternative, and augmentative communication systems, and parent-implemented instruction/program. The other six teaching practices were not widely reported. Conclusions: We identify significant implications for practitioners, educators, and teacher education programs within the Asian region and beyond. The use of an eclectic approach in making choices regarding teaching strategies, incorporating varied research based effective teaching practices, and following a systematic and informed approach of assessments – teaching interventions – ongoing evaluation are key to supporting students with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Short-term insecticide exposure amid co-occurring stressors reduces diversity and densities in north-east Indian experimental aquatic invertebrate communities.
- Author
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Bhattacharyya, Saurav, Bray, Jon P., Gupta, Abhik, Gupta, Susmita, Nichols, Susan J., and Kefford, Ben J.
- Subjects
- *
INVERTEBRATE communities , *AQUATIC invertebrates , *INSECTICIDES , *FRESHWATER biodiversity , *INVERTEBRATE diversity , *MALATHION , *CYPERMETHRIN - Abstract
• Indian freshwater ecosystems are not well studied, are degraded due to expansive agriculture and are contaminated with pesticides. • Mesocosms identified malathion was the dominant stressor among co-occurring stressors. • In mesocosms malathion reduced richness, organism densities and caused community homogenisation. • Toxicology test comparisons between countries identify that Indian taxa may be relatively pesticide tolerant. Globally, river pesticide concentrations are associated with regional and local stream invertebrate diversity declines. Pesticides often co-occur with elevated nutrients (e.g. nitrogen and phosphorus) and sediments related to agriculture, making their individual effects difficult to disentangle. These effects are also less well studied in Asia, than in other geographic regions. Within Asia, India is one of the largest producers and users of pesticides and has approximately 60% of total land mass used for agriculture. Here we examine the responses of Indian river invertebrate communities subjected to malathion, nutrients, and sediment additions in a semi-orthogonal design, in three sequential (through time) short-term (120 h) mesocosm experiments. Additionally, a series of single-species toxicity tests were run that used 24 h exposure and 72 h recovery to examine the sensitivity of 13 local invertebrate taxa to malathion, and 9 taxa to cypermethrin, comparing these results to those from other biogeographic regions. Mesocosm results indicate that malathion exposure had a major effect compared to other stressors on communities, with a lesser effect of nutrients and/or sediments. In mesocosms, taxa richness, total abundance and the abundance of sensitive species all declined associated with malathion concentrations. Comparisons of organism sensitivities from other geographic locations and those in the current paper suggest taxa in India are relatively tolerant to malathion and cypermethrin. Our results further reinforce that the high observed aquatic pesticide concentrations known to occur in Asian freshwater ecosystems are likely to be negatively affecting biodiversity, homogenising biota towards those most stress tolerant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Oriental freshwater mussels arose in East Gondwana and arrived to Asia on the Indian Plate and Burma Terrane.
- Author
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Bolotov IN, Pasupuleti R, Subba Rao NV, Unnikrishnan SK, Chan N, Lunn Z, Win T, Gofarov MY, Kondakov AV, Konopleva ES, Lyubas AA, Tomilova AA, Vikhrev IV, Pfenninger M, Düwel SS, Feldmeyer B, Nesemann HF, and Nagel KO
- Subjects
- Animals, Asia, India, Bivalvia anatomy & histology, Bivalvia classification, Bivalvia physiology, Phylogeny, Fossils, Biological Evolution, Unionidae physiology, Unionidae anatomy & histology, Fresh Water
- Abstract
Freshwater mussels cannot spread through oceanic barriers and represent a suitable model to test the continental drift patterns. Here, we reconstruct the diversification of Oriental freshwater mussels (Unionidae) and revise their taxonomy. We show that the Indian Subcontinent harbors a rather taxonomically poor fauna, containing 25 freshwater mussel species from one subfamily (Parreysiinae). This subfamily most likely originated in East Gondwana in the Jurassic and its representatives arrived to Asia on two Gondwanan fragments (Indian Plate and Burma Terrane). We propose that the Burma Terrane was connected with the Indian Plate through the Greater India up to the terminal Cretaceous. Later on, during the entire Paleogene epoch, these blocks have served as isolated evolutionary hotspots for freshwater mussels. The Burma Terrane collided with mainland Asia in the Late Eocene, leading to the origin of the Mekong's Indochinellini radiation. Our findings indicate that the Burma Terrane had played a major role as a Gondwanan "biotic ferry" alongside with the Indian Plate., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
35. TREND ANALYSIS OF EARTHQUAKES IN INDIAN SUBCONTINENT IN LAST TWO DECADES.
- Author
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Kumari, Agin, Preeti, and Madan, D. K.
- Subjects
- *
TREND analysis , *EARTHQUAKES , *EARTHQUAKE intensity , *SUBCONTINENTS , *CURVE fitting , *PALEOSEISMOLOGY - Abstract
The Indian subcontinent has a history of overwhelming earthquakes. The main cause for the high frequency and intensity of the earthquakes is that the Indian plate is driving into Asia at a rate of approximately 50 mm/year in north-east direction. Geographical statistics of India shows that almost 54% of the land is susceptible to earthquakes. In this paper, we analyzed the trend of earthquakes that occurred during 2000-2019 in Indian continent by the method of moving averages and fitting the curve to the past data. Here, the past behavior of seismic events of different magnitudes and fatalities due to this natural hazard during last two decades has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Impact of anthropogenic activities on global land oxygen flux.
- Author
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Xiaoyue Liu, Jianping Huang, Jiping Huang, Changyu Li, and Lei Ding
- Subjects
- *
HETEROTROPHIC respiration , *SOIL respiration , *FLUX (Energy) , *ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide , *HABITABLE planets , *ATMOSPHERIC oxygen - Abstract
Atmospheric oxygen (O2) is one of the predominant features that enable Earth as a habitable planet for active and diverse biology. However, observations since the late 1980s indicate that O2 content in the atmosphere is falling steadily at part-per-million level. Although a scientific consensus has emerged that the current decline is generally attributed to the combustion of fossil fuel, a quantitative assessment of the anthropogenic impact on the O2 cycle on both global and regional scale is currently lacking. This paper quantifies the anthropogenic and biological O2 flux over land and provides a quantitative and dynamic description of land O2 budget under impacts of human activities on grid scale. It is found that total anthropogenic O2 flux over land has risen from 35.6 Gt/yr in 2000 to 46.0 Gt/yr in 2013, while the compensation from land (11.5 Gt/yr averaged from 2000 to 2013) displays a faint increase during the same period. High anthropogenic fluxes mainly occur in Eastern Asia, India, North America and Europe caused by fossil fuel combustion and in Central Africa caused by wildfire. Due to strong heterotrophic soil respiration under higher temperature conditions, the positive O2 flux in the tropics is not significant. Instead, boreal forest and Tibetan plateau become the most important sources of atmospheric O2 in the Anthropocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. ENCOMENDEROS ESPAÑOLES Y BRITISH RESIDENTS. EL SISTEMA DE DOMINIO INDIRECTO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA NOVOHISPANA.
- Author
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García Martínez, Bernardo
- Subjects
HISTORY of New Spain ,BRITISH occupation of India, 1765-1947 ,SPANISH colonies ,BRITISH colonies ,COLONIAL administration ,ENCOMENDEROS ,NEW Spain ,SIXTEENTH century - Abstract
Copyright of Historia Mexicana is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
38. HYDRODYNAMIC AND COHESIVE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODELING IN CHILIKA LAGOON.
- Author
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Pradhan, S., Samal, R. N., Choudhury, S. B., and Mohanty, P. K.
- Subjects
SEDIMENT transport ,LAGOONS ,BRACKISH waters - Abstract
Chilika lagoon, one of the largest brackish water lagoons in Asia located along the east coast of India. The rivers draining into the lagoon carry about 13 million tonnes of sediments annually. Because of the cohesiveness properties of the fine sediments, nutrients, heavy metals and other polluted substances tend to bind to the sediment's surface. Consequently, pollutants can be concentrated in the inlets/estuaries, thus being of great environmental interest. In addition, the mudflats occurring are important biotopes for a large number of micro- and macro-faunal species and act as feeding places for a number of birds. To understand the cohesive sediment dynamics, a numerical model, MIKE 21 Mud Transport (MT) coupled with hydrodynamic (HD) was used. The model simulated the relative bed level height and suspended sediment concentrations. The sediment interchange and accumulation between each sectors and Bay of Bengal were evaluated. The suspended sediment concentration is high in the north-east portion of the lagoon while medium and low suspended loads are observed in the eastern and western portion of the lagoon. Bed thickness is very high in the north-western corner of the lagoon covered with Phragmites Karka which facilitate sediment trap. Total bed thickness change is very much pronounced in the northern sector which receives most of the sediments from the Mahanadi river systems as well along the periphery of the lagoon due to drainage. The eastern lagoon shows a net deposition accumulated fraction (5–15 kg/m
2 ) and hence gives enough indication of the sedimentation processes in the lagoon. Further, the results also warrant immediate attention to check and monitor suspended sediment concentration to find out the net deposition trend in the lagoon environment in order to take decisions in minimizing the sediment load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The State, Economic Growth, and Development in India.
- Author
-
Mukherji, Rahul
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,INDIAN economy ,FOREIGN trade promotion ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,FINANCIAL crises ,TECHNOCRACY - Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between the Indian state and society for promoting economic growth and development in India. It argues that the shift to private sector and trade promotion, which was essential for growth, required technocratic conviction and economic crises, for accelerating the pace of change. While growth has resulted in social development, serious challenges to growth and human development remain. Poor physical and human infrastructure in many areas, and the politics of subsidies for the well-to-do at the cost of more inclusive public investment, pose major challenges for making the growth story a more inclusive one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Meet the bridgebloggers.
- Author
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Zuckerman, Ethan
- Subjects
BLOGS ,INTERNET ,TECHNOLOGY ,LANGUAGE & culture - Abstract
As the blogosphere has expanded outside its original US context, it has changed from an extended community in which everyone shares a roughly similar set of suppositions and languages to a set of separate blogospheres characterized by different cultures and languages. Bridgebloggers—bloggers who seek to mediate between these cultures and languages—play an increasingly crucial role in connecting these disparate spheres of conversation and argument together. In this paper, I discuss the difficulties of quantifying the extent to which the blogosphere is characterized by different language communities and national communities. I employ qualitative evidence to examine blogospheres emerging in Asia, Southern Africa, the Arab-speaking world and elsewhere, and to assess the importance of bridgebloggers in drawing connections between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Establishing bioinformatics research in the Asia Pacific.
- Author
-
Ranganathan, Shoba, Tammi, Martti, Gribskov, Michael, and Tin Wee Tan
- Subjects
BIOINFORMATICS ,INFORMATION science ,COMPUTERS in biology - Abstract
In 1998, the Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Network (APBioNet), Asia's oldest bioinformatics organisation was set up to champion the advancement of bioinformatics in the Asia Pacific. By 2002, APBioNet was able to gain sufficient critical mass to initiate the first International Conference on Bioinformatics (InCoB) bringing together scientists working in the field of bioinformatics in the region. This year, the InCoB2006 Conference was organized as the 5
th annual conference of the Asia-Pacific Bioinformatics Network, on Dec. 18-20, 2006 in New Delhi, India, following a series of successful events in Bangkok (Thailand), Penang (Malaysia), Auckland (New Zealand) and Busan (South Korea). This Introduction provides a brief overview of the peer-reviewed manuscripts accepted for publication in this Supplement. It exemplifies a typical snapshot of the growing research excellence in bioinformatics of the region as we embark on a trajectory of establishing a solid bioinformatics research culture in the Asia Pacific that is able to contribute fully to the global bioinformatics community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The Kuznets Curve of Education: A Global Perspective on Education Inequalities. CEE DP 116
- Author
-
London School of Economics & Political Science, Centre for the Economics of Education, Morrison, Christian, and Murtin, Fabrice
- Abstract
Education is recognized to be a key factor of economic development, not only giving access to technological progress as emphasized by the Schumpeterian growth theory, but also entailing numerous social externalities such as the demographic transition (Murtin, 2009) or democratization (Murtin and Wacziarg, 2010). If the evolution of world distributions of income and longevity over the last two centuries have been described by Bourguignon and Morrisson (2002), changes in the world distribution of education have remained unexplored until now, despite their major importance. How has global education inequality evolved over the twentieth century? How should it be measured? Up to now, existing studies on education inequality have had limited spatial and time coverage. For example, Castello and Domenech (2002) and Thomas et al. (2001) provide a descriptive analysis of years of schooling inequality for a broad panel of countries, but their study starts only in 1960. Also, they remain at the country level and do not consider the world distribution of years of schooling, which takes into account educational differences both within and between countries. In contrast, this paper depicts the world distribution of education over 140 years, improving and extending the database recently released by Morrisson and Murtin (2009), which focuses on average years of schooling. The authors provide both average years of schooling and the distribution of education as summarised up by four quantiles in each country. Importantly, this new database is cross-validated by historical data on illiteracy rates. Then, they describe average stocks of primary, secondary and tertiary schooling by region since 1870, and estimate world inequality in years of schooling, which has been dramatically reduced since 1870. Focusing on the measurement of education inequality, this paper raises an important methodological issue. The authors show that a substantial share of inequality in years of schooling can be mechanically explained by a single component of the distribution of education, namely the population that has not attended school, subsequently called the illiterate population. Actually, they find that the observed decrease in inequality in years of schooling over the XXth century is almost entirely explained by the decline in illiteracy. They believe that this result, derived both theoretically and empirically, could help to reconsider an empirical fact discussed in the literature on education inequality (see Berthelemy (2006)), namely the cross-country negative correlation between the average of and the inequality in years of schooling. This correlation mainly reflects the negative and mechanical correlation between average schooling and the illiteracy rate. In line with a recent macroeconomic literature (see for instance Hall and Jones (1999)), the authors then turn to human capital as defined by Mincer (1974), in order to confer a monetary dimension to education. They propose estimates of the world inequality in human capital, examining several definitions for human capital. They focus on one functional form in particular, which accounts for the existence of diminishing returns to schooling. It is the only one that can account for the cross-country negative correlation between Mincer returns to schooling and average years of schooling, as described by Psacharopoulos and Patrinos (2004). At the national level, they find that that human capital inequality within countries has increased then stabilized or even decreased in most regions of the world. When plotted against average years of schooling, human capital inequality within countries has clearly followed an inverted U-shape curve, namely a "Kuznets curve of education". At the global level, they also find that human capital inequality has increased from 1870 to approximatively 1970, then has decreased. They interpret these findings as a consequence of mass education and the existence of diminishing returns to schooling. (Contains 6 tables, 6 figures and 14 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2010
43. The forms and antecedents of customer misbehaviour: a bibliometric analysis and qualitative research from Asian emerging country perspective.
- Author
-
A., Apoorva, Chaudhuri, Ranjan, Chatterjee, Sheshadri, and Vrontis, Demetris
- Subjects
BIBLIOMETRICS ,QUALITATIVE research ,CONSUMERS ,CONSUMER behavior ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to identify and elucidate on the different forms and antecedents of customer misbehaviour in the service industry of the emerging country particularly India. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts a bibliometric analysis approach using bibliophagy software and thematic analysis to reveal four themes: "forms of customer misbehaviour"; "antecedents of such misbehaviour"; "changes in the personal and work behaviour of employees and management"; and "measures to reduce customer misbehaviour". These are combined and interrelated to extant theories and empirical data to ultimately produce a comprehensive model on the subject. Findings: This study finds the antecedents and analyses different forms of customer misbehaviour from Asian customer perspectives. A thematic output is provided which policymakers and other researchers can use to develop various policies and which other related research could use as inputs in the area or consumer behaviour and emerging countries. Research limitations/implications: This study contributes to the field of behavioural studies, especially in the Asian context. Policymakers and future researchers can use these findings to understand different customer-related issues from Asian customer perspective. However, the focus on the Indian consumer market as an emerging country in Asia limits the applicability and generalizability of the study for all emerging countries. Originality/value: The originality and value of this study is related to its pioneering use of bibliometric and thematic analysis from the Asian service context. The value of such research work is associated with both scholarly and executive implications. Regarding the latter, this study examines the myopic nature of uncivil behaviour and helps service firms to understand and manage its different forms, conclusively also providing practicable executive directions on the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Literacy, Knowledge and Development: South-South Policy Dialogue on Quality Education for Adults and Young People
- Author
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UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) (Germany), Singh, Madhu, and Castro Mussot, Luz-Maria
- Abstract
This publication contains the results of the conference "South-South Policy Dialogue on Quality Education for Adults and Young People" that took place in Mexico City in 2005. Articles were written by participants who presented their national programmes from the governmental perspective, which were reflected in the literacy policies, but there were also important contributions on basic education and competence recognition. Accent was put on the experiences of four countries that were considered as locomotives of development in the field: Brazil, India, South Africa and Mexico. Nevertheless, dialogue was also enriched by information provided by other African, Asian and Latin American countries: Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Bangladesh, Thailand, China, Guatemala, Nicaragua and the Arab States as a whole. This publication contains the following papers: (1) Adult Learning: Situation, Trends and Prospects (Chris Chinien); (2) Brazil's National Programme for Adult and Youth Education (Ricardo Henriques and Timothy Ireland); (3) India's National Adult Education Programme (Satish Loomba and A. Mathew); (4) Mexico's National Adult Education Programme (Luz-Maria Castro-Mussot and Maria Luisa de Anda); (5) South Africa's National Adult Education Programme (Morongwa Ramarumo and Vernon Jacobs); (6) Adult Literacy and Learning in Bangladesh: The UNESCO and NGO Experience (Ahmadullah Mia and Wolfgang Vollmann); (7) Thailand's National Programme of Adult and Youth Education (Roong Aroon and Wilaipan Somtrakool); (8) A System of Quality Education for Adults and Youth in China (Yuquan Qiao); (9) Adult and Youth Education in Nicaragua (Nydia Veronica Gurdian and Elizabeth Navarro); (10) Challenges for the Construction of a Policy for Quality Adult and Youth Education in Guatemala (Ilda Moran de Garcia and Otto Rivera); (11) Namibia's Adult Literacy and Learning Programme (Beans Uazembua Ngatjizeko); (12) Mozambique's Literacy and Adult Education Programmes: A Sub-sector Strategy (Ernesto Muianga); (13) Educating Adults and Youth in Tanzania: Complementary Basic Education (COBET) and Integrated Community-Based Adult Education (ICBAE) (Basilina Levira and Valentino Gange); (14) The Context of Literacy Development and Adult Education in Angola (Juao Romeu and Luisa Grilo); and (15) Adult Education in the Arab Region (Seham Najem, Aicha Barki and Nour Dajani-Shehabi). Also included are: (1) Index of Persons; (2) Index of Subjects; and (3) Index of Subjects by Country. Individual papers contain figures, tables, footnotes and references. [This paper was created with the Mexican National Institute for Adult Education (INEA).]
- Published
- 2007
45. Youth in Transition: The Challenges of Generational Change in Asia. Proceedings of the Biennial General Conference of the Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils (15th, Canberra, Australia, 2005)
- Author
-
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok (Thailand)., Academy of Social Sciences in Australia, Canberra., Gale, Fay, and Fahey, Stephanie
- Abstract
This book originates from a conference of the Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils and contains writings and research reports on Youth in Transition in the Asia and Pacific region. The definition of "youth" varies from country to country and ranges between the ages of 10 to 35. The publication summarizes issues in the region, generally regarded as a critical stage before adulthood. Due to local requirements and the development stage of countries in the region, the focus of adolescent studies deals with a wide range of topics such as indigenous people, rural-urban migration, lifestyle, population policy, and technology. Statistics also show that the current generation of youth is immensely different from its predecessors as a result of improved healthcare, rise of technology, and globalization. The differences cover not just livelihood factors such as marriage, sexuality, habits, or employment but also the bigger picture including demographics and culture. Economic development and technology have given rise to a new breed of youth in the Asia and Pacific region where some of them became promising entrepreneurs, political/community leaders, city dwellers, or some just choose to cling to a more traditional existence. Following an introduction (Stephanie Fahey and Fay Gale), papers in this document include: (1) Youth in Asia: An overview (Yogesh Atal); (2) Youth, Cultures and Societies in Transition: The Challenges of Growing up in a Globalized World (Jeffrey Jensen Arnett); (3) Global Cultural Change and Young People's Wellbeing (Richard Eckersley); (3) Globalisation and an Epidemic: The Consequences of HIV/AIDS for Young People (Doreen Rosenthal); (4) A Demographic View of Changing Youth in Asia (Graeme Hugo); (5) Generational Change and Cyberpolitics in Asia (Stephanie Fahe); (6) Indigenous Australian Young Peoples: The Winds of Change (Gregory Phillips); (7) Are Youths Moving Forward? A Bangladesh Perspective (Abdur Rahim Khan); (8) Government Policies and Programs for Youth Development in India (Hardip Singh Kingra); (9) Youth Migration and Change in Indonesia (Aswatini Raharto and Mita Noveria); (10) Youth in the Japanese Society (Ushiogi Morikazu and Watabe Makoto); (11) Malaysian Youth: From Government Policies to Grassroots Aspirations (Rashila Ramli); (12) The Only-Child Generation: Chinese Youth in a Transformative Era (Wu Xiaoying); (13) The Filipino Youth Today: Their Strengths and the Challenges They Face (Joseph H. Puyat); (14) Online Games Dynamics in Korean Society: Experiences and Lifestyles in the Online Game World (Sang-Min Whang); (15) Demographic and Economic Pressures to Move: Youth Aspirations and Livelihood Opportunities for Youth in the Liberal Economic Environment of Sri Lanka (Siri T. Hettige); (16) Monitoring the Convention on the Rights of the Child in Thailand (Amara Pongsapich); and (17) Vietnam's Youth in Transition (Nguyen Thi My). (Individual papers contain references.) [This document was published by Regional Unit for Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific, UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education, as well as the Association of Asian Social Science Research Councils (AASSREC). Abstract modified to meet ERIC guidelines.]
- Published
- 2005
46. Annotated listing of new books.
- Subjects
BOOKS ,TELECOMMUNICATION - Abstract
The article presents information on the book "Telecommunications in Western Asia and the Middle East," edited by Eli M. Noam. It discusses thirteen papers which present a regional study of the telecommunications networks of Western Asia, exploring the particular economic and political forces shaping telecommunications in these countries. These papers discuss the liberalization of telecommunications in India in the mid-1990s; telecommunications in India; the institutional reform of Sri Lankan telecommunications; telecommunications development in Pakistan; telecommunications, advanced technology, and evolving competition in Israel; telecommunications in Central Asia; telecommunications in Nepal; telecommunications in Jordan; rapid progress in telecommunications in Saudi Arabia telecommunications in Yemen Republic; the development of telecommunications policy in Iran; telecommunications in Turkey; and advanced telecommunications and the economic diversification of Bahrain.
- Published
- 1998
47. South Asia in the Global Electronic Village: Issues and Implications.
- Author
-
Singh, Jagtar
- Abstract
This paper discusses issues related to developments in computer and communication technologies in south Asia. The first section considers the Internet and its impact. Paradigm shifts and globalization are addressed in the second section, including the shifts away from stand alone libraries to library and information networks, ownership to access, just-in-case to just-in-time, print-based publications to digital documents, stand alone libraries to networked systems, intermediary model to end-user model, command-based systems to menu-based systems, linear to non-linear mode of access, hierarchical to non-hierarchical systems, one-way dissemination of information to interactive communication, bundling of scholarly journal to unbundling, stability to instability, physical format to formless data, and top-down to bottom-up systems. The third section examines the existing gaps and inequality between and within developed and developing countries. South Asia and its problems are described in the fourth section, including geographical, socioeconomic, and political factors, as well as steps in the direction of regional cooperation and socioeconomic development such as SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) and SAPTA (SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangement). The conclusion points out the need to coordinate and consolidate the resources and services of different types of libraries in South Asia and describes some resource sharing programs in the region. Contains 32 references. (MES)
- Published
- 1999
48. Environmental Risk Assessment Using Neural Network in Liquefied Petroleum Gas Terminal.
- Author
-
Gabhane, Lalit Rajaramji and Kanidarapu, NagamalleswaraRao
- Subjects
LIQUEFIED petroleum gas ,ENVIRONMENTAL risk assessment ,PETROLEUM shipping terminals ,HAZARDOUS substances ,HEAT flux ,EXPLOSIONS ,FLAME spread - Abstract
The accidental release of toxic gases leads to fire, explosion, and acute toxicity, and may result in severe problems for people and the environment. The risk analysis of hazardous chemicals using consequence modelling is essential to improve the process reliability and safety of the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) terminal. The previous researchers focused on single-mode failure for risk assessment. No study exists on LPG plant multimode risk analysis and threat zone prediction using machine learning. This study aims to evaluate the fire and explosion hazard potential of one of Asia's biggest LPG terminals in India. Areal locations of hazardous atmospheres (ALOHA) software simulations are used to generate threat zones for the worst scenarios. The same dataset is used to develop the artificial neural network (ANN) prediction model. The threats of flammable vapour cloud, thermal radiations from fire, and overpressure blast waves are estimated in two different weather conditions. A total of 14 LPG leak scenarios involving a 19 kg capacity cylinder, 21 tons capacity tank truck, 600 tons capacity mounded bullet, and 1350 tons capacity Horton sphere in the terminal are considered. Amongst all scenarios, the catastrophic rupture of the Horton sphere of 1350 MT capacity presented the most significant risk to life safety. Thermal flux of 37.5 kW/ m
2 from flames will damage nearby structures and equipment and spread fire by the domino effect. A novel soft computing technique called a threat and risk analysis-based ANN model has been developed to predict threat zone distances for LPG leaks. Based on the significance of incidents in the LPG terminal, 160 attributes were collected for the ANN modelling. The developed ANN model predicted the threat zone distance with an accuracy of R2 value being 0.9958, and MSE being 202.9061 in testing. These results are evident in the reliability of the proposed framework for safety distance prediction. The LPG plant authorities can adopt this model to assess the safety distance from the hazardous chemical explosion based on the prior forecasted atmosphere conditions from the weather department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Cultural Conceptions of Flipped Learning: Examining Asian Perspectives in the 21st Century
- Author
-
Skelcher, Shannon
- Abstract
The use of flipped learning as a pedagogical approach has increased in the 21st century. While there is an existing survey of literature regarding the development in American educational institutions--and fewer in an Asian context--there are some unique cultural considerations that may need to be examined regarding flipped learning's adoption and adaptation in Asia. This paper serves as a literature review focusing on several Asian nations with respect to three major considerations in comparison to the United States: geographical, educational, and cultural. After the comprehensive review, which comments on the number of relevant publications available per nation, this paper concludes that there is no significant barrier to the implementation of flipped learning in Asia beyond the existing considerations apparent in the United States (access, time, and institutional support). Additionally, the prevalence of flipped learning in Asia, and the purposes of various studies surveyed, indicate that cultural barriers, at least in this area, are becoming less notable or authoritative as national or historical distinctions are diminishing through Millennials' tendencies toward globalization.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Asian and African Civilizations: Course Description, Topical Outline, and Sample Unit.
- Author
-
Columbia Univ., New York, NY. Esther A. and Joseph Klingenstein Center for Independent School Education. and Beaton, Richard A.
- Abstract
This paper provides a skeleton of a one-year course in Asian and African civilizations intended for upper school students. The curricular package consists of four parts. The first part deals with the basic shape and content of the course as envisioned. The remaining three parts develop a specific unit on classical India with a series of teacher notes, a set of student readings that can be used according to individual needs, and a prose narrative of content with suggestions for extension and inclusion. (EH)
- Published
- 1995
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