32,003 results
Search Results
2. Reflective Practices among Secondary School Computer Science Teachers: Their Point of View
- Author
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Lubna Mohammed Alshamrani
- Abstract
Reflective practice is an essential catalyst through which the benefits of teaching and learning can be reaped. Through it, weaknesses and strengths can be identified in a way that helps raise the level of addressing challenges that may arise as well as overcome them. This paper presents the critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers from their point of view in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. To this extent, the study aims to determine the degree of critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers in Riyadh from their perspective. The paper also seeks to investigate the effects of variables such as gender, qualifications and experience on the perceptions of the aforementioned teachers, towards the critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers. The study tool is a questionnaire which consisted of two dimensions and was distributed to a population of 739 participants. From this, the study sample comprised (223) computer science teachers working in secondary school in Riyadh. The findings revealed that there is no significant difference in the estimation degree concerning the critical reflective practices due to the gender. From the results, it was also established that there is no significant difference in the degree of estimation in relation to the critical reflective practices due to educational qualification variables. On the contrary however, there is a significant difference in the degree of estimation in regard to the critical reflective practices due to the years of experience variable. These differences were evident in a group of those with more than 10 years of experience. The other findings produced by the study highlight that the participants are in agreement about the importance of critical reflective practices. The degree of reflective practice, which is from the participants' point of view, is considered to be of a high value. The majority of the subjects opted to agree with the practice of reflection after a training session. It was determined from the results that some of the most common strategies favored by practitioners involved the communal practice of mind reflection with individuals from outside the school.
- Published
- 2024
3. Design Automation of Paper Microfluidic Devices
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Potter, Joshua
- Subjects
Computer science ,Bioengineering ,Design automation ,microfluidics ,paper - Abstract
The emerging demands for healthcare where access is limited due to political, environmental, or socio-economic factors have been driving research into bio-medical devices that perform in both diagnostic and therapeutic roles at lower costs and greater accessibility. Paper microfluidic devices are used in many applications, particularly medical diagnostics and offer an excellent combination of utility and low cost making them particularly valuable in resource-limited applications and point-of-care usage across a wide variety environmental conditions. Microfluidic biological diagnostics continue to mature as researchers discover new ways to exploit the technological possibilities, and address liabilities. The increasing complexity of paper-based microfluidic devices beyond home pregnancy tests is driving the need to produce new tools and methodologies that enable more robust biological diagnostics and potential therapeutic applications. However, the process of developing new paper microfluidic devices is limited due to having to manually design and fabricate designs to research. Often, researchers must design scores of different devices to find a combination of parameters that functions as expected. In this work, a novel software framework to support automated development of paper-based microfluidic devices is introduced to facilitate both research and fabrication to accelerate the investigative process and reduce material utilization and manpower. Unlike to existing lab-on-a-chip technologies, paper-based microfluidics differs in terms of substrate technologies and use a passive flow method to deliver fluids and reagents for assays. While numerous analogies between microfluidics and semiconductor technologies have been espoused, the physical differences between the fluid dynamics and electrical current are significant which suggests that current trends in physical design for microfluidics must change course in order to be of practical use to designers. Within this framework, a methodology is introduced to address design automation such as dynamically placing and routing microfluidic components in a non-discrete design space while avoiding invalid design layouts, accounting for fluid volume usage, surface area utilization, and the timing required to perform specified biological assays and also optimizing device parameters, enabling researchers to focus on the science and thereby accelerating the development of new, low-resource paper microfluidic devices for a developing world.
- Published
- 2022
4. An analysis of retracted papers in Computer Science.
- Author
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Shepperd, Martin and Yousefi, Leila
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COMPUTER science ,DATABASES ,RETRACTORS (Surgery) ,SECONDARY analysis ,SCIENTIFIC community - Abstract
Context: The retraction of research papers, for whatever reason, is a growing phenomenon. However, although retracted paper information is publicly available via publishers, it is somewhat distributed and inconsistent. Objective: The aim is to assess: (i) the extent and nature of retracted research in Computer Science (CS) (ii) the post-retraction citation behaviour of retracted works and (iii) the potential impact upon systematic reviews and mapping studies. Method: We analyse the Retraction Watch database and take citation information from the Web of Science and Google scholar. Results: We find that of the 33,955 entries in the Retraction watch database (16 May 2022), 2,816 are classified as CS, i.e., ≈ 8%. For CS, 56% of retracted papers provide little or no information as to the reasons. This contrasts with 26% for other disciplines. There is also some disparity between different publishers, a tendency for multiple versions of a retracted paper to be available beyond the Version of Record (VoR), and for new citations long after a paper is officially retracted (median = 3; maximum = 18). Systematic reviews are also impacted with ≈ 30% of the retracted papers having one or more citations from a review. Conclusions: Unfortunately, retraction seems to be a sufficiently common outcome for a scientific paper that we as a research community need to take it more seriously, e.g., standardising procedures and taxonomies across publishers and the provision of appropriate research tools. Finally, we recommend particular caution when undertaking secondary analyses and meta-analyses which are at risk of becoming contaminated by these problem primary studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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5. Content-based quality evaluation of scientific papers using coarse feature and knowledge entity network.
- Author
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Wang, Zhongyi, Zhang, Haoxuan, Chen, Haihua, Feng, Yunhe, and Ding, Junhua
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MACHINE learning ,SCIENCE education ,COMPUTER science ,PEER pressure ,RANDOM forest algorithms - Abstract
Pre-evaluating scientific paper quality aids in alleviating peer review pressure and fostering scientific advancement. Although prior studies have identified numerous quality-related features, their effectiveness and representativeness of paper content remain to be comprehensively investigated. Addressing this issue, we propose a content-based interpretable method for pre-evaluating the quality of scientific papers. Firstly, we define quality attributes of computer science (CS) papers as integrity , clarity , novelty , and significance , based on peer review criteria from 11 top-tier CS conferences. We formulate the problem as two classification tasks: Accepted/Disputed/Rejected (ADR) and Accepted/Rejected (AR). Subsequently, we construct fine-grained features from metadata and knowledge entity networks, including text structure, readability, references, citations, semantic novelty, and network structure. We empirically evaluate our method using the ICLR paper dataset, achieving optimal performance with the Random Forest model, yielding F1 scores of 0.715 and 0.762 for the two tasks, respectively. Through feature analysis and case studies employing SHAP interpretable methods, we demonstrate that the proposed features enhance the performance of machine learning models in scientific paper quality evaluation, offering interpretable evidence for model decisions. • Define four criteria for quality evaluation of scientific papers: integrity, clarity, novelty, and significance. • Propose a framework for quality evaluation of scientific papers based on coarse features and knowledge entity network. • An effective algorithm for measuring the novelty and significance of scientific papers based on knowledge entity networks. • Create and release a rigorous dataset, which could serve as the gold standard for quality evaluation of scientific papers. • Conduct extensive experiments to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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6. Score Prediction from Programming Exercise System Logs Using Machine Learning
- Author
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Tanaka, Tetsuo and Ueda, Mari
- Abstract
In this study, the authors have developed a web-based programming exercise system currently implemented in classrooms. This system not only provides students with a web-based programming environment but also tracks the time spent on exercises, logging operations such as program editing, building, execution, and testing. Additionally, it records their results. For educators, the system offers insights into each student's progress, the evolution of their source code, and the instances of errors. While teachers find these functions beneficial, the method of providing feedback to students needs improvement. Immediate feedback is proven to be more effective for student learning. If the final course score could be predicted based on early data (e.g., from the 1st or 2nd week), students could adapt their study strategies accordingly. This paper demonstrates that one can predict the final score using the system's operational logs from the initial phases of the course. Furthermore, the score predictions can be revised weekly based on new class logs. We also explore the potential of offering tailored advice to students to enhance their final score. [For the full proceedings, see ED636095.]
- Published
- 2023
7. Could AI help you to write your next paper?
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Hutson, Matthew
- Published
- 2022
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8. Differences between journal and conference in computer science: a bibliometric view based on Bayesian network.
- Author
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Sun, Mingyue, Yue, Mingliang, and Ma, Tingcan
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BAYESIAN analysis ,COMPUTER science conferences ,COMPUTER science ,CONFERENCE papers ,ACADEMIC conferences ,BIBLIOMETRICS - Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the differences between conference papers and journal papers in the field of computer science based on Bayesian network. This paper investigated the differences between conference papers and journal papers in the field of computer science based on Bayesian network, a knowledge-representative framework that can model relationships among all variables in the network. We defined the variables required for Bayesian networks modeling, calculated the values of each variable based Aminer dataset (a literature data set in the field of computer science), learned the Bayesian network and derived some findings based on network inference. The study found that conferences are more attractive to senior scholars, the academic impact of conference papers is slightly higher than journal papers, and it is uncertain whether conference papers are more innovative than journal papers. The study was limited to the field of computer science and employed Aminer dataset as the sample. Further studies involving more diverse datasets and different fields could provide a more complete picture of the matter. By demonstrating that Bayesian networks can effectively analyze issues in Scientometrics, the study offers valuable insights that may enhance researchers' understanding of the differences between journal and conference in computer science. Academic conferences play a crucial role in facilitating scholarly exchange and knowledge dissemination within the field of computer science. Several studies have been conducted to examine the distinctions between conference papers and journal papers in terms of various factors, such as authors, citations, h-index and others. Those studies were carried out from different (independent) perspectives, lacking a systematic examination of the connections and interactions between multiple perspectives. This paper supplements this deficiency based on Bayesian network modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Challenges, Experiments, and Computational Solutions in Peer Review.
- Author
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SHAH, NIHAR B.
- Subjects
SCHOLARLY peer review ,COMPUTER science ,EXPERIMENTS ,PREJUDICES ,STATISTICAL bias - Abstract
The author discusses computational methods utilized in the peer review process. It examines the availability of data in peer review, and experimentation in peer review design. It also discusses author identity bias, overall subjectivity in peer review, and author incentives.
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- 2022
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10. Goal programming model applied to waste paper logistics processes
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Fernando Augusto Silva Marins, Cristiane Maria Defalque, Aneirson Francisco da Silva, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rodovia Presidente Dutra, and Brazil
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Optimization ,Operations research ,Modeling language ,Computer science ,Waste paper recycling ,Applied Mathematics ,Waste paper ,02 engineering and technology ,Reverse logistics ,Solver ,01 natural sciences ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Weighted goal programming ,Modeling and Simulation ,Goal programming ,0103 physical sciences ,Vehicle routing problem ,Revised Multi-Choice Goal Programming ,Production (economics) ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,010301 acoustics - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-10-01 Organization and planning of reverse logistics networks make sustainable processes more efficient. Thus, an important sector for connecting the collection and waste paper recycling echelons is the intermediate center. In this study, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming model, which is multi-objective, multi-product, multi-level and multi-period, was developed to optimize the waste paper logistics processes of intermediate centers. The formulation includes the following echelons: collection, considering vehicle routing with different capacities; inventory of non-baling materials; baling sorted waste and inventory of bales; selling bales; disposal of non-recyclable waste. The aims of the model include: maximizing the collected waste; minimizing distances; maximizing both the production and sale of bales, and minimizing costs. According to research carried out in the literature, the developed model is a new proposal and to implement it, the Weighted Goal Programming and Revised Multi-Choice Goal Programming approaches were used to deal with multiple objectives and incorporate uncertainty into the quantity of waste available for collection. To analyze the proposed model, computational tests were executed with instances based on real data from a Brazilian company in the sector. For all performed tests, General Algebraic Modeling System 23.6.5 modeling language and CPLEX 12.2.0.2 solver were used for modeling and optimization. The results show that this study presents formulation and technological approaches that represent real situations and provide competitive solutions to the problem. Sáo Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” [Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho] School of Engineering of Guaratinguetá [Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá] Production Department, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal das Colinas Agulhas Negras Military Academy [Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras] Rodovia Presidente Dutra, km 306, s/n Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Exército Avenida Papa Pio XII 350 Jardim Chapadão Campinas - SP Brazil, Avenida Papa Pio XII, 350, Jardim Chapadão, Campinas - SP Sáo Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” [Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho] School of Engineering of Guaratinguetá [Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá] Production Department, Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha, 333, Portal das Colinas
- Published
- 2021
11. Energy efficiency challenges in pulp and paper manufacturing: A tutorial review
- Author
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Martin A. Hubbe
- Subjects
Exergy ,Environmental Engineering ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Pulp (paper) ,Bioengineering ,engineering.material ,Product (business) ,Cellulosic ethanol ,Process integration ,Pinch analysis ,engineering ,Electricity ,Process engineering ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is highly energy-intensive. In mills that use chemical pulping, roughly half of the higher heating value of the cellulosic material used to manufacture the product typically is incinerated to generate steam and electricity that is needed to run the processes. Additional energy, much of it non-renewable, needs to be purchased. This review considers publications describing steps that pulp and paper facilities can take to operate more efficiently. Savings can be achieved, for instance, by minimizing unnecessary losses in exergy, which can be defined as the energy content relative to a standard ambient condition. Throughout the long series of unit operations comprising the conversion of wood material to sheets of paper, there are large opportunities to more closely approach a hypothetical ideal performance by following established best-practices.
- Published
- 2021
12. Paper-Based Biosensors for COVID-19: A Review of Innovative Tools for Controlling the Pandemic
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Ana P.M. Tavares, Cristina E. A. Sousa, Rodrigo Martins, Maria Teresa Cruz, Ana C. Marques, Elvira Fortunato, Felismina T.C. Moreira, M. Goreti F. Sales, A. Rita Cardoso, Tomás Pinheiro, Ana Matos, and Universidade do Minho
- Subjects
Diagnostic methods ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunology ,02 engineering and technology ,Viral antigen ,Peptides and proteins ,Diagnostic tools ,01 natural sciences ,Biopolymers ,Pandemic ,Medical diagnosis ,Antigens ,QD1-999 ,Science & Technology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,010401 analytical chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,3. Good health ,Chemistry ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Perspective ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The appearance and quick spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease, COVID-19, brought major societal challenges. Importantly, suitable medical diagnosis procedures and smooth clinical management of the disease are an emergent need, which must be anchored on novel diagnostic methods and devices. Novel molecular diagnostic tools relying on nucleic acid amplification testing have emerged globally and are the current gold standard in COVID-19 diagnosis. However, the need for widespread testing methodologies for fast, effective testing in multiple epidemiological scenarios remains a crucial step in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Biosensors have previously shown the potential for cost-effective and accessible diagnostics, finding applications in settings where conventional, laboratorial techniques may not be readily employed. Paper- and cellulose-based biosensors can be particularly relevant in pandemic times, for the renewability, possibility of mass production with sustainable methodologies, and safe environmental disposal. In this review, paper-based devices and platforms targeting SARS-CoV-2 are showcased and discussed, as a means to achieve quick and low-cost PoC diagnosis, including detection methodologies for viral genomic material, viral antigen detection, and serological antibody testing. Devices targeting inflammatory markers relevant for COVID-19 are also discussed, as fast, reliable bedside diagnostic tools for patient treatment and follow-up., The authors acknowledge funding through projects Eco2Covid (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-068174) and TecniCov (POCI-01-02B7-FEDER-069745), co-funded by FEDER through COMPETE2020 and Lisboa2020. T.P., A.R.C. and A.C.M. acknowledge funding to National Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., FCT, through their PhD grants, references DFA/BD/8606/2020, SFRH/BD/130107/2017 and SFRH/BD/115173/2016, respectively, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
13. An Operations Research-Based Teaching Unit for Grade 11: The ROAR Experience, Part II
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Gabriella Colajanni, Alessandro Gobbi, Marinella Picchi, Alice Raffaele, and Eugenia Taranto
- Abstract
In this paper, we continue describing the project and the experimentation of "Ricerca Operativa Applicazioni Reali" (ROAR; in English, Real Applications of Operations Research), a three-year project for higher secondary schools, introduced. ROAR is composed of three teaching units, addressed to Grades 10, 11, and 12, respectively, having the main aim to improve students' interest, motivation, and skills related to Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics disciplines by integrating mathematics and computer science through operations research. In a previous paper, we reported on the design and implementation of the first unit, started in Spring 2021 at the scientific high school IIS Antonietti in Iseo (Brescia, Italy), in a Grade-10 class. Here, we focus on the second unit, carried out in Winter/Spring 2022 with the same students, now in a Grade-11 class. In particular, we describe objectives, prerequisites, topics and methods, the organization of the lectures, digital technologies used, and a challenging final project. Moreover, we analyze the feedback from students and teachers involved in the experimentation.
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- 2024
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14. Neither Computer Science, nor Information Studies, nor Humanities Enough: What Is the Status of a Digital Humanities Conference Paper?
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Estill, Laura and Guiliano, Jennifer
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DIGITAL humanities ,ELECTRONIC data processing ,COMPUTER science ,HUMANITIES ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
Copyright of Digital Studies / Champ Numérique is the property of Open Library of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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15. South African research contributions to Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1973-2022.
- Author
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Naudé, Filistéa and Kroeze, Jan H.
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COMPUTER science ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,RESEARCH personnel ,AUTHORSHIP collaboration ,PERIODICAL articles - Abstract
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) is a globally recognised publication outlet for the field of Computer Science, including in South Africa. In this study, spanning from 1973 to 2022, we investigated the research participation of South African based authors in LNCS. The publication output and citation impact of these authors were compared to the global Computer Science and LNCS output. The authorship patterns and collaborative behaviour of South African LNCS papers were explored, and a keyword or topic analysis also conducted. Of the total of 518 662 LNCS papers published globally between 1973 and 2022, South African based researchers contributed 1150 papers (0.22%). The LNCS papers from South Africa exhibit a strong collaborative publication culture, with 1043 (91%) co-authored and 107 (9%) singleauthored works. Local LNCS researchers prefer institutional collaboration (43%), followed by international (37%) and national collaboration (11%). Europe emerged as the most significant collaboration partner for LNCS researchers in South Africa. Of the 1150 papers, 836 (73%) had received citations, while 314 (27%) had not. On average, papers published by South African based authors received 6.05 citations, compared to the global LNCS average of 9.49 citations per paper. A keyword analysis revealed that the majority of papers by South African authors focus on artificial intelligence. The results indicate that, although LNCS serves as a reputable dissemination platform for Computer Science research output both globally and locally, South African authors should consider publishing more journal articles to build and improve their researcher profiles. Significance: * The study shows that LNCS is the most frequent publication outlet for Computer Science researchers, globally and in South Africa. * The study offers insight into the publication output, authorship patterns, collaborative behaviour and citation impact of South African based Computer Science researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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16. Printability and quality of papers coated with different binders
- Author
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Emine ARMAN KANDIRMAZ, Arif Ozcan, and ÖZCAN A., Kandirmaz E. A., ZELZELE Ö. B.
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Bilgisayar Bilimi Uygulamaları ,paper coating ,Computer Sciences ,printability ,BİLGİSAYAR BİLİMİ, İNTERDİSİPLİNER UYGULAMALAR ,Mühendislik, Bilişim ve Teknoloji (ENG) ,COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS ,COMPUTER SCIENCE ,Bilgisayar Grafiği ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Computer Science Applications ,Fizik Bilimleri ,Physical Sciences ,Computer Graphics ,Bilgisayar Grafikleri ve Bilgisayar Destekli Tasarım ,Engineering and Technology ,Bilgisayar Bilimi ,Bilgisayar Bilimleri ,Mühendislik ve Teknoloji ,paper quality ,Engineering, Computing & Technology (ENG) ,binder - Abstract
Papers are the most commonly used substrates. A printable paper must have certain properties. These properties include surface smoothness, air permeability, surface energy, colour of the paper, opacity, whiteness, light fastness, gloss, and coefficient of elongation under force. In addition, a good printable paper should not allow ink to pass between its two surfaces. After the papers are produced, they are subjected to surface treatments in order to improve the above-mentioned properties and to provide extra specification. Surface treatments include calendering, surface sizing and coating processes. While filling the recesses and protrusions on the surface with the coating process, the paper's affinity for the ink is increased, and the penetration of the ink to the other surface of the paper is prevented. In the coating process basically, a filler is dispersed in a binder. In this study, it is aimed to obtain the highest quality and most printable paper by changing the type of binder used in the coating. In this study, equal amount (5% w/w) titanium dioxide filler was used in all coating formulations. In coating formulations; cationic starch, hydroxy ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol polymers were used as binders. Binder amounts are adjusted according to optimum viscosity. The obtained coating formulations were coated on the paper surface with a laboratory type coating device. Colour, gloss, surface smoothness, air permeability, surface energy and surface morphology of the coated papers were determined. It was printed with magenta offset printing ink on three different types of paper coated with different binders, using the IGT C1 offset printability test device, under 400 N/m2 pressure printing conditions. Colour and gloss measurements of the prints were made. As a result; It was determined that three different binders improved the printability parameters.
- Published
- 2022
17. Purchase Of Consumable Items In Computer Science And, Engineering Department , A4 Paper, Stapler Pin, White Board Marker, White Board Marker, Permanent Marker, Cd Marker, Chalk, Chalk, Glue Stick, Aaa Battery, Aa Battery
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Batteries ,Computer science ,Business, international - Abstract
Tenders are invited for Purchase Of Consumable Items In Computer Science And, Engineering Department , A4 Paper, Stapler Pin, White Board Marker, White Board Marker, Permanent Marker, Cd Marker, Chalk, [...]
- Published
- 2023
18. Optimizing Pressure Screen Systems in Paper Recycling: Optimal System Layout, Component Selection and Operation
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Tim M. Müller, Peter F. Pelz, Samuel Schabel, Marja Birgit Ahola, and Lena C. Altherr
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Interconnection ,021103 operations research ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Stickies ,Paper recycling ,Nonlinear system ,Component (UML) ,Quality (business) ,021108 energy ,Process engineering ,business ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,media_common - Abstract
Around 60% of the paper worldwide is made from recovered paper. Especially adhesive contaminants, so called stickies, reduce paper quality. To remove stickies but at the same time keep as many valuable fibers as possible, multi-stage screening systems with several interconnected pressure screens are used. When planning such systems, suitable screens have to be selected and their interconnection as well as operational parameters have to be defined considering multiple conflicting objectives. In this contribution, we present a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Program to optimize system layout, component selection and operation to find a suitable trade-off between output quality and yield.
- Published
- 2022
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19. A paper-based colorimetric molecular test for SARS-CoV-2 in saliva
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Josiah Levi Davidson, Jiangshan Wang, Jordan Seville, Suraj Mohan, Mohit S. Verma, Sai Venkata Sravan Putikam, Ana Pascual-Garrigos, Fujr Osman Ibrahim Osman, Murali Kannan Maruthamuthu, Andres Dextre, and Darby McChesney
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Detection limit ,Saliva ,Chromatography ,Colorimetric LAMP ,Computer science ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,Paper based ,Paper-based diagnostics ,Article ,Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices ,Electrochemistry ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Herein, we describe the development of a paper-based device to detect nucleic acids of pathogens of interest in complex samples using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) by producing a colorimetric response visible to the human eye. To demonstrate the utility of this device in emerging public health emergencies, we developed and optimized our device to detect SARS-CoV-2 in human saliva without preprocessing. The resulting device was capable of detecting the virus within 60 min and had an analytical sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 100% with a limit of detection of 200 genomic copies/μL of patient saliva using image analysis. The device consists of a configurable number of reaction zones constructed of Grade 222 chromatography paper separated by 20 mil polystyrene spacers attached to a Melinex® backing via an ARclean® double-sided adhesive. The resulting device is easily configurable to detect multiple targets and has the potential to detect a variety of pathogens simply by changing the LAMP primer sets.
- Published
- 2021
20. Nano-functionalized paper-based IoT enabled devices for point-of-care testing: a review
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Vinay Kishnani, Kunal Mondal, Ankur Gupta, Umesh T. Nakate, and Sungjune Park
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Paper ,Computer science ,Point-of-Care Systems ,Point-of-care testing ,Internet of Things ,Microfluidics ,Biomedical Engineering ,Article ,Domain (software engineering) ,Human health ,Sensitivity ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Nano ,Humans ,Selectivity ,Molecular Biology ,Rapid response ,Sensor ,Point of care testing ,business.industry ,Paper based ,Point-of-Care Testing ,Systems engineering ,IoT, μPADs ,business - Abstract
Over the last few years, the microfluidics phenomenon coupled with the Internet of Things (IoT) using innovative nano-functional materials has been recognized as a sustainable and economical tool for point-of-care testing (POCT) of various pathogens influencing human health. The sensors based on these phenomena aim to be designed for cost-effectiveness, make it handy, environment-friendly, and get an accurate, easy, and rapid response. Considering the burgeoning importance of analytical devices in the healthcare domain, this review paper is based on the gist of sensing aspects of the microfabricated paper-based analytical devices (μPADs). The article discusses the various used design methodologies and fabrication approaches and elucidates the recently reported surface modification strategies, detection mechanisms viz., colorimetric, electrochemical, fluorescence, electrochemiluminescence, etc. In a nutshell, this article summarizes the state-of-the-art research work carried out over the nano functionalized paper-based analytical devices and associated challenges/solutions in the point of care testing domain.
- Published
- 2021
21. Paper-Based Point-of-Care Testing of SARS-CoV-2
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Yuan Jia, Jinpeng Tian, Wenwei Zhang, Hao Sun, and Qiuming Song
- Subjects
Histology ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer science ,COVID-19 diagnostics ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Point-of-care testing ,Biomedical Engineering ,Diagnostic test ,Bioengineering and Biotechnology ,Bioengineering ,Paper based ,Research opportunities ,Review ,paper-based ,Field (computer science) ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,point-of-care ,CRISPR ,immunoassay ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Point of care - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant global social and economic disruption. The highly transmissive nature of the disease makes rapid and reliable detection critically important. Point-of-care (POC) tests involve performing diagnostic tests outside of a laboratory that produce a rapid and reliable result. It therefore allows the diagnostics of diseases at or near the patient site. Paper-based POC tests have been gaining interest in recent years as they allow rapid, low-cost detection without the need for external instruments. In this review, we focus on the development of paper-based POC devices for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The review first introduces the principles of detection methods that are available to paper-based devices. It then summarizes the state-of-the-art paper devices and their analytical performances. The advantages and drawbacks among methods are also discussed. Finally, limitations of the existing devices are discussed, and prospects are given with the hope to identify research opportunities and directions in the field. We hope this review will be helpful for researchers to develop a clinically useful and economically efficient paper-based platform that can be used for rapid, accurate on-site diagnosis to aid in identifying acute infections and eventually contain the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
22. Special Issue: Feature Papers to Celebrate the Inaugural Issue of Standards
- Author
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Peter Glavič
- Subjects
Information retrieval ,Computer science ,Feature (computer vision) ,Automotive Engineering - Abstract
Standards are a set of guidelines or criteria used to ensure consistency, quality, safety, and compatibility in products, services, and processes [...]
- Published
- 2023
23. Converting the existing disease surveillance from a paper-based to an electronic-based system using District Health Information System (DHIS-2) for real-time information: The Lebanese experience
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dalal Ali youssef
- Subjects
Disease surveillance ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Paper based ,Real-time data ,business ,Health informatics ,Data science - Abstract
Introduction:The Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon is in the process of converting the surveillance reporting from a cumbersome paper-based system to a web-based electronic platform (DHIS-2) to have real-time information for early detection of alerts and outbreaks and for initiating a prompt response.Objectives:This paper aimed to document the Lebanese experience in implementing DHIS-2 for the disease surveillance system. It also targets to assess the improvement of reporting rates and timeliness of the reported data and to disclose the encountered challenges and opportunities. MethodologyThis is a retrospective description of processes involved in the implementation of the DHIS-2 tool in Lebanon. Initially, it was piloted for the school-based surveillance in 2014; then its use was extended in May 2017 to cover other specific surveillance systems. This included all surveillance programs collecting aggregate data from hospitals, medical centers, dispensaries, or laboratories at the first stage. As part of the national roll-out process, the online application was developed. The customized aggregated-based datasets, organization units, user accounts, specific and generic dashboards were generated. More than 80 training sessions were conducted throughout the country targeting 1290 end-users including health officers at the national and provincial levels, focal persons working in all public and private hospitals, laboratories, and medical centers as well. Completeness and timeliness of reported data were compared before and after the implementation of DHIS-2. Challenges and lessons learned during the roll-out process are listed.ResultsFor laboratory-based surveillance, completeness of reporting increased from 70.8% in May to 89.6% in October. Timeliness has improved from 25% to 74%. For medical centers, an improvement of 8.1% for completeness and 9.4% in timeliness was recorded before and after training sessions. For zero reporting, completeness remains the same (88%) and timeliness has improved from 74% to 87%. The main challenges faced during the implementation of DHIS-2 were mainly infrastructural and system-related in addition to poor internet connectivity and limited workforce and frequent changes to DHIS-2 versions.ConclusionImplementation of DHIS-2 improved timeliness and completeness for aggregated data reporting. Continued on-site support, monitoring, and system enhancement are needed to improve the performance of DHIS-2.
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- 2021
24. Comparing LSTM and GRU Models to Predict the Condition of a Pulp Paper Press
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Antonio J. Marques Cardoso, Rui Assis, Balduíno César Mateus, Mateus Mendes, and José Torres Farinha
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Technology ,Multivariate statistics ,Control and Optimization ,Computer science ,GRU ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Predictive maintenance ,predictive maintenance ,LSTM ,recurrent neural network ,paper press ,Autoregressive integrated moving average ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Hyperparameter ,Artificial neural network ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Univariate ,Statistical model ,Recurrent neural network ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Energy (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The accuracy of a predictive system is critical for predictive maintenance and to support the right decisions at the right times. Statistical models, such as ARIMA and SARIMA, are unable to describe the stochastic nature of the data. Neural networks, such as long short-term memory (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit (GRU), are good predictors for univariate and multivariate data. The present paper describes a case study where the performances of long short-term memory and gated recurrent units are compared, based on different hyperparameters. In general, gated recurrent units exhibit better performance, based on a case study on pulp paper presses. The final result demonstrates that, to maximize the equipment availability, gated recurrent units, as demonstrated in the paper, are the best options.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Dynamic Radial Placement and Routing in Paper Microfluidics
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Philip Brisk, Joshua Potter, and William H. Grover
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Computer Hardware & Architecture ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,Layout ,Microfluidics ,Geometry ,placement and routing ,Bioengineering ,Bioassay ,Physical design ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Routing ,Substrates ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Computer Hardware ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Reservoirs ,Embedded system ,Place and route ,paper microfluidics ,Routing (electronic design automation) ,business ,Continuous placement ,Software ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The low cost, simplicity, and ease of use of paper microfluidic devices have made them valuable medical diagnostics for applications from pregnancy testing to COVID-19 screening. Meanwhile, the increasing complexity of paper-based microfluidic devices is driving the need to produce new tools and methodologies that enable more robust biological diagnostics and potential therapeutic applications. A new design framework is being used to facilitate both research and fabrication of paper-based microfluidic biological devices to accelerate the investigative process and reduce material utilization and manpower. In this work we present a methodology for this framework to dynamically place and route microfluidic components in a nondiscrete design space where fluid volume usage, surface area utilization, and the timing required to perform specified biological assays are accounted for and optimized while also accelerating the development of potentially lifesaving new devices.
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- 2021
26. Hospitals and Laboratories on Paper-Based Sensors: A Mini Review
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Huaizu Zhang, Chengbin Xia, Guangfu Feng, and Jun Fang
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Computer science ,microfluidics ,Review ,TP1-1185 ,Biochemistry ,paper-based sensor ,lateral flow test strips ,Analytical Chemistry ,Mini review ,Software portability ,Nucleic Acids ,Organic Chemicals ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Process engineering ,Instrumentation ,business.industry ,Chemical technology ,bioassay trace ,Paper based ,Hospitals ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Metals ,Analysis tools ,Laboratories ,business ,Mobile device - Abstract
With characters of low cost, portability, easy disposal, and high accuracy, as well as bulky reduced laboratory equipment, paper-based sensors are getting increasing attention for reliable indoor/outdoor onsite detection with nonexpert operation. They have become powerful analysis tools in trace detection with ultra-low detection limits and extremely high accuracy, resulting in their great popularity in medical detection, environmental inspection, and other applications. Herein, we summarize and generalize the recently reported paper-based sensors based on their application for mechanics, biomolecules, food safety, and environmental inspection. Based on the biological, physical, and chemical analytes-sensitive electrical or optical signals, extensive detections of a large number of factors such as humidity, pressure, nucleic acid, protein, sugar, biomarkers, metal ions, and organic/inorganic chemical substances have been reported via paper-based sensors. Challenges faced by the current paper-based sensors from the fundamental problems and practical applications are subsequently analyzed; thus, the future directions of paper-based sensors are specified for their rapid handheld testing.
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- 2021
27. Color is necessary for specialized face learning in the Northern paper wasp, Polistes fuscatus
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Christopher M. Jernigan, Natalie C. Zaba, Michael J. Sheehan, Jay A. Stafstrom, and Caleb C. Vogt
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Paper wasp ,Polistes fuscatus ,biology ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Pattern recognition ,biology.organism_classification ,Facial recognition system ,Grayscale ,Brain region ,Face (geometry) ,Social experience ,Chromatic scale ,Artificial intelligence ,business - Abstract
Visual individual recognition requires animals to distinguish among conspecifics based on appearance. Though visual individual recognition has been reported in a range of taxa, the features that animals rely on to discriminate between individuals are often not well understood. Northern paper wasp females, Polistes fuscatus, possess individually distinctive color patterns on their faces, which mediate individual recognition. It is currently unclear what facial features P. fuscatus use to distinguish individuals. The anterior optic tubercle, a chromatic processing brain region, is especially sensitive to social experience during development, suggesting that color may be important for recognition in this species. We sought to test the roles of color in wasp facial recognition. Color may be important simply because it creates a pattern. If this is the case, then wasps should perform similarly when discriminating color or grayscale images of the same faces. Alternatively, color itself may be important for recognition, which would predict poorer performance on grayscale image discrimination relative to color images. We found wasps trained on grayscale faces, unlike those trained on color images, did not perform better than chance. Suggesting that color is necessary for the recognition of an image as a face by the wasp visual system.
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- 2021
28. Formalizing Opponent Modeling with the Rock, Paper, Scissors Game
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Erik Brockbank and Edward Vul
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Statistics and Probability ,Technology ,Adaptive reasoning ,Exploit ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Applied Mathematics ,ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING ,Social Sciences ,adversarial reasoning ,rock-paper-scissors ,Adversary ,Adversarial system ,sequential reasoning ,ddc:330 ,Adversarial process ,Artificial intelligence ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty ,business ,competition ,Simple (philosophy) - Abstract
In simple dyadic games such as rock, paper, scissors (RPS), people exhibit peculiar sequential dependencies across repeated interactions with a stable opponent. These regularities seem to arise from a mutually adversarial process of trying to outwit their opponent. What underlies this process, and what are its limits? Here, we offer a novel framework for formally describing and quantifying human adversarial reasoning in the rock, paper, scissors game. We first show that this framework enables a precise characterization of the complexity of patterned behaviors that people exhibit themselves, and appear to exploit in others. This combination allows for a quantitative understanding of human opponent modeling abilities. We apply these tools to an experiment in which people played 300 rounds of RPS in stable dyads. We find that although people exhibit very complex move dependencies, they cannot exploit these dependencies in their opponents, indicating a fundamental limitation in people’s capacity for adversarial reasoning. Taken together, the results presented here show how the rock, paper, scissors game allows for precise formalization of human adaptive reasoning abilities.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Paper-based analytical devices for virus detection: Recent strategies for current and future pandemics
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Charles S. Henry and Tugba Ozer
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Virus detection ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Computer science ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Paper-based ,Electrochemical ,COVID-19 ,Electrochemical detection ,Paper based ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,Point of care ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Pandemic ,Infectious diseases ,Spectroscopy ,Optical ,Nanomaterials - Abstract
The importance of user-friendly, inexpensive, sensitive, and selective detection of viruses has been highlighted again due to the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Among the analytical tools, paper-based devices (PADs) have become a leading alternative for point-of-care (POC) testing. In this review, we discuss the recent development strategies and applications in nucleic acid-based, antibody/antigen-based and other affinity-based PADs using optical and electrochemical detection methods for sensing viruses. In addition, advantages and drawbacks of presented PADs are identified. Current state and insights towards future perspectives are presented regarding developing POC diagnosis platform for COVID-19. This review considers state-of-the-art technologies for further development and improvement in PADs performance for virus detection., Graphical abstract Image 1
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- 2021
30. Towards detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human saliva: A paper-based cell-free toehold switch biosensor with a visual bioluminescent output
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Alex B. Benedict, Chandler A. Warr, William G. Pitt, Melissa K. Takahashi, Emily Long Zhao, J. Porter Hunt, Joel S. Griffitts, Bradley C. Bundy, Tyler J. Free, and Mehran Soltani
- Subjects
Saliva ,Computer science ,RNase P ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Bioengineering ,Biosensing Techniques ,Computational biology ,Toehold Switch ,Humans ,Bioluminescence ,LDPE, low density polyethylene ,Luciferases ,Molecular Biology ,CFPS ,CFPS, cell-free protein synthesis ,Cell-free protein synthesis ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,RNA ,nucleic acid diagnostic ,General Medicine ,Full length Article ,Luminescent Measurements ,Nucleic acid ,RT-PCR, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ,RNA, Viral ,sfGFP, superfolder green fluorescent protein ,TXTL ,PoC, point of care ,Biosensor ,mRI, Murine RNase inhibitor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Graphical Abstract Illustration of the assembly, distribution, and point-of-care use of a rapidly-deployable, cell-free COVID-19 biosensor: 1) Assemble: Assembling CFPS reagents by mixing E. coli lysate, murine RNase Inhibitor (mRI), energy sources, cofactors, and toehold switch riboregulator plasmid. 2) Print: aliquoting CFPS reagents onto paper substrates housed in a plastic test cassette. 3) Dehydrate: lyophilizing CFPS reagents on paper substrates. 4) Distribute. 5) Saliva sample: applying saliva samples onto cassette without pretreatments. 6) Reaction: bioluminescent protein expression in presence of target RNA (+), or ribosome detachment in absence of target RNA (-). 7) Visual result: bioluminescent output in the presence of target RNA and NanoLuc luciferase expression., The COVID-19 pandemic has illustrated the global demand for rapid, low-cost, widely distributable and point-of-care nucleic acid diagnostic technologies. Such technologies could help disrupt transmission, sustain economies and preserve health and lives during widespread infection. In contrast, conventional nucleic acid diagnostic procedures require trained personnel, complex laboratories, expensive equipment, and protracted processing times. In this work, lyophilized cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) and toehold switch riboregulators are employed to develop a promising paper-based nucleic acid diagnostic platform activated simply by the addition of saliva. First, to facilitate distribution and deployment, an economical paper support matrix is identified and a mass-producible test cassette designed with integral saliva sample receptacles. Next, CFPS is optimized in the presence of saliva using murine RNase inhibitor. Finally, original toehold switch riboregulators are engineered to express the bioluminescent reporter NanoLuc in response to SARS-CoV-2 RNA sequences present in saliva samples. The biosensor generates a visible signal in as few as seven minutes following administration of 15 μL saliva enriched with high concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA sequences. The estimated cost of this test is less than 0.50 USD, which could make this platform readily accessible to both the developed and developing world. While additional research is needed to decrease the limit of detection, this work represents important progress toward developing a diagnostic technology that is rapid, low-cost, distributable and deployable at the point-of-care by a layperson.
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- 2022
31. Position paper: GPT conjecture: understanding the trade-offs between granularity, performance and timeliness in control-flow integrity
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Zhilong Wang and Peng Liu
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Scheme (programming language) ,Computer engineering. Computer hardware ,Conjecture ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Trade-off ,Subject (documents) ,QA75.5-76.95 ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,TK7885-7895 ,Artificial Intelligence ,Ask price ,Electronic computers. Computer science ,Key (cryptography) ,Position paper ,Granularity ,Control-flow integrity ,computer ,Software ,Information Systems ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
Performance/security trade-off is widely noticed in CFI research, however, we observe that not every CFI scheme is subject to the trade-off. Motivated by the key observation, we ask three questions: ➊ does trade-off really exist in different CFI schemes? ➋ if trade-off do exist, how do previous works comply with it? ➌ how can it inspire future research? Although the three questions probably cannot be directly answered, they are inspiring. We find that a deeper understanding of the nature of the trade-off will help answer the three questions. Accordingly, we proposed theGPTconjecture to pinpoint the trade-off in designing CFI schemes, which says that at most two out of three properties (fine granularity, acceptable performance, and preventive protection) could be achieved.
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- 2021
32. Beyond Boundaries of Cultural Capital in Determining the Inclusion of Information Technology in the High School Curriculum
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Dewa, Alton
- Abstract
Few high schools offer Information Technology (IT)) as a subject in South Africa. This paper used Bourdieu's conception of cultural capital to investigate the reasons why many public schools are shunning away from including IT in their curriculum. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analysed using ANOVA, to determine whether cultural capital influences choosing IT as one of the subjects in the school curriculum. The results showed that public high school principals view IT as a subject that should be done in schools where there is medium-to-high cultural capital status. It is a challenge for schools with low cultural capital to offer IT among their subjects as it is not practiced by the community or society in which the schools exist. The paper concludes by recommending that there is room for the so-called 'low cultural capital' schools to offer IT among their subjects despite the challenges they are facing. Cultural capital does not hinder students' performance. Students from low cultural capital communities can achieve good grades even though they learn under difficult circumstances of inadequate educational resources.
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- 2022
33. Proceedings of International Conference on Research in Education and Science (Antalya, Turkey, March 24-27, 2022). Volume 1
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International Society for Technology, Education and Science (ISTES) Organization, Shelley, Mack, Akcay, Hakan, and Ozturk, Omer Tayfur
- Abstract
"Proceedings of International Conference on Research in Education and Science" includes full papers presented at the International Conference on Research in Education and Science (ICRES) which took place on March 24-27, 2022 in Antalya, Turkey. The aim of the conference is to offer opportunities to share ideas, to discuss theoretical and practical issues and to connect with the leaders in the fields of education and science. The conference is organized annually by the International Society for Technology, Education, and Science (ISTES). The ICRES invites submissions which address the theory, research or applications in all disciplines of education and science. The ICRES is organized for: faculty members in all disciplines of education and science, graduate students, K-12 administrators, teachers, principals and all interested in education and science. After peer-reviewing process, all full papers are published in the Conference Proceedings. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]
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- 2022
34. Group-Oriented Paper Recommendation With Probabilistic Matrix Factorization and Evidential Reasoning in Scientific Social Network
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Zhen Shao, Hanru Wang, Yan Chu, Xinyue Zhang, and Gang Wang
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Human-Computer Interaction ,Social network ,Probabilistic matrix factorization ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Group (mathematics) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Evidential reasoning approach ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Software ,Computer Science Applications - Published
- 2022
35. Review Paper on Networking Issue of Internet of Things (IOT)
- Author
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Swathi Rn, Rashmi Sk, Vaishnavi As, and Nekkanti Deepak
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,Internet privacy ,Internet of Things ,business - Abstract
The Internet was initially used to transfer data packets between users and data sources with a specific IP address. Due to advancements, the Internet is being used to share data among different small, resource constrained devices connected in billions to constitute the (IOT) Internet of things .In addition, the paper discusses about wireless LAN Wi-Fi technology i.e. wireless local area network protocol and on a larger scale, mobile communication technology, that is used to provide connectivity to the internet, the wide area network. The paper draws an attention towards the background of IOT and its distinction with other technologies, discussion on network optimization in IOT. This paper not only reviews, compares and consolidates the recent related works, but also admires the author’s findings, solutions and discusses its usefulness towards network optimization in IOT. The uniqueness of this paper lies in the review of network optimization issues and challenges in IOT. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on the network optimization in IOT is presented.
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- 2021
36. Case Study: What Happens to a Journal after it Accepts a Spoof Paper?
- Author
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Graham Kendall
- Subjects
Marketing ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Communication ,Computer Science Applications ,World Wide Web ,Workflow ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Media Technology ,Business and International Management ,business ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,Publication ,Web site - Abstract
One way of exposing predatory journals is to submit a spoof article to see if it gets accepted. We investigate one journal, looking at how it has performed since a spoof paper it accepted came to light. We find that it has published almost 20% more papers following the acceptance of the spoof paper. The journal has a new web site, which appears to show that it did not publish its first paper until 2018. However, there is an old web site that lists 321 papers dating back to 2012. The editors said that this is due to a new workflow system, which meant that previously published papers could not be listed on the new web site. Moreover, the number of papers could be not accommodated, as a high configuration server would be required to provide a responsive web site. We found some plagiarism, which looks quite serious. We conclude that the spoof paper had little effect on the journal, which continues to operate, seven years after the spoof paper was accepted.
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- 2021
37. An Experimental Reproduction Study on Characteristics of Woodblock Printing on Traditional Korean Paper (Hanji)
- Author
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Eun-Ju Ahn, Woo Sik Yoo, and Jung Gon Kim
- Subjects
Computer science ,Reproduction (economics) ,Visual arts - Abstract
The history of printing technology in Korea is studied by investigating existing ancient documents and records and comparing accumulated data and knowledge. Cultural property research requires non-destructive testing and observation with the naked eye or aided by a microscope. Researchers’ experience and knowledge are required even though they cannot guarantee the outcome. For ancient documents and records that are presumed to consist of woodblock printing, wood type printing, metal type printing, or their combinations, each researcher draws various opinions and conclusions. This often causes confusion and divides the opinions of ordinary citizens and field specialists. Among them, the criteria for judging ancient documents or books printed using woodblock and metal movable material are ambiguous. Academic research on the development history of printing technology in ancient Korea has been stagnant, and conflicts among researchers have also erupted. Involvement of national investigative agencies not specialized in cultural properties has exacerbated the situation. In this study, we investigated printing characteristics that are likely to serve as more objective judgment criteria by quantitatively analyzing the experiments of retrieving several sheets of Korean paper (Hanji) using a replicated Hunminjeongeum (訓民正音) woodblock and quantitatively analyzing the images of the printed papers. In addition, the validity and questions for the typical phenomena presented as a method for distinguishing between woodblock and metal print are reviewed. We investigated the possibility of developing new objective judgement criteria through quantitative analysis using image analysis and investigating the printing characteristics of Korean paper through a reproduction experiment of woodblock printing.
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- 2021
38. Development progress, performance enhancement routes, and applications of paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators
- Author
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Changmei Lin, Jing Yu, Shilin Cao, Jinxin Lan, Dongdong Lu, Xiaojuan Ma, Hai Huang, and Zifeng Hua
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY ,General Chemical Engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Chemistry ,Paper based ,Biochemical engineering ,Electricity ,Performance enhancement ,business ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Triboelectric effect - Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been investigated as a promising device to harvest mechanical energy into electricity. At present, paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators (P-TENGs) have been widely researched because paper features with lightweight, low cost, abundance, renewability and biodegradability. In this paper, the operating principles and operation modes of TENGs, the development progress and performance enhancement routes of P-TENGs are comprehensively reviewed. Additionally, the overview, challenges and opportunities of P-TENGs applications are also presented.
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- 2022
39. Current Challenges and Future Trends of Enzymatic Paper-Based Point-of-Care Testing for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
- Author
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Marco Rito-Palomares, Mirna González-González, Raquel Flores-DelaToba, and Margarita Ortiz-Martínez
- Subjects
type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Computer science ,Point-of-Care Systems ,Point-of-care testing ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Early detection ,Review ,General Medicine ,Research opportunities ,Paper based ,paper-based analytical device ,medicine.disease ,In vitro diagnostic ,point-of-care testing ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Diabetes mellitus ,colorimetry ,medicine ,Humans ,glucose ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Healthcare system - Abstract
A point-of-care (POC) can be defined as an in vitro diagnostic test that can provide results within minutes. It has gained enormous attention as a promising tool for biomarkers detection and diagnosis, as well as for screening of chronic noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is one of the metabolic disorders that has grown exponentially in recent years, becoming one of the greatest challenges to health systems. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of this disorder are essential to provide adequate treatments. However, efforts to reduce incidence should remain not only in these stages but in developing continuous monitoring strategies. Diabetes-monitoring tools must be accessible and affordable; thus, POC platforms are attractive, especially paper-based ones. Paper-based POCs are simple and portable, can use different matrixes, do not require highly trained staff, and are less expensive than other platforms. These advantages enhance the viability of its application in low-income countries and hard-to-reach zones. This review aims to present a critical summary of the main components required to create a sensitive and affordable enzymatic paper-based POC, as well as an oriented analysis to highlight the main limitations and challenges of current POC devices for diabetes type 2 monitoring and future research opportunities in the field.
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- 2021
40. Terahertz Imaging for Paper Handling of Legacy Documents
- Author
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David S. Citrin, Min Zhai, Alexandre Locquet, Georgia Tech Lorraine [Metz], Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité - SUPELEC (FRANCE)-Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta]-CentraleSupélec-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Metiers Metz-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Computer science ,Terahertz radiation ,TP1-1185 ,02 engineering and technology ,terahertz dielectric properties ,computer.software_genre ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,010309 optics ,terahertz imaging ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,paper handling ,0103 physical sciences ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,education ,Instrumentation ,terahertz nondestructive evaluation ,education.field_of_study ,Writing paper ,Multimedia ,Chemical technology ,Paperless office ,Terahertz nondestructive evaluation ,Possession (law) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Terahertz spectroscopy and technology ,Terahertz spectroscopy ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,0210 nano-technology ,computer - Abstract
International audience; Despite predictions of the paperless office, global demand for printing and writing paper remains strong, and paper appears to be here to stay for some time. Not only firms, but also governments, libraries, and archives are in possession of large collections of legacy documents that still must be sorted and scanned. In this study, terahertz-based techniques are demonstrated to address several routine tasks related to the automated paper handling of unsorted legacy documents. Specifically, we demonstrate terahertz-based counting of the number of sheets in unconsolidated paper stacks, as well as locating stapled documents buried in paper stacks.
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- 2021
41. The Moon and NEAs as sources of cislunar propellant; removing some constraints from a recent paper drives down lunar sourced propellant cost
- Author
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Ruida Xie, Nicholas J. Bennett, and Andrew G. Dempster
- Subjects
Propellant ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Aerospace Engineering ,Space (commercial competition) ,Abstract space ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Concept of operations ,Resource utilization ,Aerobraking - Abstract
Space Resource Utilization could reduce the mass, cost, and risks of future space activities. The many nonlinear and compounding effects mean that seemingly insignificant concept of operations choices can invalidate the conclusions of sophisticated analyses. Here we successively relax self-imposed constraints in a recent publication to demonstrate that the proximity of a market and the benefits of aerobraking cannot be omitted.
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- 2022
42. Research of the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution by paper and paperboard production processes
- Subjects
Paperboard ,Process (engineering) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,cardboard ,Material flow ,visual_art ,Automotive Engineering ,Personal computer ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Production (economics) ,Stage (hydrology) ,Process engineering ,business ,Computer technology - Abstract
The use of waste paper as a fibrous semi-finished product in the production of paper and paperboard products makes it possible to somewhat reduce the consumption of cellulose. However, waste paper contains a number of water-polluting components of mineral and organic nature, which were introduced into its composition at the stage of production. One of the issues that may arise in the design of technological systems for the production of a given type of paper or cardboard or in the reconstruction of existing production to reduce losses of fibrous semi-finished products and ensure their optimal use or reduce fresh water consumption is to calculate the pollution and also to determine the impact of cardboard and paper production tanks and treatment plants on the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution. To study and analyze the paper and cardboard production processes, which belong to the class of complex technological systems, a methodology was developed that, using computer technology, allows assessing the state of a technological system until its implementation in action. However, from a practical point of view, methods still should be developed that will allow the designer to find solutions to problems that may arise at the design stage of the technological system for production of a given type of paper or cardboard or in the reconstruction of existing production. These problems are related to the calculation of the pollution level and the determination of impact from cardboard and paper production tanks and treatment facilities. The purpose of this article is to conduct research and forecast calculations based on mathematical models to determine the patterns of influence exerted by tanks on the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution in the production of paper and cardboard. The generalized technological system of cardboard production, which is presented in the form of a material flow graph, is taken as an object for research. Water-soluble contaminants of mineral and organic nature enter the production system together with fibrous raw materials, partly with fresh water, and with chemical additives used to impart certain qualities to the product at the stage of its production and at the stage of mechano-chemical water purification. In order to study their impact, it is necessary to conduct at least two stages of calculations on a personal computer using pre-designed models for the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution. At the first stage, the dynamic characteristics of each element of the technological system were equated to elements that do not have a dynamic delay and for which the passage of all watercourses is subject to the speed at which the cardboard web is cast on the mesh. The number of cycles before equilibrium is 99. In the second stage of calculations, it was taken into account that the four tanks in the technological system of production are characterized by a moment of delay and, therefore, the values of delay factors were chosen based on water reserves that accumulate in these basins. The number of cycles before equilibrium in the second stage increased to 264. The main conclusion from the analysis of two options: the technological system in both cases goes to equilibrium at equal values for all components of water-soluble mineral and organic components. However, there are often situations when, in the process of developing (designing) a complex technological system for the production of paper or cardboard, developers are interested in the weighted average concentration of water-soluble mineral components that most affect the state of water flows, and then the technological system can be simplified and presented as a single container linked to the environment. Analysis of the calculation formula of the time for the technological system to reach equilibrium shows that the time value is largely determined by the ratio of the water capacity (W) of the process system to the amount of water (BS) removed from the system. The greater the water capacity of the technological system and the smaller the BS, the longer the time the technological system reaches equilibrium. The next step of the study is to verify the results obtained on the basis of adequate mathematical models in actual production conditions.
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- 2021
43. Survey Paper on Applications of Cloud Computing
- Author
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V. Divya and S. Monica
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,Distributed computing ,Cloud computing ,business - Abstract
Cloud computing is an architecture for facilitating computing service through the internet on requirement and pay per use access to a group of shared resources namely networks, storage, servers, services and applications, without physically acquiring them Cloud DBMS is a distributed database that gives computing as a service. It is sharing of web infrastructure for resources, software and information over a network. The cloud is used as a storage location and database can be accessed and computed from anywhere. In this paper I have discussed about cloud and its use. How we can implement cloud for better performance and different benefits and drawbacks of cloud which we can improve in future Cloud computing has received increasing interest from enterprises since its inception. With its innovative information technology (IT) services delivery model, cloud computing could add technical and strategic business value to enterprises. However, cloud computing poses highly concerning internal (e.g., Top management and experience) and external issues (e.g., regulations and standards). This paper presents a systematic literature review to explore the current key issues related to cloud computing adoption. This is achieved by reviewing 15 articles published about cloud computing adoption. Using the grounded theory approach, articles are classified into eight main categories: in-ternal, external, evaluation, proof of concept, adoption decision, implementation and integration, IT governance, and confirmation. Then, the eight categories are divided into two abstract categories: cloud computing adoption factors and processes, where the former affects the latter. The results of this review indicate that enterprises face serious issues before they decide to adopt cloud computing. Based on the findings, the paper provides a future information systems (IS) research agenda to explore the previously under-investigated areas regarding cloud computing adoption factors and processes. This paper calls for further theoretical, methodological, and empirical contributions to the research area of cloud computing adoption by enterprises.
- Published
- 2021
44. Structured review of papers on the use of different activating flux and welding techniques
- Author
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Kaushal Kumar and Deekshant Varshney
- Subjects
Structured review ,business.industry ,Computer science ,020209 energy ,Gas tungsten arc welding ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,General Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Welding ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,law.invention ,law ,Activated flux ,TIG welding ,Alloys ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,TA1-2040 ,Process engineering ,business ,Flux (metabolism) - Abstract
Activating flux is made up of inorganic material mixed with a volatile medium. The objective of this study is to identify and review the literature in activating flux, and different type of welding techniques. For that purpose, a structured review method is adopted and the Scopus database is used as a primary source for the selection of papers. The papers were identified using the string term of “Activating flux” OR “Activated flux” in the title of papers. And a total of 238 papers were identified for the study. Besides the above few other papers were also reviewed and the materials used, the type of flux used, and the findings of different combinations were highlighted in the form of tables. The findings of the study provide a comprehensive understanding of the different type of welding techniques focusing on TIG welding, and the different combination of flux used and their impact was summarized.
- Published
- 2021
45. Torn-Paper Coding
- Author
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Ilan Shomorony and Alireza Vahid
- Subjects
Combinatorics ,Computer science ,Block (permutation group theory) ,Binary number ,Library and Information Sciences ,Dna storage ,Computer Science Applications ,Information Systems - Abstract
We consider the problem of communicating over a channel that randomly “tears” the message block into small pieces of different sizes and shuffles them. For the binary torn-paper channel with block length $n$ and pieces of length ${\mathrm{ Geometric}}(p_{n})$ , we characterize the capacity as $C = e^{-\alpha }$ , where $\alpha = \lim _{n\to \infty } p_{n} \log n$ . Our results show that the case of ${\mathrm{ Geometric}}(p_{n})$ -length fragments and the case of deterministic length- $(1/p_{n})$ fragments are qualitatively different and, surprisingly, the capacity of the former is larger. Intuitively, this is due to the fact that, in the random fragments case, large fragments are sometimes observed, which boosts the capacity.
- Published
- 2021
46. A Review Paper of Security in Internet of Things (IoT)
- Author
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Shruthi Cs, Vaishnavi Ps, Vshker Mayengbam, Sudeep Poojary, Nayana Ms, and Nagesh Ub
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Internet of Things ,business ,computer - Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) has drawn important attention in recent years since it has made revolutionary changes in human life. The IoT enables the exchange of information or data in a wide variety of applications such as smart buildings, smart health, smart transport, and so on. As billions of connected things communicate with each other and can interchange sensitive information that may be revealed. Hence, strengthening IoT’s security and preserving users’ privacy is a crucial challenge. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive study of the IoT security. Several IoT security attacks are examined and a taxonomy of the security requirements based on the attacks purposes is proposed. Furthermore, recent security solutions are described and classified based on their application area. Ultimately, open research directions and security challenges are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
47. SURVEY PAPER ON THE VARIOUS SECURITY ALGORITHMS USED FOR E-COMMERCE SECURITY
- Author
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Polsani Jahnavi and Balla Manoj Kumar
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,E-commerce ,business ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Abstract
Due to the growth of e-commerce, most of the banking transactions are made on the online platform and all these transactions are made on the websites provided by the merchant or the payable apps and because of this the vulnerability of attacks has increased and there are also chances of using fraudulent websites and apps by the attackers though there are many high-security algorithms are been used for safeguarding against vulnerabilities. The way of judging the relation of trust on the online platform has become a major issue, so a proper trust model also needs to be maintained. In this paper, we reviewed various security algorithms which involve cryptographic algorithms, machine learning, anonymization, and masking techniques, blockchain, distributed networks, and many more to provide integrity, privacy, reliability, authentication, security, and risk-less e-commerce platform.
- Published
- 2021
48. Human-Paper Interaction in the Digital Era: Directions for Human-Information Interaction Design
- Author
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Amir-Reza Asadi
- Subjects
blockchain ,human-paper interaction ,Technology ,Computer science ,Digital era ,Human–computer interaction ,Interaction design ,human-document interaction ,human-object interaction ,human-information interaction ,mixed reality - Abstract
These days, we receive most information through digital mediums such as emails and social networking applications. Investigating the characteristics of human-paper interactions can help us design more meaningful interactions and better understand why people use paper documents in the age of digitalization. In this study, the interaction of people with physical documents was studied through a mixed-method of conducting a literature review, gathering expert opinions, interviewing subjects, and analysing Instagram photos. By codifying the gathered information, the human-paper interaction framework was developed. This framework articulates the advantages of physical documents compared to electronic documents and serves researchers and practitioners by providing insightful human factors about human-document interaction. Finally, we propose six design themes as the solutions to the findings of this study. These implications can provide practical foundations for future design and research.
- Published
- 2021
49. Paper-based platforms for microbial electrochemical cell-based biosensors: A review
- Author
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Tae Hyun Chung and Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Subjects
Bioelectric Energy Sources ,Computer science ,1. No poverty ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,General Medicine ,Paper based ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,6. Clean water ,0104 chemical sciences ,Biobatteries ,Water Quality ,Electrochemistry ,14. Life underwater ,Biochemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Limited resources ,Biosensor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The development of low-cost analytical devices for on-site water quality monitoring is a critical need, especially for developing countries and remote communities in developed countries with limited resources. Microbial electrochemical cell-based (MXC) biosensors have been quite promising for quantitative and semi-quantitative (often qualitative) measurements of various water quality parameters due to their low cost and simplicity compared to traditional analytical methods. However, conventional MXC biosensors often encounter challenges, such as the slow establishment of biofilms, low sensitivity, and poor recoverability, making them unable to be applied for practical cases. In response, MXC biosensors assembled with paper-based materials demonstrated tremendous potentials to enhance sensitivity and field applicability. Furthermore, the paper-based platforms offer many prominent features, including autonomous liquid transport, rapid bacterial adhesion, lowered resistance, low fabrication cost (
- Published
- 2021
50. A Teachable Moment: 'H-Classic Papers in Atomic Spectroscopy'
- Author
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Bush, Laura and Workman, Jerome
- Subjects
Computer science ,Spectrum analysis ,Chemistry ,Engineering and manufacturing industries ,Physics ,Science and technology - Abstract
In the November 2021 issue of Spectroscopy, we published a review paper titled 'H-Classic Papers in Atomic Spectroscopy: An Integrative Literature Review' (1). This paper caused quite a bit of [...]
- Published
- 2022
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